EFFECT OF SALINITY OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON GROWTH, TRANSLOCATION AND ACCUMULATION OF 45CA IN BUTTERHEAD LETTUCE

Hydroponic systems in plant factories can be categorized into recirculating or noncirculating systems. In this study, the effects of various commercially available circulation pumps, including a centrifugal magnetic drive pump, a regenerative self-priming pump, and a submersible pump, were experimentally explored. In addition, the effects of an ultraviolet sterilization system on the ion concentrations in nutrient solutions were examined. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, nitrate, sulfate, and ferric (Fe3+) ions in the nutrient solution were measured. For all three types of pumps, the results indicated that there was no significant effect on the concentrations of ions in the nutrient solution. However, the concentration of Fe3+ ions decreased significantly after the nutrient solution was treated by a ultraviolet sterilization system for 48 hours. In addition, the effects of the three types of pumps on the growth of butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were examined. The temperature records during the pump circulation tests showed that the nutrient solution temperature of the regenerative self-priming pump increased by 15.5 °C (from 20.5 to 36 °C), which caused yellow seedling, scorching on the leaves, and browning of the roots. The ion concentration in the nutrient solutions and total fresh weight of butterhead lettuce did not show any noticeable difference between the centrifugal magnetic drive pump and the submersible pump. In this paper, we clarify the cause of the decreasing iron concentration and provide a guideline for selecting the pump for circulating hydroponic systems in plant factories.

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Iron Biofortification of Red and Green Pigmented Lettuce in Closed Soilless Cultivation Impacts Crop Performance and Modulates Mineral and Bioactive Composition

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9060290 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 290 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maria Giordano ◽

Christophe El-Nakhel ◽

Antonio Pannico ◽

Marios C. Kyriacou ◽

Silvia Rita Stazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Acids ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Functional Quality ◽

Cultivar Selection ◽

Butterhead Lettuce ◽

Fresh Products

Consumer demand for vegetables of fortified mineral and bioactive content is on the rise, driven by the growing interest of society in fresh products of premium nutritional and functional quality. Biofortification of leafy vegetables with essential micronutrients such as iron (Fe) is an efficient means to address the human micronutrient deficiency known as hidden hunger. Morphometric analysis, lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacities of green and red butterhead lettuce cultivars in response to Fe concentration in the nutrient solution (0.015 control, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mM Fe) were assessed. The experiment was carried out in a controlled-environment growth chamber using a closed soilless system (nutrient film technique). The percentage of yield reduction in comparison to the control treatment was 5.7%, 13.5% and 25.3% at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM Fe, respectively. Irrespective of the cultivar, the addition of 1.0 mM or 2.0 mM Fe in the nutrient solution induced an increase in the Fe concentration of lettuce leaves by 20.5% and 53.7%, respectively. No significant effects of Fe application on phenolic acids and carotenoid profiles were observed in green Salanova. Increasing Fe concentration in the nutrient solution to 0.5 mM triggered a spike in chlorogenic acid and total phenolics in red Salanova lettuce by 110.1% and 29.1% compared with the control treatment, respectively; moreover, higher accumulation of caffeoyl meso tartaric phenolic acid by 31.4% at 1.0 mM Fe and of carotenoids violaxanthin, neoxanthin and β-carotene by 37.0% at 2.0 mM Fe were also observed in red Salanova compared with the control (0.015 mM Fe) treatment. Red Salanova exhibited higher yield, P and K contents, ascorbic acid, phenolic acids and carotenoid compounds than green Salanova. The wok shows how nutrient solution management in soilless culture could serve as effective cultural practices for producing Fe-enriched lettuce of premium quality, notwithstanding cultivar selection being a critical underlying factor for obtaining high quality products.

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Yield and Nutrients Leaf Content of Butterhead Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) in Response to Fish Nutrient Solution in a Small Scale of Aquaponic Systems

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology ◽

10.12912/27197050/141524 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 85-94

Author(s):

Abdel Razzaq Al Tawaha ◽

Puteri Edaroyati Megat Wahab ◽

Hawa Binti Jaafar ◽

Ali Tan Kee Zuan ◽

Mohd Zafri Hassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Small Scale ◽

Butterhead Lettuce

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The Strength of the Nutrient Solution Modulates the Functional Profile of Hydroponically Grown Lettuce in a Genotype-Dependent Manner

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9091156 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Biancamaria Senizza ◽

Leilei Zhang ◽

Begoña Miras-Moreno ◽

Laura Righetti ◽

Gokhan Zengin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Functional Features ◽

Butterhead Lettuce ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Hydroponically Grown ◽

