THE STATUS OF SELECTION OF YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS IN A TEAM ACCORDING TO THE IMPACT OF THE RELATIVE AGE EFFECT ON MOTORIC PERFORMANCE

The Relative Age Effect has been the subject of study by researchers who seek to understand sports performance. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of relative age effect (RAE) in basketball players, verifying whether early-birth players and the features of the place they inserted affect probable recruitment for athletic teams. The sample was comprised 1,455 players within 9 and 19-year-old. Variables included birth semester, gender, sports category, number of recruitments, geographical region. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model. The results found that early-birth players had a better chance to be recruited for state athletic teams u13 than late-birth ones. Players u15 and u17 had similar chances. Further, u13 and u15 players linked to the northern region for Brazil and in cities with very high Human Development Index (HDI) and medium-sized cities had a better recruitment chance for state team. Results may be employed by coaches, recruiters and headhunters, since variables associated to RAE may affect the state team and players´ performance throughout the process of sports formation. Removing the influence of relative age-related differences is predicted to improve the accuracy of identifying skilled players. Resumen. El efecto de la edad relativa (RAE) ha sido objeto de estudio por parte de investigadores que buscan comprender el desempeño en el deporte. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el predominio del efecto de la edad relativa (RAE) en jugadores de baloncesto, verificando si los jugadores de nacimiento temprano y las características del lugar donde estaban insertos inciden en el probable reclutamiento para equipos deportivos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1.455 jugadores de entre 9 y 19 años. Las variables incluyeron semestre de nacimiento, género, categoría deportiva, número de reclutamientos, región geográfica. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y modelo de regresión logística binaria. Los resultados encontrados demostraron que los jugadores de nacimiento temprano tenían mayores posibilidades de ser reclutados para equipos atléticos estatales sub13 que los de nacimiento tardío. Los jugadores sub15 y sub17 tuvieron oportunidades similares. Además, los jugadores sub13 y sub15 vinculados a la región norte de Brasil y en ciudades com alto Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) y ciudades medianas, tuvieron mayores oportunidades de ser reclutados para el equipo estatal. Los resultados pueden ser empleados por entrenadores, reclutadores y cazatalentos, ya que las variables asociadas al RAE pueden afectar el desempeño del equipo estatal y de los jugadores a lo largo del proceso de formación deportiva. Se prevé que al eliminar la influencia de las diferencias relativas relacionadas con la edad mejorará la precisión en la identificación de jugadores habilidosos.

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Identifying talented track and field athletes: The impact of relative age effect on selection to the Spanish National Athletics Federation training camps

Journal of Sports Sciences ◽

10.1080/02640414.2016.1260151 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (22) ◽

pp. 2172-2178 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Javier Brazo-Sayavera ◽

María Asunción Martínez-Valencia ◽

Lisa Müller ◽

Georgios Andronikos ◽

Russell J. J. Martindale

Keyword(s):

Age Effect ◽

Track And Field ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

The Impact

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Relative Age Effect and Long-Term Success in the Spanish Soccer and Basketball National Teams

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2018-0027 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 197-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Cristina López de Subijana ◽

Jorge Lorenzo

Keyword(s):

Selection Process ◽

Age Effect ◽

Basketball Players ◽

National Team ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Premier League ◽

Talent Selection

AbstractThe aims of this study were: i) to analyze whether relative age effect occurs in the athletes of the junior national teams and professional athletes in Spain in general and in soccer and basketball, and ii) to compare the long-term success of the players selected for the junior national team between these sports. The samples for this study were Spanish professional soccer (n = 461) and basketball (n = 250) players in the 2013-2014 premier league and players from the junior Spanish soccer (i.e., n = 273; U-17: n = 107; U-19: n = 166) and basketball (i.e., n = 240; U-18: n = 120, U-16: n = 120) teams that classified to play in the European Championships (from 2004 to 2013). Junior players (42.3%) were more frequently born in the 1st quarter of the year than the professional players (30.7%) (χ2(3) = 30.07; p = .001; Vc = .157). This was found in both basketball (χ2(3) = 12.2.; p = .007; Vc = .158) and soccer (χ2(3) = 20.13; p < .001; Vc = .166). Long-term success is more frequent in soccer, where 59.9% of the juniors selected for the national team played later in the premier league, while in basketball that percentage was 39.6% (χ2(1) = 14.64; p < .001; Vc = .201). On the other hand, 79.4% and 39.8% of the professional soccer and basketball players had been previously selected for junior national teams (χ2(1) = 60.2; p < .001; Vc = .386), respectively. The talent selection process should be reviewed as players born in the second half of the year have fewer opportunities to stand out.

