scholarly journals Audiological and vestibular evaluations in vitiligo patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Manno ◽  
Annalisa Pace ◽  
Giannicola Iannella ◽  
Valeria Rossetti ◽  
Roberta Polimeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Pathological Response ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Diagnostic Protocol ◽  
Vestibular Damage ◽  
Vestibular Injury ◽  
Caloric Tests

The aim of this paper was to investigate audiological abnormalities and potential vestibular injury in a sample of vitiligo subjects. Thirty-five patients with non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) were enrolled in the study. They underwent pure tonal audiometry (PTA), vestibular Fitzgerald-Hallpike caloric test, C-VEM, and O-VEMP testing.  The χ2 test and multiple regression analysis were performed. At PTA, 69% of patients presented with bilateral hearing loss, 8% monaural hearing loss, and 23% normal values. Bilateral caloric stimulations were performed and demonstrated that 14% of patients had a monolateral and 9% had a bilateral pathological response. VEMPs analysis showed that  20% of patients had no O-VEMPs response and 3% had no C-VEMPs response. Comparison between the normal values of healthy subjects and NSV patients showed an alteration of VEMPs in 44%. Multiple regression showed no statistical differences. We propose a specific diagnostic protocol employing PTA, bithermal caloric tests, C-VEMP, and O-VEMP testing to evaluate audio-vestibular damage. Our data were concordant with the anatomic-physiological melanocytic distribution and their possible degeneration linked with NSV. 

The impact of vestibular symptoms and electronystagmography results on recovery from sudden sensorineural hearing loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle Vofo ◽  
Marrigje Aagje de Jong ◽  
Michal Kaufman ◽  
Julia Meyler ◽  
Ron Eliashar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Routine Identification ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Caloric Tests

Abstract Objectives Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) represents a frequently encountered otological entity, of various types and severity, with an array of associated symptoms including vertigo. This is a devastating life-changing condition with a blurry prognosis. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical association of vestibular impairment by electronystagmography (ENG) and caloric tests, and their ability to predict prognosis. Methods An observational, crossectional study was carried out amongst patients admitted with SSNHL. Each consenting patient had an audiometry test performed on admission as well as ENG and caloric tests. Treatment included oral steroids and carbogen with intratympanic steroids used only as salvage treatment. Follow-up was completed after 6 months when hearing gains were evaluated. Finally, an association was sought between the rate of recovery and ENG and caloric test results. Results Of 35 patients included, marked recovery was seen in patients without vertigo when compared to those with vertigo (p=0.003). A statistically significant association was found between the presence of vertigo and hearing deterioration (p=0.008). More so, normal electronystagmography results were associated with marked recovery (p=0.04). Conclusions The vestibular end organs are both subjectively and objectively affected in SSNHL as demonstrated by the abnormal ENG and caloric tests in our study despite the small sample size. Concomitant vestibular involvement carries poorer prognosis and routine identification may help foresee the recovery of patients with SSNHL and as such, aid in patient counseling. ENG and caloric tests are easily available and may be recommended for all patients with SSNHL.

Neuro-otological findings in tinnitus patients with normal hearing

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Morales-Garcia ◽  
G Quiroz ◽  
J M Matamala ◽  
C Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Abnormal Finding ◽  
Canal Paresis ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Caloric Tests

AbstractIntroduction:Tinnitus is usually associated with hearing loss, and patients with tinnitus and normal hearing are unusual. Neuro-otological findings have not previously been described in tinnitus patients with normal hearing.Aim:To analyse neuro-otological examination results from a group of tinnitus patients with normal hearing.Materials and methods:Seventeen normal-hearing tinnitus patients seen over a 10-year period were retrospectively evaluated. Their results were compared with those of a control group of 17 normal subjects without tinnitus.Results:The main neuro-otological finding in the tinnitus patients was caloric test abnormality: a unilateral canal paresis was present in 15 of the 17 patients. Caloric tests were normal in 15 of the 17 control subjects.Conclusion:We may infer from these results that tinnitus could be the only clinical manifestation of a cochlear – and presumably cochleo-vestibular – lesion, and that unilateral canal paresis may be the only abnormal finding on neuro-otological examination.

scholarly journals Vestibular Function After Cochlear Implantation in Partial Deafness Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sosna-Duranowska ◽  
Grazyna Tacikowska ◽  
Elzbieta Gos ◽  
Anna Krupa ◽  
Piotr Henryk Skarzynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Hearing Preservation ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Single Sided Deafness ◽  
Caloric Response ◽  
Vestibular Damage

