scholarly journals No Influence of Body Composition on Serum Growth Hormone Response to Acute Dynamic Exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Emina Nakaš-Ićindić ◽  
Almira Hadžović ◽  
Elma Kučukalić-Selimović ◽  
Nesina Avdagić ◽  
Asija Zaćiragić
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Serum Gh

Physical effort is a strong physiological stimulus that provokes an increase in blood growth hormone (GH) concentration. Interactions between GH and body composition are very complex. Seven athletes and seven age-matched controls completed a single 30-min bout of upright cycling exercise (5 % of VO(2max).) in order to estimate the influence of body composition on serum GH concentration during exercise. The serum GH concentration was measured in blood samples by standard immunoradiometric (IRMA) method. Anthropometric measurements were used for the calculation of body composition. There were no significant differences in total body mass or body mass index between the groups. The athletes had significantly less fat and higher bone and muscle mass. Serum GH concentration was 2.39 times higher in the athlets versus the control in the period of rest. During acute exercise, the serum GH concentration increased in both groups. No statistically significant differences between the groups in serum GH concentration were found either during the exercise or in the recovery. No correlation between body composition and serum GH concentration was found. Body composition depends on the level of physical activities but if the total body mass is in physiologycal range it does not influence the serum GH response to acute exercise.

One- and two-year change in body composition as measured by DXA in a population-based cohort of older men and women

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 2368-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolein Visser ◽  
Marco Pahor ◽  
Frances Tylavsky ◽  
Stephen B. Kritchevsky ◽  
Jane A. Cauley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Total Body

Changing body composition has been suggested as a pathway to explain age-related functional decline. No data are available on the expected changes in body composition as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in a population-based cohort of older persons. Body composition data at baseline, 1-yr follow-up, and 2-yr follow-up was measured by DXA in 2,040 well-functioning black and white men and women aged 70–79 yr, participants of the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. After 2 yr, a small decline in total body mass was observed (men: −0.3%, women: −0.4%). Among men, fat-free mass and appendicular lean soft tissue mass (ALST) decreased by −1.1 and −0.8%, respectively, which was masked by a simultaneous increase in total fat mass (+2.0%). Among women, a decline in fat-free mass was observed after 2 yr only (−0.6%) with no change in ALST and body fat mass. After 2 yr, the decline in ALST was greater in blacks than whites. Change in total body mass was associated with change in ALST ( r = +0.58 to +0.70; P < 0.0001). Among participants who lost total body mass, men lost relatively more ALST than women, and blacks lost relatively more ALST than whites. In conclusion, the mean change in body composition after a 1- to 2-yr follow-up was 1–2% with a high interindividual variability. Loss of ALST was greater in men compared with women, and greater in blacks compared with whites, suggesting that men and blacks may be more prone to muscle loss.

scholarly journals Accounting for height in indices of body composition during childhood and adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. O'Keeffe ◽  
Abigail Fraser ◽  
Laura D. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Age And Sex

Correlations of body composition with height vary by age and sex during childhood. Standard approaches to accounting for height in measures of body composition (dividing by height (in meters)2) do not take this into account. Using measures of total body mass (TBM), fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) at ages nine, 11, 13, 15 and 18 years from a longitudinal UK cohort study (ALSPAC), we calculated indices of body composition at each age by dividing measures by height (in meters)2. We then produced age-and sex-specific powers of height using allometric regressions and calculated body composition indices by dividing measures by height raised to these powers. TBM, FM and FFM divided by height2 were correlated with height up-to age 11 in females. In males, TBM and FM divided by height2 were correlated with height up-to age 15 years while FM divided by height2 was correlated with height up-to age 11 years. Indices of body composition using age-and sex-specific powers were not correlated with height at any age. In early life, age-and sex-specific powers of height, rather than height in meters2, should be used to adjust body composition for height when measures of adiposity/mass independent of height are required.

scholarly journals Effect of acute exercise on serum growth hormone and fatty acid levels in elite male water polo players

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Marina Djelic ◽  
Sanja Mazic ◽  
Jasna Tepsic ◽  
D. Nesic ◽  
Biljana Lazovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Incremental Protocol ◽  
Serum Gh

The aim of study was to estimate the effect of acute exercise on serum growth hormone (GH) and fatty acid (FFA) levels in elite water polo players. Twelve male water polo players (20.50 ? 2.02 years) and eleven non-athletic male subjects (20.55 ? 1.04 years) participated in this study. In order to determine GH and FFA responses to acute exercise, a treadmill-running test was performed following an incremental protocol. Pre-exercise blood samples for both athletes and non-athletes were taken at 9 AM. Post-exercise samples were taken immediately after and 30 min after the treadmill running test. Water polo players had significantly lower baseline values of serum GH concentration compared to controls, whereas serum FFA concentration was significantly higher in water polo players compared to controls (p<0.01; p<0.05, respectively). In both groups, concentration of GH was significantly higher immediately after and after the 30-min of recovery compared to baseline levels (p<0.05). In water polo players, the concentration of FFA was significantly decreased immediately after and after the 30-min of recovery compared to baseline levels (p<0.05). No significant response to maximal exercise test was observed in the control group for serum FFA concentration. Our research indicates that acute exercise resulted in a significant increase in serum GH and reduction in fatty acid levels in elite water polo players.