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Prevalence and Impact of the Relative Age Effect on Competition Performance in Swimming: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182010561 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 10561

Author(s):

Jorge Lorenzo-Calvo ◽

Alfonso de la Rubia ◽

Daniel Mon-López ◽

Monica Hontoria-Galán ◽

Moises Marquina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Age Effect ◽

Average Score ◽

Competitive Swimming ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact ◽

Effective Design

This systematic review aimed to examine the prevalence of the relative age effect (RAE) in swimming and its impact on competition performance according to different types of interacting constraints. A systematic literature search, following the PRISMA guidelines for preparing systematic reviews, was performed through four electronic databases, and nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The quality of the selected studies was evaluated using STROBE, and an average score of 16.2 points was obtained. In these studies, the prevalence of the RAE in swimming was observed in more than half (58.65%) of the participants analysed, and the effect of the RAE was more accentuated in young categories (decreased as age increased and was inverted in older ones) and in male swimmers (double that in female swimmers).The impact of the RAE on competitive performance appeared to be related to the strength demands of the event, as the performance in simultaneous strokes, in shorter events, and of swimmers in the postadolescence period seems to be more affected by the RAE. These results indicate that the RAE in competitive swimming relies on individual and environmental (the swimmer’s age group and gender) but also task (the competitive events) determinants or limitations. This should serve as a guide for a more effective design of selection and development procedures for young athletes.

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RELATIVE AGE EFFECT AMONG YOUNG CROATIAN TAEKWONDO COMPETITORS

Acta kinesiologica ◽

10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.11 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 86-89

Author(s):

Matej Babić ◽

Dražen Čular ◽

Igor Jelaska

Keyword(s):

Age Effect ◽

Chi Square ◽

Weight Category ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Age Range ◽

Effect Of Age ◽

Selection Of

Aim of this research was to identify and analyse relative age effect (RAE) on sample composed of young Croatian taekwondo competitors. In order with aim of research, for medal winners (n1=72) and other competitors (n2=187) who competed at Croatian taekwondo cadet championship 2015, date of birth, weight category and sport success were extracted. By conducting of Chi-square test on all competitors (n=259) it is proven there is non-significant difference (χ2=12.28; p=0.34) between expected and observed frequencies according to month of birth. Furthermore, significant difference between observed and expected frequencies according to year of birth of medal winners (χ2=45.31; p<0.01) is confirmed. Results of this research are pointing on presence of RAE which could lead to mistakes in selection of young athletes. Authors are suggesting to minimize allowed age range for competition, or to separate competitors in more age categories, which would enable more equal competitions and reduce effect of age on sport success.

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The Relative Age Effect in Czech U14 Male and Female Tennis Players in 2007–2016

Studia sportiva ◽

10.5817/sts2021-2-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 50-60

Author(s):

Roman Koloničný

Keyword(s):

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Age Effect ◽

Goodness Of Fit Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Male And Female ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

Junior Tennis ◽

The Impact

The issue of the Relative Age Effect (RAE) has been long researched, discussed and published both in the academic and coaching community and the number of studies on it in various sports has significantly grown in recent years. The aim of this study was to verify the existence of RAE among Czech male (n = 6552) and female (n = 4131) junior tennis players and to identify possible differences in birthdate effect between male and female players. The research was carried out in players registered in the years 2007–2016 in the U14 age category in Czech Tennis Association (CTA) database; the athletes were divided into three subgroups (‘Ranked’, ‘Top 100’, ‘Top 10’). Research data were analysed by the methods of descriptive and inferential statistics: relative and absolute frequency, chi-square goodness of fit test () and chi-square test of independence () with the use of effect size (ES index w). A declining tendency of frequencies from Q1 to Q4 between male and female junior players was proven in all three subgroups.In the whole period of 2007–2016, a significant and strong RAE was demonstrated only in the ‘Top 10’ male subgroup (RAE was significant and ES was small or trivial in the other two subgroups). Among the female players, RAE was significant in all three subgroups (ES was small or trivial). Gender differences in RAE in favour of male players were significant in ‘Top 100’ and ‘Ranked’ (ES was small or trivial in all three subgroups). In the short and long term, RAE can have significant implications for the sport development of athletes; both coaches and the professional public can therefore be recommended to pay attention to this issue. The impact of RAE in sport, i.e. the uneven distribution of athletes’ birthdates, is more pronounced especially among junior athletes and often significantly affects their sports development and career.