Introduction: Cochlear implantation is a fully accepted method of treating individuals with profound hearing loss. Since the indications for cochlear implantation have broadened and include patients with low-frequency residual hearing, single-sided deafness, or an already implanted ear (meaning bilateral cochlear implantation), the emphasis now needs to be on vestibular protection.Materials and Methods: The research group was made up of 107 patients operated on in the otorhinolaryngosurgery department: 59 females and 48 males, aged 10.4–80.2 years (M = 44.4; SD = 18.4) with hearing loss lasting from 1.4 to 56 years (M = 22.7; SD = 13.5). The patients underwent cVEMP, oVEMP, a caloric test, and vHIT assessment preoperatively, and, postoperatively, cVEMP and oVEMP at 1–3 months and a caloric test and vHIT at 4–6 months.Results: After cochlear implantation, there was postoperative loss of cVEMP in 19.2% of the patients, oVEMP in 17.4%, reduction of caloric response in 11.6%, and postoperative destruction of the lateral, anterior, and posterior semicircular canal as measured with vHIT in 7.1, 3.9, and 4% respectively.Conclusions: Hearing preservation techniques in cochlear implantation are connected with vestibular protection, but the risk of vestibular damage in never totally eliminated. The vestibular preservation is associated with hearing preservation and the relation is statistically significant. Informed consent for cochlear implantation must include information about possible vestibular damage. Since the risk of vestibular damage is appreciable, preoperative otoneurological diagnostics need to be conducted in the following situations: qualification for a second implant, after otosurgery (especially if the opposite ear is to be implanted), having a history of vestibular complaints, and when there are no strict audiological or anatomical indications on which side to operate.

Comparison of the Aditus ad Antrum Diameter on CT between Patients with Chronic Otitis Media and Healthy Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 990-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Gündoğdu ◽  
Uğur Toprak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Right

Background: The middle ear cavity is ventilated through the aditus ad antrum. Aditus blockage contributes to the pathology of otitis media. Objective: To determine the normal values of the aditus ad antrum diameter on computed tomography and to investigate its relationship with chronic otitis media and related pathologies (tympanosclerosis and myringosclerosis). Methods: The temporal CT images of 162 individuals were evaluated retrospectively. In the axial sections, the inner diameter of the aditus was measured at the narrowest point at the cortex. The differences in diameter were compared between diseased and healthy ears. Results: In healthy individuals, the diameter was narrower in women. There was no difference between the right and left ears in healthy subjects. No correlation was found between age and diameter. In male patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter was slightly narrower on both sides but more marked on the left. In female patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter in both ears was slightly narrower. In cases of otitis media and tympanosclerosis, the diameter was less than that of healthy individuals, despite the lack of statistically significant result in all cases. Conclusion: The aditus ad antrum was narrower in diseased ears, indicating that a blocked aditus may contribute to the development of otitis media, as well as mucosal diseases.

scholarly journals Radiographic Measurement of Cochlear in Sudanese Population using High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubna Bushara ◽  
Mohamed Yousef ◽  
Ikhlas Abdelaziz ◽  
Mogahid Zidan ◽  
Dalia Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cochlear Nerve ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

This study aimed to determine the measurements of the cochlea among healthy subjects and hearing deafness subjects using a High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT). A total of 230 temporal bone HRCT cases were retrospectively investigated in the period spanning from 2011 to 2015. Three 64-slice units were used to examine patients with clinical complaints of hearing loss conditions at three Radiology departments in Khartoum, Sudan. For the control group (A) healthy subjects, the mean width of the right and left cochlear were 5.61±0.40 mm and 5.56±0.58 mm, the height were 3.56±0.36 mm and 3.54±0.36 mm, the basal turn width were 1.87±0.19 mm and 1.88 ±0.18 mm, the width of the cochlear nerve canal were 2.02±1.23 and 1.93±0.20, cochlear nerve density was 279.41±159.02 and 306.84±336.9 HU respectively. However, for the experimental group (B), the mean width of the right and left cochlear width were 5.38±0.46 mm and 5.34±0.30 mm, the height were 3.53±0.25 mm and 3.49±0.28mm, the basal turn width were 1.76±0.13 mm, and 1.79±0.13 mm, the width of the cochlear nerve canal were 1.75±0.18mm and 1.73±0.18mm, and cochlear nerve density were 232.84±316.82 and 196.58±230.05 HU, respectively. The study found there was a significant difference in cochlea’s measurement between the two groups with a p-value < 0.05. This study had established baseline measurements for the cochlear for the healthy Sudanese population. Furthermore, it found that HRCT of the temporal bone was the best for investigation of the cochlear and could provide a guide for the clinicians to manage congenital hearing loss.

