Where Mayos Meet Mestizos: A Model for the Social Structure of Culture Contact

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Crumrine ◽  
Lynne Crumrine
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Culture Contact ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contact Situation

Even though a great deal has been written about culture change and the conditions and social structure of culture contact, many anthropologists are dissatisfied concerning the progress in culture change studies, as has been recently noted by Robert B. Taylor. It is his fundamental question - "Why do participants of given cultures react as they do to customs which are new to them?" - that we wish to consider here. We hypothesize that part of the reaction relates to the type of social conditions existing between or among the societies in contact. Types of social interaction affect information transference and acceptance or rejection of innovation. In other words, the social structure of culture contact is of utmost importance in the consideration of this question. Whether Mayo Indians of Sonora, Mexico accept innovations from mestizo society depends in part upon the social structure forming opportunities for Mayos to meet mestizos. Adequate social integration forms a necessary, though perhaps not sufficient condition for the acceptance of outside innovation. Obviously, the structure of Mayo culture is also of great importance in the evaluation of the usefulness and acceptability of the innovation. However, here we will discuss only the character of the necessary condition: social integration within the contact situation.

Ritual Drama and Culture Change

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ross Crumrine
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Force Interaction ◽  
Passion Plays ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

In this paper we wish to postulate and examine kinds of relationships between ritual dramas, ceremonials, and culture change. A number of individual studies concerned with this question deserve to be seen as focusing upon a unitary phenomenon. By this we have in mind ceremonies or ritual dramas which symbolically mediate structural conflicts or oppositions either within a society or between societies. Max Gluckman (1954) and Hilda Kuper (1947, 1964) among others have pointed out that rituals of rebellion symbolically alleviate conflicts at the level of the social structure of a single society, for example the Swazi of South Africa. In doing so the ritual intensifies identification with the traditional social structure in spite of the conflicts within this structure. C. Geertz (1957) and James L. Peacock (1967, 1968a, b) point out that the traditional Javanese slametan ceremony tends to increase neighborhood, or kampung, social integration. Geertz shows that with urbanization and modernization the neighborhood becomes socially and economically differentiated and that in this situation slametans tend to force interaction between individuals who no longer share specific cultural beliefs and symbols and thus increase rather than reduce hostility and anxiety. Peacock extends this argument to ludruck, an urban proletarian drama. In ludruck, Peacock argues, the individual is led to identify not with his kampung (neighborhood) nor with a traditional village set of values but rather with the urbanite and his urban set of values. Turning to Latin America we may cite the study of Maya Passion Plays by June Nash (1968).

scholarly journals REPRESENTASI PERTENTANGAN KELAS DALAM PERTUNJUKAN LENG

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggarini Anggarini
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
The Social

Abstrak: Pementasan Leng merepresentasikan struktur sosial masyarakat yang terbagi menjadi dua golongan, yaitu kaum pemilik modal dan kaum marginal. Pertunjukan Leng menguraikan rumusan masalah mengenai representasi pertentangan kelas sosial. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis kelas sosial yaitu teori sosiologi seni Janet Wolff. Metode penelitian deskriptif analitik ini akan menggunakan data-data kualitatif yang diperoleh dari video dokumentasi pertunjukan Leng tahun 1986, sedangkan pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi dokumentasi, pustaka, dan wawancara. Pertunjukan Leng merupakan representasi dari kelas sosial masyarakat Jawa, dan tokoh-tokoh yang dihadirkan oleh Kenthut mewakili kelas sosial yang diperjuangkan, yaitu wong cilik. Berawal dari kepekaan Kenthut terhadap masyarakatnya, memicu Kenthut dalam membuat karya Leng. Kepekaan Kenthut tercermin dalam konstruksi dramatik dan artistik pertunjukan Leng bahwa kelas sosial masyarakat Jawa erat kaitannya dengan kondisi sosial yang terjadi. Kata-kata kunci: Kenthut, pertunjukan Leng, kelas sosial, priyayi, dan wong cilik. Abstract:Leng represent the social structure of society which divided into two groups, namely the capital owners and the marginal society. Sociology theory of Janet Wolff was used to analyze the social class problems. This research is descriptive-analytic research using a qualitative method in which the data is obtained from the 1986 Leng performance video documentations, literature review, and interviews. The Leng performance is a representation of the social class of Javanese community, and the figures which presented by Kenthut represent the social class that is championed, namely the grassroots. Starting from Kenthut's sensitivity towards his community, triggered him in making the Leng. Kenthut's sensitivity is reflected in the dramatic and artistic construction of Leng that the social class of Javanese people is closely related to the social conditions that occur. Key words: Kenthut, Leng, social class, priyayi, grass-roots society 

Le développement idéologique en situation coloniale: essai de théorisation

1976 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Denis Monière
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Slave System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Method Of Production ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mode Of Production

The fundamental element in the Marxist theory of ideologies is that men's ideas and perceptions are determined by the way in which they earn their living and by the social conditions which ensue. But this view by itself does not adequately explain the ideological framework of a social organization and its process of development since other factors intervene. The dialectic governing the formulation of ideologies is not only vertical but horizontal as well, and in two respects. First, one must avoid being trapped by a logical assumption about the connection between the method of production and the creation of a social structure. We must recognize the co-existence of modes of production; that is to say that in a given social structure there can be several methods of production. Thus, while a capitalist mode of production may prevail, it can still accommodate perfectly well for a certain length of time the continuation of some elements of the feudal or slave system of production, even though the logical end of capitalism is to spread and eliminate them. Hence, depending on the relationship between methods of production, one can discover in the overall structure of the prevailing mode of production some traces of the method of production which previously was dominant, especially during a transitional period.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR GARAPAN GANDANG TAMBUA SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT DESA CUBADAK AIA KECAMATAN PARIAMAN UTARA KOTA PARIAMAN