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Competition Experience, Relative Age Effect and Average Age of the Senior World Events’ Medal-Winning Basketball Players

Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Educatio Artis Gymnasticae ◽

10.24193/subbeag.65(3).18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 5-18

Author(s):

Zsombor Zilinyi ◽

Ágoston Nagy ◽

Tamás Sterbenz

Keyword(s):

Age Effect ◽

Head Coaches ◽

Key Factors ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Association Coefficient ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

Talent Selection ◽

Other World ◽

Set Up

"The International Basketball Federation (FIBA) has changed its youth competition system in 2004, and due to this regulation, many players had the chance to compete every year at youth level and later, to elevate to the top. The purpose of our study was to inspect those medal-winning European basketball players who competed in the past 19 senior basketball world events. We analysed the tendencies of selection by dissecting the set-up of successful senior national teams. We investigated each one of the 281 European basketball players who won a medal during the analysed period (2000-2019). We collected data from the archive page of FIBA. Our goal was to see whether there was a relation between the youth competition experience and the minutes spent in senior world events. We used the Cramer Association Coefficient, Relative Age Effect and average age were also inspected. We found that participation in the national youth tournaments is important but not the most exclusive factor of selection. There are opportunities for success in the adult national teams for players who have covered alternative sports careers – the factor of national youth experience is not exclusive. We suppose that head coaches utilize older and more experienced players on the Olympic Games, the average ages of successful Olympic medal-winner teams are higher than other world events’ medallists. Despite the fact that we were not able to find statistically proven and associative relationship between national youth recruitment eligibility and the minutes in game spent by successful adult players, further research could be gap fillers in exploring key factors in adulthood efficiency. Keywords: talent selection, competition experience, FIBA, basketball players, sport career."

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The Impact of Relative Age Effect on Mathematics Achievement

International Education Studies ◽

10.5539/ies.v12n6p39 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Ali Ünal

Keyword(s):

Mathematics Achievement ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Age Effect ◽

Mathematics Scores ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

Service Training ◽

Honors Classes ◽

The Impact ◽

Timss 2015

The timing of children’s start to school is the interest of researchers, policy-makers and especially parents. Researches on this issue have recently pointed to the concept of relative age effect (RAE). The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of RAE on mathematics achievement in Turkey. In order to accomplish this purpose, the question was sought: Does RAE have an impact on TIMSS 2015 the fourth and eighth grades mathematics scores of Turkey? The research was conducted in survey model. In the present study, the data obtained from the TIMSS 2015 results of Turkey was used. Totally 6456 students were sampled for TIMSS 2015 the fourth grade in 242 schools. Also, totally 6079 students (2943 girls and 3136 boys) were sampled for TIMSS 2015 the eighth grade in 218 schools. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. In conclusion, it has been reached that RAE has an impact on TIMSS 2015 the fourth and eighth grades mathematics scores of Turkey and the youngest children born just before the cut-off date has the worst performance. The recommendations based on the results have been submitted as making the enrollment dates more flexible, especially for children in rural areas, not applying honors classes in schools, raising awareness about RAE in pre-service and in-service training programs for teachers, no pressure on children at home and at school for their lagging in competition.

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Efeito da idade relativa no Campeonato Brasileiro de Basquete: Categoria sub-15

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n5p526 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 526

Author(s):

Helder Zimmermann de Oliveira ◽

Dilson Borges Ribeiro Junior ◽

Jeferson Macedo Vianna ◽

Francisco Zacaron Werneck

Keyword(s):

Age Effect ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Male Athletes ◽

Relative Age ◽

Relative Age Effect ◽

And Performance ◽

Age Category

In sport, the relative age effect (RAE) refers to the advantages of participation and performance that athletes born in the first months of the selection year have in relation to those within the same age category. The aim of the present study was to investigate the RAE in athletes of the Brazilian Basketball Championship of the U-15 category in 2015, analyzing differences between sexes, geographic region, competitive level and performance of teams. The information of teams and the birth quarter (quartile) of 530 basketball players were obtained through the website of the Brazilian Basketball Confederation. The results showed greater representation of male athletes born in the first months of the year, the first and second divisions, of the Southeastern, Northern and Mid-Western regions and in female medalists. It was concluded that the RAE is present in Brazilian U-15 male basketball players, being higher in athletes of higher competitive level, particularly in the Southeastern, Northern and Mid-Western regions of Brazil. In addition, RAE proved to be associated with the winning of women’s medals.

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