Medical Image Processing: Detection and Prediction of PCOS – A Systematic Literature Review

Purpose: Considered as the most common hormonal disorder among women, polycystic ovary syndrome or PCOS affects 1 in 10 reproductive aged women (18 - 44 years). Ultrasonography is applied for assessing the ovaries to detect PCOS. The patients affected by PCOS consist of 10-12 cysts present in the ovary, but more than 10 cysts are more enough to diagnose the disorder from the ultrasound images. Then, by examining the ultrasound the presence of follicles will be determined. Therefore, the image processing approaches have assisted to identify the characteristics like follicle size, number of follicles and structure to minimize the workload and time of doctors. PCOS do not have better treatment and effective diagnosis. This paper includes reviewing a summary of some of the researches that have been going in area of medical diagnosis. Based on the review, research gap, research agendas to carry out further research are identified. Approach: A detailed study on the algorithms used in medical image processing and classification. Findings: The study indicated that most of the classification of polycystic ovarian syndrome is done merely on the clinical data sets. The new hybrid methodology proposed will be more precise as both images and lifestyle are analysed. Originality: The type of data required for detection system are studied and the architecture and schematic diagram of a proposed system are included. Paper Type: Literature Review.

Work-Life Balance of Women Medical Professionals in the Healthcare Sector-A Systematic Literature Review

Purpose: Healthcare employees frequently put their personal needs aside for their professions, making it a challenge to maintain a healthy Work-Life Balance (WLB), particularly for women. WLB is a delicate balancing act between the importance and priorities of one's personal and professional paths, which are closely interwoven in every aspect. The Healthcare sector is rapidly expanding with female doctors and nurses accounting for a large portion of the workforce. Their job entails a variety of issues which include night shifts, prolonged shifts, fewer breaks, and high work pressure. When there is a positive organizational culture and supportive environment at work and home, female medical professionals will be able to offer excellent medical care, be more efficient, and enhance the quality of patient care. Hence it is necessary to identify various factors affecting the personal and professional life of female medical professionals and discuss ways to improve their WLB. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out on the existing literature of WLB of Female Doctors and Nurses using the keywords Work-Life Balance, Hospital, Female Doctors, Female Nurses in three search engines: PubMed, Google Scholars, and Academia. The eligible articles were screened using exclusion criteria before being analyzed for the conceptual framework of the study. Findings/Result: The review identified personal and professional factors affecting the WLB of Female Doctors and Nurses. The study also discovered various research gaps in the domain of WLB and offered several recommendations to help healthcare personnel improve their WLB. Originality/Value: The systematic research yielded a clear picture of the WLB in the healthcare industry. The study also discovered a link between female healthcare workers' WLB and personal and professional issues, as well as various ways for enhancing their WLB. Implementing these methods in the healthcare industry can help medical practitioners become more efficient and successful, allowing them to provide the highest suitable care to their patients. Paper Type: Systematic Review Paper.

A Study on the Dynamics of Technology and the Future of Pharmaceutical Industry

Purpose: Information technology has influenced every part of life, including work. Technology's incorporation into our daily lives has made living far simpler and more convenient. As a result, the assumptions were to assess the influence of new technology on the pharmaceutical sector, both favourable and negative. The goal of the research is to determine the importance and effect of the technology that are designed in the pharmaceutical sector. The pharmaceutical industry started to implement the IT techniques that can help patient care and also in storage the data of the patient. This paper concentrate on the various implemented technology in the pharmacy field also the current using techniques, and determining the future trends in the pharmacy fields. And finally discussing about the impact in the pharmacy industry. Objectives: To study the role of Information Technology used in Pharmacy industry, and view on various techniques used in pharmaceutical sector. Methodology/Design/Approach: The analysis and the application used in the pharmacy sector are done by referring various research paper, articles. A Literature Survey is done. Findings/Result: Pharmacy started to use the latest technology that can help patientcare. The use new technology and the impact of it are discussed. Originality/value: Based on the secondary data available, the paper focus on the new technologies and impact of pharmacy sector. Type of the Paper: Review paper.