Wireless oesophageal pH monitoring: Feasibility, safety and normal values in healthy subjects

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 768-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörgen Wenner ◽  
Folke Johnsson ◽  
Jan Johansson ◽  
Stefan Öberg
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Ph Monitoring

scholarly journals The Distribution of Normal Values in Cold Air Caloric Test.

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Hidejiro Mano ◽  
Koji Tokumasu ◽  
Masaaki Yamane
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Cold Air

Otosclerosis: Vestibular Symptoms and Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Thane R. Cody ◽  
Hillier L. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Calcium Gluconate ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Vestibular Symptoms ◽  
Preliminary Study

Of 546 patients with otosclerosis, 500 who had not had ear surgery were divided into four groups according to the relative and absolute amounts of sensorineural hearing loss in the hearing-impaired ears. The first three groups of patients had progressively less of a conductive component and progressively more of a sensorineural component to their hearing losses. The fourth group of patients had pure sensorineural hearing impairments. The remaining 46 patients were placed in group V. They had bilateral hearing losses and had had a prior unilateral stapedectomy for otosclerosis and they had received medical therapy for otosclerosis. The following conclusions were reached: 1 Further clinical evidence was obtained supporting the existence of the entity “pure labyrinthine otosclerosis.” However, there can be difficulties in the diagnosis of this condition. 2 The incidence of vestibular symptoms in patients with otosclerosis increased as the relative and absolute amounts of sensorineural hearing loss increased and was much higher than one would expect in the normal population. In addition, with increasing sensorineural hearing loss, the severity of vestibular symptoms increased along with the incidence of depression in vestibular function determined by the bithermal caloric test in patients with vestibular Symptoms. 3 A preliminary study on the administration of a combination of calcium gluconate, sodium fluoride, and vitamin D to patients with otosclerosis who had vestibular symptoms indicated that the therapy controlled vestibular symptoms in a high percentage of these patients. 4 A preliminary study on the administration of calcium gluconate, sodium fluoride, and vitamin D to patients with otosclerosis indicated that in a high percentage of patients the deterioration in hearing was stopped. A small but significant number of patients had reversal of their hearing loss. 5 Side effects of treatment with a combination of calcium gluconate, sodium fluoride, and vitamin D were not serious and were reversible, and there appears to be no contraindication to this therapy for healthy adults.

Neuro-Otologic Abnormalities in Myelopathy Associated with Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1

1993 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Uno ◽  
Satoshi Noguchi ◽  
Ryosei Minoda ◽  
Takeru Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem

Auditory testing (pure tone audiometry, auditory brain stem response), and vestibular tests (eye tracking test, optokinetic pattern test, and caloric test) were performed to define neuro-otologic abnormalities in myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Of the eight patients tested, seven showed sensorineural hearing loss and one showed mixed hearing loss on pure tone audiometry. The auditory brain stem responses of five patients showed increases of the I-III and I-V interpeak latencies. Two patients showed fast superimposed saccadic movements on the smooth pursuit test, and one other patient showed canal paresis on the caloric test. These findings suggest both the presence of neuro-otologic abnormality and involvement of the brain stem in myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1.

The effect of altitude upon various nervous functions

1954 ◽  
Vol 143 (910) ◽  
pp. 12-13 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Analogous Result ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Knee Jerk

During several expeditions to the Jungfraujoch (3450 m) the effect of residence at altitude upon various nervous functions of healthy subjects was studied. The threshold of cutaneous and gustatory sensitivity, the threshold of the knee-jerk reflex, the amplitude of equilibratory movements and the reaction time to optic stimulation were measured at 560 or 800 m, and on the same subjects during a stay of 2 or 3 weeks on the Jungfraujoch, and finally once more after the return to the plain. Apparatus was specially adapted for this (Fleisch 1945; Grandjean 1948a).The major results were as follows: the thresholds of cutaneous sensitivity were lowered at an altitude of 3450 m in forty-two of fifty examined subjects. The thresholds returned to normal values in some subjects at the end of the stay at Jungfraujoch and in all subjects after the return to the plain. An analogous result was obtained by either measuring the cutaneous sensitivity electrically or by measuring the sensitivity of the cornea with a hair (Grandjean 19486). The thresholds of gustatory sensitivity to glucose, NaCl, tartaric acid and to quinine were lowered in all 18 subjects examined during their stay at the Jungfraujoch (Fleisch & Grandjean J944).

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