Functional Components

Considering that functional components of plant foods are mainly secondary-metabolism products, we investigated the shaping of health-promoting compounds in hydroponically grown butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata) as a function of the strength of the nutrient solution utilized. To this aim, untargeted metabolomics profiling, in vitro antioxidant capacity (total phenolics, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays), and the inhibition of selected enzyme activities were investigated in two butterhead lettuce cultivars with different pigmentation, i.e., green and red Salanova. Full-strength nutrition, together with half- and quarter-strength solutions of macronutrients, was tested. Our results indicate that by reducing the nutrients strength, we could elicit a distinctive shaping of the phenolic profile of lettuce. It is noteworthy that only specific classes of phenolics (namely, lignans and phenolic acids, followed by flavones and anthocyanins) were modulated by the induction of nutritional eustress (fold-change values in the range between −5 and +11). This indicates that specific responses, rather than a generalized induction of phenolic compounds, could be observed. Nonetheless, a genotype-dependent response could be observed, with the red cultivar being much more responsive to nutritional deprivation than the green Salanova lettuce. Indeed, analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed a genotype x nutrition interaction in red Salanova (p < 0.001). As a consequence of the changes in phenolic composition, also the antioxidant capacity (p < 0.001) and amylase inhibition (p < 0.001) properties were affected by the growing conditions. However, the effect on cholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibition was poorly affected by the nutritional strength. Provided that yields are not compromised, the application of a controlled nutritional eustress in hydroponically cultivated lettuce may represent a valuable strategy to produce food with tailored functional features in a sustainable manner.

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Effect of concentration of nutrient solution and aeration on growth and dry matter partitioning in hydroponically grown young tomato plants.

Environment Control in Biology ◽

10.2525/ecb1963.29.27 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 27-33

Author(s):

Soung Han CHI ◽

Yutaka SHINOHARA ◽

Yoshio SUZUKI

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Hydroponically Grown

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NITROGEN NUTRITION OF CITRUS NURSERY STOCK IN PINE BARK SUBSTRATES.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1161f ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1161f-1161

Author(s):

John D. Lea-Cox ◽

Irwin E. Smith

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Nitrogen Nutrition ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Growing Period ◽

Rough Lemon ◽

Nursery Stock ◽

Citrus Rootstock ◽

Cleopatra Mandarin ◽

Nutrient Solutions

Pine bark is utilized as a substrate in citrus nurseries in South Africa. The Nitrogen (N) content of pine bark is inherently low, and due to the volubility of N, must be supplied on a continual basis to ensure optimum growth rates of young citrus nursery stock. Three citrus rootstock (rough lemon, carrizo citrange and cleopatra mandarin) showed no difference in stem diameter or total dry mass (TDM) when supplied N at concentrations between 25 and 200 mg ·l-1 N in the nutrient solution over a 12 month growing period. Free leaf arginine increased when N was supplied at 400 mg·l-1 N. The form of N affected the growth of rough lemon. High NH4-N:NO3-N (75:25) ratios decreased TDM when Sulfur (S) was absent from the nutrient solution, but not if S was present. Free arginine increased in leaves at high NH4-N (No S) ratios, but not at high NH4-N (S supplied) ratios. Free leaf arginine was correlated with free leaf ammonia. These results have important implications for reducing the concentration of N in nutrient solutions used in citrus nurseries and may indicate that higher NH4-N ratios can be used when adequate S is also supplied.

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Hydroponic Greenhouse Production of Fresh-market Basil in Colorado

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.480f ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 480f-481

Author(s):

C. Elizabeth Succop ◽

Steven E. Newman

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Root Zone ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Organic Solution ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Greenhouse Production ◽

Raised Bed ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Organic Produce

Fresh-market basil has become a viable greenhouse commodity in Colorado. Marketing pressures and profit advantages also encourage the production of certified organic produce. The research objectives were to determine the length of time basil plants were productive in the greenhouse and to compare the production of fresh-market basil grown with three root zone systems and two fertilizer treatments. The three systems were hydroponic rockwool slab culture, hydroponic perlite raised bed culture, and hydroponic peat/perlite/compost bag culture. The two types of hydroponic fertilizer treatments were a salt-based formulated nutrient solution and an organic solution consisting of fermented poultry compost, hydrolized fish emulsion, and soluble kelp. The plants were harvested once per week for fresh weight determination. The results from the two runs show greater productivity for the plants in the perlite system as well as the bag mix system when fertilized with the organic fertilizer compared to salt-based fertilizer. However, productivity of the plants in the rockwool system was greater with the salt-based treatment compared to the organic treatment.

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Irrigation of Geraniums with an Automatic Controlled Water Table System

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.522d ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 522d-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.W. Buxton ◽

D.L. Ingram ◽

Wenwei Jia

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Water Table ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Central Area ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Trickle Irrigation ◽

Run Off ◽

Optimum Water

Geraniums in 15-cm pots were irrigated automatically for 8 weeks with a Controlled Water Table (CWT) irrigation system. Plants were irrigated with a nutrient solution supplied by a capillary mat with one end of the mat suspended in a trough below the bottom of the pot. The nutrient solution remained at a constant level in the trough. Nutrient solution removed from the trough was immediately replaced from a larger reservoir. The vertical distance from the surface of the nutrient solution and the bottom of the pot determined the water/air ratio and water potential in the growing media. Treatments consisted of placing pots at 0, 2, 4, and 6 cm above the nutrient solution. Control plants were irrigated as needed with a trickle irrigation system. Geraniums grown at 0,2 and 4 CWT were ≈25% larger than the control plants and those grown at 6 CWT as measured by dry weight and leaf area. Roots of plants grown at 0 CWT were concentrated in the central area of the root ball; whereas roots of plants in other treatments were located more near the bottom of the pot. Advantages of the CWT system include: Plant controlled automatic irrigation; no run off; optimum water/air ratio.

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