A Study on the Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic on Families with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Purpose: In the exceptional disruption and social isolation of the COVID-19 pandemic, households round the arena are confronted with questions of ways their youngsters can thrive in those conditions. The ever-present demanding situations for kids with unique fitness needs such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the disaster relay particular problems due to terrible influences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A sample of 30 parents of children with ASD has been included in the study during the second wave of the pandemic. Parents have been asked to fill out self-report questionnaire through Google form. Findings: Researcher has tried to understand the vulnerability of ASD individuals, the associated co-morbidity, challenges encountered, turmoil on daily routine, unreached therapeutic modalities and the stressors. The role of healthcare facilities during the pandemic like COVID -19, the measures taken to ease the burden of ASD community has been studied. The benefit of online services and tele-health during pandemic along with its significance and positive benefits has been identified. It is the best medium of practice for people with limited resources trying to reach efficient behavioural health professionals through technology. Interstate and international opinions and differential diagnosis always remained incomplete as people have no resources to reach the best, pandemic has strengthened the connectivity and collaboration to individuals in need and made it possible. Originality: The efforts to prioritize the need of the vulnerable community and their responsibilities in reintegrating them into society with risk measures have been weighed. The impact on the overall growth and development and on the psychological realm has been identified with its outcome and the management. What best can be offered and done during the relevant crisis and what measures need to be taken has been deeply observed. Paper type: Research Case Study.

Students’ Perceptions of the Impact of Online Education on Health during COVID-19: A Survey Study

Purpose: This empirical research aims to see whether students in higher educational institutions are satisfied with technology-assisted Online Education during the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on their physical mental and emotional health. The findings of this study could help policymakers and healthcare professionals develop effective psychological therapies and cost-efficient recommendations for preventing negative feelings among general people who are solitary at home. Methodology: To demonstrate the demographic and other selected features of the respondents, a descriptive analysis was done. Due to the non-normal distribution of the data, a non-parametric test was employed to investigate the significant correlations between sample characteristics and the level of health problems during the COVID-19 outbreak. The connection between gender, education level, and age group vs the stated level of health problems was evaluated using a One-Way ANOVA test for independence. Findings/Result: It was found that too much exposure to mobile and laptop screens is currently one of the major disadvantages of online education and leads to a feeling of isolation and fear. It may indicate distress and an increased abnormal or obsessive tendency like picking nails, sucking the thumb, and pulling the hair. Excessive use of gadgets even resulted in mental health problems, stress sensations, anxiety, excitation or thrill, headaches, tiredness of the muscle, eye and ear strains, obesity or overweight, faintness, irregular sleep patterns, mental disturbance, back pain, aching shoulders, neck, and muscles pain, etc. Online education also affected the physical activity levels of students like bad postures, later bedtimes, longer sleep rise discontinuation, and later waking times which has been associated with motionless and lazy lifestyles. Originality: The study used data collected through an online survey to learn how students are dealing with online education, which has been around for a long time but is still underutilized, and how satisfied they are with it. During June 2021, data was obtained. The online survey form was kept open for a week to allow respondents to reply. The participating population does not have a regional boundary Paper Type: Empirical research.

Blockchain Technology - Current Status and Future Research Opportunities in Various Areas of Healthcare Industry

Purpose: Blockchain technology is one of the emerging Information Communication and Computation (ICCT) underlying technologies of the 21st century with potential applications in primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary industry sectors. In this paper, we have identified and analyzed some of the potential fields of the healthcare industry that can get benefit by means of using blockchain technology principles. Based on a systematic review on the development of blockchain technology and its application in healthcare sector to improve the quality of healthcare services, this paper identifies some of the application areas in the healthcare industry including Healthcare Security & Authentication aspects, Clinical Trials & Precision Medicine, Personalizing the Healthcare Services, Healthcare Data Management, Strengthening Public Health Surveillance, e-Healthcare to Customers, Healthcare Administration & Medicine Management, Telehealth & Telemedicine, Managing Medical Imaging, Developing Smart Healthcare System, and Healthcare Information System. The purpose also includes the analysis of the current implementation challenges of blockchain technology in healthcare industry services. Methodology: The study is descriptive and exploratory in nature. The related information is collected from various secondary sources for review. The secondary sources include published literature from various scholarly journals searched through Google scholar by means of identified keywords. Results/Findings: Based on a systematic review, we have identified the current status of the use of blockchain in several areas of healthcare sector, desired status called ideal status, and the research gap of use of blockchain technology in various application areas of the healthcare industry along with identification of various possible research agendas for future research. Originality/Value: It is found that blockchain technology facilitates for the improvement of quality services in the healthcare sector and various research agendas are proposed to carry out further research for patient satisfaction and comfortability. Type of the Paper: Review based research analysis.

Zuber’s Person-Centered Care Clinical Governance Standards for Hospitals

Purpose: To establish the Clinical Governance standards for hospitals based on the Person-Centered Care concepts since it is crucial in improving standards of care that patients receive. Objective: To develop Person Centered Care Clinical Governance Standards for Hospitals. Method: This is a review of literature study and the data were collected with comprehensive searches in the online databases of Google Scholars and Research Gate. Conclusions: The study concluded with “Zuber’s Person-Centered Care Clinical Governance Standards for Hospitals.”

