scholarly journals Does Culture Matter in Economic Behavior?

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward O'Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Mainstream Economics ◽  
The One

In this article we address the following question: does culture play a role in economic behavior? We conclude that culture influences economic behavior in all three areas of economic activity: work, consumption, and leisure. Our proof lies not so much in replicating certain experimental results, but in documenting in real-world circumstances how culture influences economic behavior. Attention to the role of culture in economic affairs acknowledges that humans are more than the one-dimensional, autonomous, individuals, as premised in mainstream economics, whose very existence is temporal, whose role in economic affairs is strictly instrumental, and whose behavior is virtually the same across cultures. We have argued that humans are two-dimensional twice over. First, humans are individual beings and social beings: solitary and communal, self-made and culture-bound, autonomous and dependent, rational and emotional, self-centered and other-centered. Second, humans are both matter and spirit. The duality of the human person, rooted in individuality and sociality, affords an opportunity to unify economic theory wherein individuality is the focus of microeconomics and sociality is the center of macroeconomics. Putting the isolated individual at the very heart of economics closes down that opportunity and assures that mainstream economic theory will remain truncated indefinitely. The makeover of mainstream economics will take place once neo-classical economists accept that the ultimate end of economic systems relates not to maximum personal net advantage but to integral human development.

Economic development as a change of qualitatively different systems of social and economic relations: To a critique of “pan-institutionalism” and “ideational” approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandеr V. Buzgalin ◽  
Andrey I. Kolganov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Positive Potential ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The paper shows that now the mainstream of the economic theory is in crisis losing the heuristic potential. There is some positive potential of the institutional approach that is close to (without admitting it) a number of methodological approaches in Marxist political economy (allocation of objective determinants of economic behavior, an implied confession of existence of similar economic systems, emphasis on property relations, etc.) and goes farther than neoclassics. The “ failures” of institutionalism are specified, and it is emphasized that in a number of points (especially, in exaggerating the role of institutions — political, in particular — as bases of economic changes) the criticism of R. I. Kapelyushnikov’s “pan-institutionalism” is justified but positive proposals of the author, the “ideational” approach, are themselves subject to criticism. The conclusion is drawn that active discussions concerning the methodology and paradigmatic foundations bases of economic theory are on the agenda.

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Zoran Ivić ◽  
Željko Pržulj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Effective Mass ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Interchain Coupling ◽  
Large Polaron ◽  
The One

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals We study the large polaron whose motion is confined to a single chain in a system composed of the collection of parallel molecular chains embedded in threedimensional lattice. It is found that the interchain coupling has a significant impact on the large polaron characteristics. In particular, its radius is quite larger while its effective mass is considerably lighter than that estimated within the one-dimensional models. We believe that our findings should be taken into account for the proper understanding of the possible role of large polarons in the charge and energy transfer in quasi-one-dimensional substances.

Ruling Regions, Exploiting Resources

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mattingly
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Roman Economy ◽  
Roman Imperialism ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
Global And Local

In recent years, debate has started to explore the tensions between global and local aspects of the Roman economic world. This chapter argues that the Roman economy is not only best understood as an agglomeration of globalized regional economies but that we can also define a series of major mechanisms at work that governed discrete areas of economic activity. In particular, it focuses on the role of the state as a motor of economic activity through its status as an imperial power. It constructs some simple models built around colonial discourse analysis, rather than complex economic theory. The main purpose of this chapter is not to outline a new general model for the Roman economy but to reignite debate about the economic face of Roman imperialism.

The role of the geoid in one-, two-, and three-dimensional network adjustments

CISM journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Sideris
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Deflections Of The Vertical ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
The One ◽  
2D And 3D

The geoid and its horizontal derivatives, the deflections of the vertical, play an important role in the adjustment of geodetic networks. In the one-dimensional (1D) case, represented typically by networks of orthometric heights, the geoid provides the reference surface for the measurements. In the two-dimensional (2D) adjustment of horizontal control networks, the geoidal undulations N and deflections of the vertical ξ, η are needed for the reduction of the measured quantities onto the reference ellipsoid. In the three-dimensional (3D) adjustment, N and ξ, η are basically required to relate geodetic and astronomic quantities. The paper presents the major gravimetric methods currently used for predicting ξ, η and N, and briefly intercompares them in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and data required. The effects of N, ξ, η on various quantities used in the ID, 2D, and 3D network adjustments are described explicitly for each case and formulas are given for the errors introduced by either neglecting or using erroneous N, ξ, η in the computational procedures.

scholarly journals Some Fallacies in Agricultural Economics: A Macroeconomic Interpretation

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Belongia ◽  
Douglas Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Macroeconomic Theory ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The One ◽  
Monetary And Fiscal Policy

The relevance of macroeconomic theory to the analysis of economic behavior in the agricultural sector is a recurring theme in applied research in this area. On the one hand, it is possible to find the view that the agricultural sector should be treated in isolation as an independent market or set of markets not subject to the influences of changes in monetary and fiscal policy or (other) changes in aggregate demand and supply. On the other hand, it is also possible to find literal acceptance of the usefulness of macroeconomics—perhaps in the form of a particular version of the theory—with the controversial part surfacing in the particular view of macroeconomics and how it bears on (and is influenced by) agricultural markets. The fact that this dichotomy exists is highlighted by the contrasting views expressed recently by Breimyer (1981) and Tweeten. At the same time that Breimyer advocated that “macro-economics should be struck from the lexicon,” Tweeten chose to devote his AAEA Presidential address to a discussion of the implications of current developments in macroeconomic theory and policy for the agricultural sector; his particular emphasis is on the important role of “supply-side” macroeconomics.

Prediction and economic theory

1986 ◽  
Vol 407 (1832) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The One ◽  
Fundamental Tension ◽  
Theory Use

The role of prediction in economics involves a fundamental tension. On the one hand, much of economics is concerned with prediction. On the other, economic predictions are notoriously unreliable. It is, in fact, tempting to see the economist as the trapeze-performer who tends to miss the cross-bar, or as the jockey who keeps falling off his horse. Whether or not such characterization is fair, there can be no doubt that the nature and genesis of this fundamental tension, and its implications, do call for systematic analysis and assessment. The aim of this paper is to attempt a brief examination of these issues. There is a sequence of questions to be faced. How central is prediction to economics ? Why are economic predictions so difficult ? What techni­ques does economic theory use to cope with these difficulties ? Are these techniques sound ? How does economic theory relate to practice ? I shall take up these questions in turn.

THE ROLE OF QUASI-ONE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES IN HIGH-Tc SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

1989 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. BOGOLIUBOV ◽  
V. E. KOREPIN
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Critical Exponents ◽  
Electron Tunneling ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
High Tc ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The One

The critical exponents describing the decrease of correlation functions on long distances for the one-dimensional Hubbard model is obtained. The behaviour of correlators shows that Cooper pairs of electrons are formed. The electron tunneling between the chains leads to the existence of the anomalous mean values and to the superconductive current. The anisotropy of the quasi-one-dimensional system leads to the rise of critical temperature T c .

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