Food intake alters the serum growth hormone response to bovine growth hormone-releasing factor in meal-fed Holstein steers

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Moseley ◽  
G. R. Alaniz ◽  
W. H. Claflin ◽  
L. F. Krabill
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Time Of Feeding ◽  
Serum Gh

ABSTRACT The hypothesis that endocrine or nutritional factors related to feeding may affect pituitary responsiveness to an acute challenge with bovine GH-releasing factor (1–44)-NH2 (GRF) was examined in steers. In these experiments, either steers were trained to consume their total daily food allotment in a 2-h period (meal-fed) or food was withheld at the normal time of feeding (sham-fed). In the first of three experiments, the serum GH pattern was determined around the time of feeding in meal-fed and sham-fed steers. The temporal GH rhythm in both groups appeared to be synchronized to the time of feeding, with limited pulsatile GH activity occurring 2–3 h after feeding. Baseline secretion of GH and total area under the GH response curve were lower (P<0·01) in meal-fed compared with sham-fed steers. In the second experiment, 50 μg GRF was injected i.v. in meal-fed steers at −4, −2, 0, + 2, +4, +6 and + 8 h relative to the time of feeding. The number of steers responding to GRF (53%), the amplitude of the GH peak (15·8 μg/l) and the area under the GH response curve (0·6 arbitrary units) were lower (P< 0·001) after than before feeding (90 ± 6 (s.e.m.)%, 61·3 ± 3·2 μg/l and 2·0 ± 0·3 units respectively). Of those steers responding to GRF, the GH response was significantly reduced following feeding compared with before feeding. In the third experiment, 50 μg GRF was injected i.v. in sham-fed steers at −4, −2, 0, +4 and +6 h relative to the time of sham-feeding. The amplitude of the GRF-induced GH peak (55·4 ± 9·3 μg/l), time to the GH peak (12 ± 2 min) and area under the GH response curve (0·8 ± 4 units) were not significantly different (P>0·1) among the different times of injection of GRF before or after sham-feeding. Apparently factors associated with the ingestion of feed can modulate the release of GH from the pituitary as evidenced by (a) the synchronization of the GH pattern to the time of feeding, and (b) the reduction of the serum GH response to i.v. injection of GRF following feeding. J. Endocr. (1988) 117, 253–259

The Half Body Study Does Effectively Reflect Total Body Composition of Fat, Lean and Total Body Mass

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
J. Wang ◽  
A.K. Pall ◽  
F. Rajan ◽  
M. Lothert ◽  
T.W. Schwalenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body Composition ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals Accuracy and reliability of the InBody 270 multi-frequency body composition analyser in 10-12-year-old children

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247362
Author(s):  
Malte Nejst Larsen ◽  
Peter Krustrup ◽  
Susana Cristina Araújo Póvoas ◽  
Carlo Castagna
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Device Reliability ◽  
Total Body

The aim of this study was at examining the validity and reliability of a marketed bioimpedance (BIA) scale for body composition assessment, in children engaged in an educational football project (FIFA 11 for Health). One-hundred and twenty-seven children (70 boys and 57 girls; age 10.7±0.5 years, body mass 41.2±9.0 kg, Body mass index 18.5±3.3 kg·m-2 and stature 149±7 cm) were evaluated for total body mass, lean body mass, muscle mass, using BIA (InBody 270, Biospace, California, USA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA, Lunar Prodigy, GE Medical Systems, Madison, Wisconsin, USA), at baseline conditions. Data analyses were carried out separately for girls and boys. Nearly perfect associations (r = 0.97−0.99) and excellent absolute (TEM = 0.04−1.9%) and relative (ICC = 0.98−1.00) inter-device reliability were found between DEXA and BIA variables. Fat and lean body mass bias (p < .0001) were practically relevant both for the boys (2.56 and 11.22 kg, respectively) and the girls (2.33 and 10.49 kg, respectively). Muscle mass and body fat were underestimated and overestimated, respectively, for the boys and girls. InBody 270 is a valid BIA system for estimating body composition with an excellent inter-device relative and absolute reliability. However, the remarkable measurements bias of BIA fat and muscle mass values discourage its use for clinical prescription. The BIA body composition biases were sex dependent.

scholarly journals Serum Growth Hormone and Glucose Levels in Acute Exercise and in the Recovery Period in Athletes