Zuber’s Coronavirus Disease (COVID- 19) Standards for Hospitals

Purpose: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is affecting 220 nations and territories in the world. As of May 11th, 2021, there were 158,651,638 reported and confirmed cases of COVID-19 to WHO, out of which 3,299,764 were reported death to WHO. However, there are no defined, structured and concise Coronavirus Disease (COVID- 19) Standards for Hospitals in order to manage such cases in the hospitals by maintain quality, patient safety, risk management and patient experience. Objective: To develop Coronavirus Disease (COVID- 19) Standards for Hospitals. Method: This is a review of literature study and the data were collected with comprehensive searches in the online databases of goggle scholars and research gate. Conclusions: The study concluded with “Zuber’s Coronavirus Disease (COVID- 19) Standards for Hospitals.”

An AI-based Analysis of the effect of COVID-19 Stringency Index on Infection rates: A case of India

Purpose: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has already been felt worldwide, disrupting the unremarkable life of individuals. Social consequences and viral transmission are challenges that must be resolved to effectively overcome the problems that occur throughout this pandemic. The COVID-19 infection data about India were represented using different statistical models. In this paper, the authors focus on the data collected between 1st January 2020 and 12th April 2021, try analyzing the different indexes related to India, and predict the number of infected people in the near future. Based on the infection rate, it is possible to classify a country as “fixed,” “evolving” and “exponential.” Based on the prediction, some recommendations are proposed to contain the outbreak of the disease. This will also help the government and policymakers to identify and analyze various risks associated with 'opening up' and 'shutting down' in response to the outbreak of the disease. With the help of these models, it is possible to predict the number of cases in the near future. Methodology: COVID-19 Stringency Index, Government Response Index, and Containment Health Index calculated, published, and updated real-time by a research group from Oxford University (https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/research/research-projects/covid-19-government-response-tracker) on 21 mitigation and suppression measures employed by different countries were analyzed using a few mathematical models to find the relationship between Stringency Index and infection rates and forecast trends. A new model was proposed after analyzing a few mathematical models proposed by the researchers. Data analytics was also conducted using AI-based data analytics tools available online. The dataset was kept updated until the date April 20, 2021, was downloaded for this purpose. The appropriate values were extracted from the original dataset and used to construct a sub-dataset, which was then used for the analytics. An AI-based online Data Analytics tool provided by datapine was used to forecast trends. Findings/Result: It was observed that in India, as in other countries, there is a close association between Stringency Level and COVID-19 cases. The higher the degree of stringency, the lower the cases, and vice versa. The same can be said about the government's role and degree of containment & health. Originality: In this paper, we analyzed various mathematical models for predicting the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in India. We also examined the relationship between total cases and the Government's Response Index, Containment & Health Index, and Stringency Index indicators. The model we proposed to predict COVID-19 cases on a day-by-day basis had a 98 percent accuracy rate and a 2% error rate. Paper Type: Analytical. With prerecorded datasets obtained from online resources, and data analysis was conducted using mathematical models and AI-based analytical tools.

Tracking and Monitoring Fitness of Athletes Using IoT Enabled Wearables for Activity Recognition and Random Forest Algorithm for Performance Prediction

Purpose: The progression in technology is made the best use of in every field. Sports analytics is an essential sector that has gained importance in this technology-driven era. It is used to determine the hidden relationships among different quantitative parameters that affect the performance of athletes. This type of analysis requires a large amount of data to be stored periodically. Cloud acts as a scalable centralized repository that can store the massive data essential for analysis purpose. From the technological perspective there are numerous wearable activity tracking devices, which will be able to provide feedback of physical activities. With the help of random forest (RF) algorithm it is possible to classify huge datasets to perform predictions. In this paper, different smart devices that can be used to measure physical activity, use of RF algorithm for converting data obtained from smart devices into knowledge are explored. A conceptual model that uses wearable devices for tracking and monitoring and RF algorithm to predict the performance is suggested. Methodology: The study was conducted by referring to scholarly documents available online and by referring to websites of companies offering healthcare and sports related services. A conceptual model is developed based on the theoretical perception that incorporates the components needed for measuring the physical activities to predict the performance of athletes. Findings/Result: In this paper the proposed system contains four major activities as Capture, Store, Analyze, and Predict. The model considers use of IoT-enabled wearable devices to measure the physical activities of athletes and the information collected will in turn be used to analyze predict their performance and suggest them how to increase the chances of winning. However, the outcome of a game does not only depend upon the PA of athletes. It depends also upon the physical, mental, emotional health, nutrition and many other factors. Originality: In this paper, a theoretical model is deduced to integrate IoT and RF Algorithm to track and monitor fitness of athletes using wearables for activity recognition and performance prediction. Paper Type: Conceptual Paper