scholarly journals Rainfall Variability related to Global Climate Change: Its Effects on the Economic Activities in the North-Eastern Part of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manko Rose Rindap ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern Part

Regional Governance of Global Climate Change: The North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele M. Betsill
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
North American ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Environmental Cooperation ◽  
Climate Governance ◽  
The North

Over the past decade the governance of global climate change has evolved into a complex, multi-level process involving actors and initiatives at multiple levels of social organization from the global to the local in both the public and private spheres. This article analyzes the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) as one component of this multilevel governance system. Specifically, it evaluates the CEC as a site of regional climate governance based on three potential advantages of governance through regional organizations: a small number of actors, opportunities for issue linkage, and linkage between national and global governance systems. On each count I find that the benefits of a CEC-based climate governance system are limited and argue for greater consideration of how such a system would interact with other forms of climate governance in North America.

scholarly journals Effect of Precipitation and Nitrogen Input on Soil Respiration in Grasslands

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Hema Singh ◽  
Swati Mishra ◽  
Talat Afreen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Antecedent Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
N Input

Nowadays soil respiration has become an important issue in research. Measurement of soil respiration helps in determining the carbon budget under the influence of global climate change. Rainfall variability and nitrogen (N) input both have a profound impact on soil respiration and its components, i.e. autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration. Besides, soil respiration also shows considerable change due to global warming. According to emissions scenario, the elevated CO2 concentration would increase the soil surface temperature by 2oC in the coming 35 years which may lead to huge C-losses to the atmosphere. Such carbon losses to the atmosphere would aggravate the effects of global warming on the human race. Although some progress had been made in soil respiration research about rainfall variability and N-input, there are discrepancies in the results. But despite considerable scientific attention in recent years, there is no consensus on the direction and magnitude of warming-induced changes in soil carbon. Soil respiration changes with climate but to confirm it observationally have big constraints such as high spatial variability in soil respiration, inaccessibility of the soil medium and inability of the instruments to measure soil respiration on large scales. Further, most of the soil respiration studies about rainfall variability and N-input have been conducted in temperate regions, and tropics have remained ignored. Though tropical countries have not yet experienced the extreme variations in rainfall, still under the ongoing climate change the tropical region would also start to experience altered rainfall regimes. Rainfall variability and N-input are the consequences of intense global climate change and industrialisation, respectively. There are reports from grasslands that the antecedent soil moisture determines the strength of the effect of rainfall on soil respiration. N-input is reported to increase soil respiration only when water addition accompanied it. Further, the effect of N-input on soil respiration was different for the short term and long term addition of nitrogen. Likewise many ecosystem warming experiments suggest that warming increases the carbon fluxes to and from the soil, but the net global balance between these responses is uncertain.

scholarly journals Disciplinary Technologies of Microfinance: Fictitious Proximity, Visibility and Surveillance in Rural Microfinance in Bangladesh

Sociologus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
A. H. M. Belayeth Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Financial Success ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Loan Officers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
North Eastern Part

Abstract In this paper, I delve into governmental and disciplinary technologies in microfinance practice. I aim to reveal the disciplinary and governmental powers that guarantee proper repayment of debt in state- and NGO-sponsored microfinance programmes. Using Foucault’s notion of conduct of conduct, I uncover how loan officers consistently maintain meticulous control over borrowers and assure a docility-utility relationship. Based on seven months of fieldwork on rural microfinance in the North-eastern part of Bangladesh, I reveal the strategic relationship of loan officers and borrowers, the loan officers’ techniques of recording and reporting borrowers, the methods of differentiating good and bad borrowers, the practices of putting special attention on particular borrowers, and surveillance processes over borrowers’ family and economic activities. While microfinance programmes are repeatedly hailed as an effective measure of development policy, this empirical research in Bangladesh arrives at a different result: A high extent of governing and disciplinary behaviours are present in microfinance programmes. As a result, financial success is ensured through proper debt repayments.

Der Treibhauseffekt im Spannungsverhältnis der Nord-Süd-Beziehungen

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Raimund Bleischwitz ◽  
Martina Etzbach
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Economic Implication ◽  
Climate Research ◽  
The North ◽  
International Climate Policy ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Global Environmental Policy ◽  
International Climate

Abstract Raimund Bleischwitz and Martina Etzbach respond to the question how the global warming foracested by climate research will change the relations between the North and the South. After a description of ecological and socio-economic implication of the potential catastrophy of a global climate change the authors discuss possible instrument of an international climate policy. The considerations focus on institutional problems, especially on possible actors and borlies responsible for a global environmental policy.

scholarly journals Quantifying Early Indicators of Global Climate Change

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
Diane Debinski
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
The North ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Montane Meadows ◽  
Associated Species

