“Taiga” and “River” Components in the Nanai Socio-Tribal Organization at Lake Bolon, the Lower Amur

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
O. V. Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Settlement Pattern ◽  
Variation Method ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Economic Specialization ◽  
Kinship Ties

This study explores the socio-tribal organization of the Nanai living near Lake Bolon, with reference to environment and migration, using published and unpublished sources, S.K. Patkanov’s statistical materials, and our field data. We employ D.N. Anuchin’s spatial distribution and variation method for reconstructing the settlement pattern and assessing the socio-tribal structure with regard to the contacts between sedentary and nomadic populations. The Lake Bolon area is a transit territory traversed by reindeer herders and hunters on their way to the Pacifi c coast, and the place from whence the Amur natives migrated in various directions. This is where the herding, hunting, and fi shing traditions merged. The Nanai settlers selected places that matched their economic specialization, and these places eventually acquired symbolic functions. Small populations merged, adapted, and borrowed the names of large territorial groups. Marital contacts and kinship ties are analyzed in detail. Social relationships were regulated by the Dokha institute: clans concluded alliances based on mutual aid. Intermarriage was allowed only after several generations. The analysis of exogamous clans such as Hodzher, Odzyal, Kileh, and Beldy, which had settled near the lake, and the interviewing of the natives suggest that along with the Tungus patrilineal kinship, the matrilineal system predating the Tungus expansion was still practiced.

scholarly journals Host density predicts the probability of parasitism by avian brood parasites

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1769) ◽  
pp. 20180204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliana Medina ◽  
Naomi E. Langmore
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Host Density ◽  
Brood Parasites ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Determining Factor

The spatial distribution of hosts can be a determining factor in the reproductive success of parasites. Highly aggregated hosts may offer more opportunities for reproduction but can have better defences than isolated hosts. Here we connect macro- and micro-evolutionary processes to understand the link between host density and parasitism, using avian brood parasites as a model system. We analyse data across more than 200 host species using phylogenetic comparative analyses and quantify parasitism rate and host reproductive success in relation to spatial distribution using field data collected on one host species over 6 years. Our comparative analysis reveals that hosts occurring at intermediate densities are more likely to be parasitized than colonial or widely dispersed hosts. Correspondingly, our intraspecific field data show that individuals living at moderate densities experience higher parasitism rates than individuals at either low or high densities. Moreover, we show for the first time that the effect of host density on host reproductive success varies according to the intensity of parasitism; hosts have greater reproductive success when living at high densities if parasitism rates are high, but fare better at low densities when parasitism rates are low. We provide the first evidence of the trade-off between host density and parasitism at both macro- and micro-evolutionary scales in brood parasites. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The coevolutionary biology of brood parasitism: from mechanism to pattern’.

scholarly journals THE TASTE OF HOME: THE CONSTRUCTION OF SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS THROUGH COMMENSALITY AMONGST FEMALE MALAY STUDENTS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-334
Author(s):  
Ireena Nasiha Ibnu
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
International Students ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Food And Identity ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background and Purpose: Commensality is an act of eating together among migrant communities as a means of passing down the culture and ethnic identity. There is very limited discussion on commensality that pays attention to food sharing and eating that extends beyond the traditional forms of social relationships, identity, and space among the Malay community abroad. Thus, this article aims to explore the connections of social relationships through food, space and identity amongst female Malay students in the United Kingdom.   Methodology: This research is based on one-year ethnographic fieldwork amongst female Malaysian Muslim students in Manchester and Cardiff.  Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with both undergraduate and postgraduate students from sciences and social sciences courses. Besides, in-depth interviews, participant observation, conversation and fieldnotes methods were deployed as supplementary for data collection.   Findings: This paper argues that cooking and eating together in a private space is a way for them to maintain social relationships and overcome stress in their studies, and fulfil their desire to create harmony and trust at home. Besides, places such as the kitchen, play an essential space in building the Malay identity and social relationships between female Malay students’ communities in the host country.   Contributions: This study has contributed to an understanding of the meaning of friendship, identity, space, and the discussion on the anthropology of food from international students’ perspectives and migration studies.   Keywords: Food and identity, commensality, Malay students, friendship, international students.   Cite as: Ibnu, I. N. (2022). The taste of home: The construction of social relationships through commensality amongst female Malay students in the United Kingdom. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 7(1), 316-334. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol7iss1pp316-334

scholarly journals Empirical model for snowdrift distribution in avalanche-starting zones

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mases ◽  
L. Buisson ◽  
W. Frey ◽  
G. Martí
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Empirical Parameter ◽  
Knowledge Based

Field data from Stillberg (Switzerland), provided by SFISAR, have been analysed in order to understand the spatial distribution of snow transported by wind in avalanche-starting zones. The results have been used to develop a new empirical model for snowdrift distribution. This model constitutes the “snow-wind module” of the knowledge-based computer system called ELSA.The model is based on an empirical parameter called the wind or “aeolien” coefficient. It represents the relation between two snow heights at a given place: the snow accumulated at the end of a wind period (or wind episode) and the snow available for transport at the beginning of the wind period. The wind coefficient has been established using field data from the Stillberg site.

Penetration and migration routes of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia in the snail Oncomelania hupensis

Parasitology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Xia ◽  
J. Jourdane
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Oncomelania Hupensis ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Branchial Cavity ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Host Parasite

The routes of penetration and the strategies of invasion of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia in the snail vector Oncomelania hupensis were observed in a histological study. In all species of the genus Schistosoma, it is usually assumed that the miracidia achieve penetration through the tegument. Our results showed that at least 57% of S. japonicum miracidia penetrated the snail by natural openings (branchial cavity, mouth and rectum). Throughout the invasion phase, the larvae were observed in all the tissues and organs with the exception of the genital gland. The spatial distribution of parasites in the snail revealed that the migration towards the visceral organs such as the kidney, heart and sinuses (which are the most usual microhabitats of the mother sporocysts of S. japonicum) appeared to take place via the circulatory system. Using natural openings as routes for penetration probably provides a selective advantage in a host–parasite system in which the target mollusc is amphibious: we presume that the miracidia inside these natural openings are protected against desiccation when the snail leaves the water, and that they can subsequently invade the tissues.