Humanus ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Irfi Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Indra Indrayuda
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Direct Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Media ◽  
Descriptive Method

This article aims to reveal the structure of arrangement of Gandang Tambua and the function of Gandang Tambua in the communities in terms of local wisdom. This study examines the values in local wisdom that are represented in the arrangement of Gandang Tambua in Cubadak Aia village, Pariaman Utara district, Pariaman City. This research is qualitative using descriptive method. Data is collected through interview, observation with direct participation, documentation, and literature review. Data is then analysed according to Miles and Huberman’s. The result shows that the arrangement structure of Gandang Tambua consists of parts related to each other. ‘Tasa’ plays as the main role in leading the performance of Gandang Tambua, while Gandang Tambua follows Tasa. It means, based on the local wisdom, the leaders are one step in front and one level higher. It also refers to the social structure of Minangkabau community where the children see their uncles as kings, the unces see ‘pangulu’ (tribal leaders) as kings, pangulu see the truth as king, and the truth stands on its own. Gandang Tambua also serves as the media for social integration, entertainment, and communication. Keywords: Gandang Tambua, local wisdom, function and structure of arrangement

Functionalism and after? Theory and Developments in Social Science Applied to the Health Field

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Frankenberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Class Conflict ◽  
Theoretical Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Understanding ◽  
Health Field

It is suggested that sociology could have a totalizing theoretical function in relation to medicine. Marx in his Capital put forward a theory of social integration in which incidentally illness is seen as arising out of social conditions and reflecting back on them. Sigerist, following this lead, sees the roles of physicians and the sick in an historical context, but his analysis is marred by an inversion of Marx's man-centered view. George Bernard Shaw's experience in local government led him to a critical understanding. Parsons and Freidson develop Sigerist's ideas but outside their historical context. It is argued that empirical work in the field, while useful, suffers from the inadequacy of attempts to apply sociologic theory to medicine. This arises out of the social position of sociologists, their elitist view of administration, and their illusory desire to influence doctors. The solution is seen in identification with patients and an honest acceptance of class conflict and contradiction. It is suggested that in this respect Mao Tse-tung might be seen as a successful medical sociologist. A parallel is drawn with problems of realism and naturalism in art.

The Social Construction of a Perfect Market: The Strawberry Auction at Fontaines-en-Sologne

2010 ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
M.-F. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Invisible Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Per Se

The article examines social conditions and mechanisms of the emergence in 1982 of a «Dutch» strawberry auction in Fontaines-en-Sologne, France. Empirical study of this case shows that perfect market does not arise per se due to an «invisible hand». It is a social construction, which could only be put into effect by a hard struggle between stakeholders and large investments of different forms of capital. Ordinary practices of the market dont differ from the predictions of economic theory, which is explained by the fact that economic theory served as a frame of reference for the designers of the auction. Technological and spatial organization as well as principal rules of trade was elaborated in line with economic views of perfect market resulting in the correspondence between theory and reality.

Silence and Sound in Black Girl Utopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Alexis Pauline Gumbs
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Black Girl ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Tone Deaf ◽  
At Home

Ladeedah is an audio novella that takes place in a Black utopic space after “the improvised revolution.” Ladeedah is a tone-deaf, rhythm-lacking Black girl in a world where everyone dances and sings at all times. What is Ladeedah's destiny as a quiet, clumsy genius in a society where movement and sound are the basis of the social structure and the definition of freedom? This excerpt from Ladeedah focuses on Ladeedah's attempts to understand the meaning of revolution from her own perspectives—at home, at school, and in her own mind and body.

Voluntary Associations and the Social Integration of the Poor

1971 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-357
Author(s):  
Russell L. Curtis, Jr. ◽  
Louis A. Zurcher, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social

Job Mobility and the Social Integration of Displaced Workers

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Aiken ◽  
Louis A. Ferman
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Job Mobility ◽  
Displaced Workers ◽  
The Social

THE HIMYARITE KINGDOM ON THE EVE OF AND AFTER THE ETHIOPIAN DOMINANCE IN THE SIXTH CENTURY A.D. IN THE MARTYRDOM OF ST. ARETHAS AND HIS COMPANIONS AND IN THE ACTS OF ST. GREGENTIUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 678-700
Author(s):  
V Christides
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
South Arabia ◽  
The Social ◽  
Preliminary Study

Based on two important hagiographical works written in Greek, the Martyrdom of St. Arethas and his companions and the Acts of St. Gregentius, the aim of this paper is to continue my preliminary study of the countries around the Red Sea in pre-Islamic times, especially in the sixth century A.D. The most valuable information in the Martyrdom concerns the hazardous voyage of the Ethiopian army from the main port of Adulis across the Red Sea to South Arabia (ca 525 A.D.). This work illuminates aspects of that expedition which do not appear in such detail in any other source. In addition, it describes the ports of the Red Sea in the sixth century, i.e., Klysma, Bereniki, Adulis, etc., corroborating the finds of archaeology and epigraphy. Concerning the controversial Acts of St. Gregentius, the present author has tried to discuss only some vital information reflecting the social structure of South Arabia during its Ethiopian occupation until the Persian conquest of it (ca 525 A.D. – ca 570 A.D.), and attempted to trace the origin of just one law (the treatment of animals) among those supposedly imposed on the Himyarites by the so-called archbishop Gregentius.

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