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elma Kučukalić-Selimović ◽  
Almira Hadžović-Džuvo ◽  
Emina Nakaš-Ićindić ◽  
Zdenka Dražeta
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Serum Gh ◽  
Insulin Like Activity

Growth hormone exerts several metabolic effects, including effects on proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Among the many metabolic activities of GH, two contradictory actions were described: acute and early insulin-like activity and chronic and late anti-insulin like activity also called diabetogenic activity. A dramatic increase in plasma concentration of GH was found during endurance exercise, but its role during exercise is not well known. According to its metabolic effects a possible role of growth hormone may be in maintenance of glucose level during exercise. The aim of this study was to analyze dynamics of changes in GH and glucose levels during acute workload and in the recovery period, in a group of well trained athletes. All the subjects exercised for 30 minutes on cycle ergometer in sitting position (work intensity 50% of VO2 max, RPM 60/min). Serum GH concentrations were measured by IRMA (immunoradiometric assays) method in blood samples obtained at rest and 6-min intervals during exercise, and 15-min intervals during recovery period. Serum glucose levels were determined by standard enzymatic method glucose oxidase (GOD PAP) at the same intervals. There were no correlations between serum GH and glucose levels either during exercise or in the recovery period. There were no differences between glucose levels during exercise, so we can not exclude possible role of GH in glucose concentration maintenance.

scholarly journals Traits of Orthorexia Nervosa and the Determinants of These Behaviors in Elite Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2683
Author(s):  
Olga Surała ◽  
Jadwiga Malczewska-Lenczowska ◽  
Dorota Sadowska ◽  
Izabela Grabowska ◽  
Agata Białecka-Dębek
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
Total Body Composition ◽  
Total Body

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the traits of orthorexia nervosa (ON) and its relation to body composition and anthropometric indices among elite athletes. Methods: We studied 273 (125 female, 148 male) competitive athletes. ON was assessed with the self-administered ORTO-15 questionnaire. Total body composition was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: The ORTO-15 score was independent of sex, type of effort or age. The ORTO-15 score was related to: total body mass (TBM) (p = 0.037; R = 0.170), body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.022; R = 0.187), bone mineral content (BMC) (p = 0.035; R = 0.172), lean soft tissue (p = 0.026; R = 0.182) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (p = 0.007; R = 0.255) in the male; BMI (p = 0.045; R = 0.412) and BMC (p = 0.012; R = 0.506) in weight-dependent male athletes. There was no relationship between ORTO-15 score and body composition in the total study group and subgroup of female athletes. In female athletes, ON tendencies were related to the weekly training time (p = 0.039), but in sprint and high-intensity intermittent efforts subgroup exclusively. Conclusions: Factors related to ON tendencies concerned exclusively BMI and body composition in male, and the weekly training time in female athletes. The results from this study demonstrate that a significant percentage of athletes, irrespective of sex, age, type of sport or hours of training per week, may manifest traits of orthorexia nervosa.

scholarly journals Effects of long-term continuous positive airway pressure on body composition and IGF1

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Münzer ◽  
Andrea Hegglin ◽  
Tobias Stannek ◽  
Otto D Schoch ◽  
Wolfgang Korte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Total Body

ObjectiveTo investigate the long-term effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on body composition (BC) and IGF1.DesignObservational study.SubjectsSeventy-eight (11 females and 67 males) OSAS patients who were compliant with CPAP (age 51±1.1 years) participated in the study. We assessed body mass index (BMI), total body mass (TBM), total body fat (TBF; kg) and lean body mass (LBM; kg), abdominal subcutaneous (SC) and visceral (V) fat (cm2), and waist circumference (WC; cm) by magnetic resonance imaging, and IGF1 (ng/ml) before and after 7.8±1.3 months of CPAP use of an average of 5.9±1.2 h.ResultsWomen had a higher BMI, WC; TBM, TBF, and more SC fat. Men had a higher LBM and more V fat. CPAP increased WC (+2.8±9.6 cm,P=0.02) and LBM (2.2±0.5 kg,P=0.006), but not IGF1. In men, CPAP increased BMI (0.5±0.2 kg/m2,P=0.02), WC (1.7±6.9 cm,P=0.002), TBM (1.7±0.4 kg,P=0.0001), LBM (1.5±0.4 kg,P=0.0003), SC fat (12.9±5.1 cm2,P=0.02), and IGF1 (13.6±4.2 ng/ml,P=0.002).Compliance with CPAP increased LBM in men aged <60 years, but not in those aged >60 years, and IGF1 increased in men aged 40–60 years only.ConclusionsLong-term CPAP increased LBM in both sexes and IGF1 in men, while fat mass remained unchanged, suggesting a sexually dimorphic response of IGF1 to CPAP. The role of the GH axis activity and age to this response is unclear. The metabolic consequences of changes in LBM are still to be determined. Future studies on the effects of CPAP on BC should include LBM as an outcome.

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