scholarly journals Two Focal Seizure in a Patient Caused by Different Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-326
Author(s):  
Hong-Jin Kim ◽  
Han Uk Ryu ◽  
Byoung-Soo Shin ◽  
Hyun Goo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Stroke Patient ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Focal Seizure ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Focal Seizures ◽  
Acute Symptomatic Seizure ◽  
Stroke Mimic

Poststroke epilepsy is the most common cause of epilepsy in adult. Acute symptomatic seizure is a provoked seizure usually caused by systemic metabolic disorders. If stroke patient has a seizure, it is very important to discriminate whether it is a poststroke epilepsy or provoked seizure. The reason is that there are differences in the approach to treatment and the continuation of antiepileptic drugs. We report a stroke mimic patient who had two different mechanisms of focal seizures.

scholarly journals Modern approach to diagnosis and treatment of seizures in newborns and early age children

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-75
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Martyniuk ◽  
◽  
T.K. Znamenska ◽  
V.B. Shveikina ◽  
V.A. Galagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Epileptic Syndromes

The article is devoted to the topical problem of neonatology and pediatric neurology — the diagnosis and treatment of seizures in newborns and young children. The work presents an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of epileptic seizures in children. It is indicated that the therapeutic effect of most antiepileptic drugs consists of modulation of voltage-gated and ligand-gated channels of membranes of neurons of the cerebral cortex, enhancement of inhibitory synaptic transmission or inhibition of activating synaptic transmission. The issues of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antiepileptic drugs are considered, taking into account the age characteristics of the child's body, in particular, newborns and early age children. The problems of drug interaction were discussed. The properties of individual antiepileptic drugs, which are used in newborns and young children, are considered. Emphasized are «polar» differences in the work of phenobarbital, which depend on the stage of epileptogenesis, namely: suppression of epileptiform activity at the early stage of epileptogenesis and its enhancement in the already formed epileptic focus (epileptic system). The literature data on the differentiated treatment of certain epileptic syndromes are presented. The issues on the prospects for the treatment of genetically determined diseases, which are accompanied by seizures associated with metabolic disorders, are considered. The modern high-tech methods of treatment of these diseases are noted. The role of diet therapy, co-factor therapy in the treatment of hereditary metabolic disorders, in particular, the ketogenic diet as a method of alternative treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy in children, is shown. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: newborn, epilepsy, epileptic encephalopathy, treatment, antiepileptic drugs, review.

scholarly journals Persistent Hypoglycemia and Seizures in Two Months Old Infant Due to Recurrent Hyper insulinemic Hypoglycemia

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Edwin Dias
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycemia ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Malformation Syndromes ◽  
Intracranial Infections ◽  
Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycaemia

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia is the most common cause of recurrent hypoglycaemia. Neonatal hypoglycemia, is a heterogeneous disorder with plasma glucose level of less than 30mg/dL in first 24hrs of life and less than 40mg/dL thereafter, is the most common metabolic cause in newborns. The most important feature of neurologic dysfunction in neonatal period is the occurrence of seizures which can be due to metabolic disorders, genetic disorders, intracranial infections, malformation syndromes, benign neonatal seizures, hemorrhage. Here, we provide a description of a 2 months old infant with Persistent Hypoglycemia and Seizures, treated with hypoglycemic management and antiepileptic drugs

scholarly journals Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus as a cause for prolonged delirium: an under-diagnosed phenomenon?

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Ben Lovell ◽  
◽  
M Lander ◽  
Rupert Negus ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Convulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Common Cause

Delirium is a common cause for acute hospital admissions. There are many potential causes for this presentation, including infection, polypharmacy and metabolic disorders. We present the case of a patient with hyponatraemia and prolonged delirium, in whom the diagnosis of non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) was made following electroencephalography (EEG).

scholarly journals New Onset Focal Seizure Following COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Seng Phua ◽  
Shalini Bhaskar ◽  
Azman Ali Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Focal Seizure ◽  
Seizure Threshold ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
Focal Seizures ◽  
Patient’S History ◽  
New Onset

Abstract IntroductionAs more novel COVID-19 vaccines are being rolled out in a frantic pace globally, any complication that might be related to COVID-19 vaccines should be highlighted, especially since COVID-19 vaccines are relatively new, and side effects may yet to be fully elucidated. We report a case of a healthy 18-year-old male who presented with new onset focal seizures 5 days after receiving 1st dose of Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. Case PresentationThe patient was treated with intravenous phenytoin and oral levetiracetam 250mg twice daily with no further events. There was no documented fever. CT venogram and EEG were unremarkable. MRI brain revealed generalised atrophy including mild bilateral hippocampal atrophy with no evidence of sclerosis. There was no predilection for seizures identified from the patient’s history. The patient was discharged the following day on levetiracetam and advised to proceed with the 2nd dose of Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination in 3 months’ time.ConclusionSeizures following COVID-19 vaccination have only been reported in a handful of cases. COVID-19 vaccination could lower seizure threshold, or unmask an underlying predisposition for epilepsy. As most COVID-19 vaccines worldwide are given in 2 doses, clinicians should consider maintaining patients on anti-seizure drugs if vaccination was thought to be a provoking factor.

Focal Seizures and Systemic Metabolic Disorders

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Berkovic ◽  
J. A. Johns ◽  
P. F. Bladin
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Focal Seizures

Clonic Focal Seizure of the Foot Secondary to Nonketotic Hyperglycemia

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis J. DeCaro ◽  
Michael Reinig ◽  
Bruce T. Croft
Keyword(s):  
Medical Literature ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Focal Seizure ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Focal Seizures ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
The Right

Focal epileptic seizures can be the first manifestation of a diabetic disorder. Metabolic disturbances, including hyperglycemia, mild hyperosmolality, hyponatremia, and lack of ketoacidosis contribute to the development of partial focal seizures. A review of the medical literature for partial focal seizures is presented, followed by a case study of a patient who developed clonic seizures of the right foot secondary to hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, and hyperosmolality. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 92(2): 109-111, 2002)

scholarly journals CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Thakur ◽  
Sumeet Verma
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Acute Symptomatic Seizure ◽  
The Common

Background: This study is to describe the clinical profile of children presenting with seizure including common causes of seizure and classify the seizure types. Methods:  Hospital-based, analytic and descriptive study. This study includes all children in the age group 6 months to 12 years who presented in the department of paediatrics with seizure. Results: Seizures presented with fever in 36.00% of cases Conclusions: Seizures are one of the common causes of hospitalization. It can be inferred from this study that CNS infections are the most common cause of acute symptomatic seizure. The improvement in health care facilities like sanitation and immunization is warranted to prevent it. Keywords: Seizures, GTCS, Children

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