Interzone Xperimental

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall Halle
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Streaming Video ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
And Migration

This chapter examines the rapid and accelerating technological transformations to film that have been happening in the last decade. These transformations make it anachronistic to speak solely of film and require the analysis of a more inclusive moving image. Moreover, these transformations have occurred simultaneously with the developments of globalization and transnationalism. Broadband, streaming video, and networked social relationships have been central to the formation of new communities and new forms of engagement with existing social conditions. The chapter seeks to highlight the interconnection between technology politics and economy by focusing on the question of moving-image experiments and migration. It focuses on the works of filmmakers who have worked in an experimental mode.

The spatial distribution of threats to plant species with extremely small populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjing Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jizhong Wan ◽  
Hong Qu ◽  
Xianyun Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Small Populations

Studying Chlorophyll-A Concentration of Bosten Lake (Xinjiang, Northwest China) by MERIS Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2750-2755
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
An Ming Bao ◽  
Xi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Imaging Spectrometer ◽  
Boundary Area ◽  
Bosten Lake ◽  
Medium Resolution ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Chla Concentration

The Chlorophyll-a (Chla) concentration in Bosten Lake was estimated and mapped using the data of the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) on board the ENVIronmental SATellite (ENVISAT) platform. The fixed aerosol option was chosen and local aerosol optical thickness was used in SeaDAS. The Chla concentration was retrieved by the OC3E algorithm and verified by Field data with high correlation coefficient of 0.79. It showed strong horizontal heterogeneities, which is high at the Huangshuigou region, mediate along the boundary area, and low at the middle of the lake, and decreases from the boundary to the center of the Lake. Its spatial distribution is controlled by the location of inlet and outlet and the type and quantity of discharging around the lake. On sep. 22, 2010, its value is up to 10.98 mg m-3. The minimum, maximum, average and median value of Chla concentration on Aug. 6, 2011 from MERIS data in Bosten Lake is 2.72, 8.93, 3.90 and 3.69 mg m-3.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DE Vatiga spp. (HEMIPTERA: TINGIDAE) EN EL CULTIVO DE YUCA

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio De Souza Silva
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Negative Binomial Distribution ◽  
Binomial Distribution ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Morisita Index ◽  
Best Fit

<p class="p1"> <strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p class="p3">El objetivo de este trabajo fue generar informacion acerca de cuál es el modelo de disposición espacial de Vatiga spp. en el cultivo de la yuca. Se realizaron muestreos en dos áreas comerciales de 2500 m<span class="s1">2</span>, divididas en 100 parcelas. Se contaron adultos y de ninfas de Vatiga spp. en las hojas basales y medias de la planta. En total, se realizaron doce muestreos quincenalmente, desde febrero hasta abril de 2014, época de mayor incidencia de esta plaga. De forma general, a través de los índices de dispersión (varianza/media, índice de Morisita y exponente K) y las distribuciones de frecuencia, se observa que la distribución espacial de Vatiga spp. es agregada, es decir, el padrón de distribución Binomial Negativa fue el que resultó de mejor ajuste a los datos obtenidos a campo, con el conteo de los individuos.</p><p class="p1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="p2">The aim of this study was to generate information about which is the model of spatial distribution of Vatiga spp. in the cassava culture. Sampling was conducted in two commercial areas of 2,500 m<span class="s1">2</span>, divided into 100 plots. Adults and nymphs of Vatiga spp. were counted in the basal and medium plant leaves. In all, twelve samples were taken fortnightly from February to April 2014, when occurs the highest incidence of this pest. Based in the indices of dispersion (variance/mean, Morisita index and K exponent) and the frequency distributions, it was observed that the spatial distribution of Vatiga spp. is aggregate, it means that the standard Negative Binomial distribution was the best fit to the field data obtained, with the counting direction of individuals.</p>

scholarly journals Spatial–Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Coupled Coordination between Urbanization and Eco-Environment: A Case Study of 13 Urban Agglomerations in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8821
Author(s):  
Jia Wan ◽  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Junping Yan ◽  
Xiaomeng Wang ◽  
Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Variation Method ◽  
The West ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Coordination Model ◽  
Environment Index ◽  
The Impact

Urban agglomeration is the core area of not only regional economic development and urbanization but also human–land contradiction. Based on the population–economy–society–spatial model and the pressure–state–response model, this study develops an evaluation index system for the urbanization and eco-environment of 13 urban agglomerations in China. The urbanization index and eco-environment index are determined using the coefficient of variation method. The coupled coordination of the two indices is measured with the coupled coordination model, and the influence of the indicator factors is calculated with a geographical detector. The results reveal the following: (1) The urbanization indices of the 13 urban agglomerations in China increase year by year, and the spatial distribution pattern is high in the east and low in the west. (2) The eco-environment index shows an “S-shaped” variation trend, and the spatial difference between urban agglomerations gradually decreases. (3) The coupled coordination is mainly characterized as a mild imbalance, and the spatial distribution pattern is “balance in the east and imbalance in the west”. (4) The coupled coordination degree between urbanization and eco-environment is affected by many factors. Among such factors, economic urbanization, social urbanization, spatial urbanization, and eco-environment response are the main controlling factors. The impact of population urbanization, eco-environment pressure, and eco-environment state presents a gradual increase.

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