One of the more significant voids remaining in our scientific understanding of global climate change is the relationship between climate change and the resulting changes expected in ecological communities. Because a large proportion of the North American landscape has been modified by human activities, it is difficult to assess whether ecological changes are being caused by human activities or climate change. Thus, we must look to landscapes where the modification has been less severe. One of the most pristine landscapes in North America where scientists can study natural processes is that of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Within this system some of the more sensitive habitats are the montane meadows. These habitats exist along a continuum from very dry (xeric) sagebrush meadows, to flowering (mesic) meadows, to wet (hydric) sedge meadows. Because of the relatively short growing season, species in these meadows can exhibit quick changes in distribution and abundance relative to climatic changes. My research uses satellite images and field surveys to evaluate how meadow habitats and their associated species respond to interannual changes in precipitation and soil moisture. I am examining the plant and butterfly communities to measure the response. Over 100 species of butterflies occur in this area and many are closely associated with specific types of meadows. This research is significant because it will provide an early warning system for assessing the effects of climate change. Documenting changes in montane meadows will assist in understanding how climate change may affect more highly managed areas of the globe.

scholarly journals Assessment of coastal vulnerability to climate change hazards at the regional scale: the case study of the North Adriatic Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2347-2368 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Torresan ◽  
A. Critto ◽  
J. Rizzi ◽  
A. Marcomini
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
The North ◽  
North Adriatic Sea

Abstract. Sea level rise, changes in storms and wave climate as a consequence of global climate change are expected to increase the size and magnitude of flooded and eroding coastal areas, thus having profound impacts on coastal communities and ecosystems. River deltas, beaches, estuaries and lagoons are considered particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, which should be studied at the regional/local scale. This paper presents a regional vulnerability assessment (RVA) methodology developed to analyse site-specific spatial information on coastal vulnerability to the envisaged effects of global climate change, and assist coastal communities in operational coastal management and conservation. The main aim of the RVA is to identify key vulnerable receptors (i.e. natural and human ecosystems) in the considered region and localize vulnerable hot spot areas, which could be considered as homogeneous geographic sites for the definition of adaptation strategies. The application of the RVA methodology is based on a heterogeneous subset of bio-geophysical and socio-economic vulnerability indicators (e.g. coastal topography, geomorphology, presence and distribution of vegetation cover, location of artificial protection), which are a measure of the potential harm from a range of climate-related impacts (e.g. sea level rise inundation, storm surge flooding, coastal erosion). Based on a system of numerical weights and scores, the RVA provides relative vulnerability maps that allow to prioritize more vulnerable areas and targets of different climate-related impacts in the examined region and to support the identification of suitable areas for human settlements, infrastructures and economic activities, providing a basis for coastal zoning and land use planning. The implementation, performance and results of the methodology for the coastal area of the North Adriatic Sea (Italy) are fully described in the paper.

scholarly journals Climate Change Impact and Conservation on Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 3789-3792
Author(s):  
Diwaker Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
The North ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The One ◽  
Western Great Plains

Climate-Change affecting unfavorably because of upward push in worldwide temperature alteration and that too alarmingly. Ancient Air bubbles buried in Antarctic Ice to shed more light on Global Warming. It has happened in the North-Atlantic and may happen again. According to scientists, a dangerous atmospheric deviation could prompt prolonged chill and move the Earth towards a brand new age and a new defined climate that would be an effect of the worldwide environmental change. On such conditions James White, a geography educator at Colorado University, Boulder, not engaged with the investigation, said that albeit the ice-age proof showed that degrees of CO2 and further ozone harming substances rose and fell in reaction to heating and cooling , the gases could clearly take the lead as well. Global Climate withinside the fresh past: In the 90’s decades there has stood an experience and witnessing of the extremes of various weather events. In the warmer temperature of century was recorded and a share of the majority noticeably terrible floods all in the course of the planet. The one such inconstancy is the staggering dry period in the Sahel-area which lies in South-of-Sahara desert, from 1967-1977. During the 1930’s there were severe drought that occurred in the south-western Great Plains of the U.S which was described as DUST BOWL. The after-effects of the Global-Climate-Change are severe and tell us about the various impacts. They are:- A. Crop yield or Crop failures, B. Floods, C. Migration of people. These are various influences of the Global-Climate-Change that effect the biosphere from many ways as Climate-Change directly affects the biosphere which is the only sphere wherein lifestyle exists and where life can exist.

scholarly journals Las potencias medias en la arquitectura climática global: la hibridación de la brecha Norte-Sur.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Pilar Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Basic Group ◽  
Climate Division ◽  
The North ◽  
Analytical Category

The aim of this contribution is to analyze in what sense the BASIC modify global climate change architecture, focusing on the North-South climate division and its persistence as an analytical category. The hypothesis is that the BASIC group tends to hybridize the North-South climate division as a result of the discord generated by their positions in contrast to the G77.

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