scholarly journals An Efficient Image Classification of Malaria Parasite Using Convolutional Neural Network and ADAM Optimizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 3376-3384
Author(s):  
K. Kranthi Kumar, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Protozoan Infection ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
On Line ◽  
Infected Cells

Machine learning can be a technique of nursing lysis that automatically develops an analytical model. It is a branch of synthetic intelligence that believes that systems are going to learn information, determine patterns of information and decide with degraded human intervention. Machine learning addresses the question of how computers can be constructed that improve mechanically through knowledge. It lies at the intersection of technology and statistics and at the center of artificial data and information science, one in all the quickest increasing technical fields of nowadays. Recent advances in machine learning were driven by the event of latest learning and theories also as by the constant explosion. The event of latest learning algorithms and also theory and the in-progress growth within the accessibility of on-line information also as low-priced computation crystal rectifier to recent progress within the field of machine learning. Additional evidence-based decision-making could be carried out in science, technology and trade, including healthcare, production, education and monetary modelling, enforcement and promotion, with adoption of mechanical learning techniques based on data-intensive methods. The results are also available. The infection can be a life-threatening disease. The bite of a nursing partner is often transmitted in dipterous Anopheles. In infected mosquitoes, plasmodium parasite is a gift. The parasite is discharged into your blood after you bite this dipterous insect once it bites you. Once your body is composed of the parasites, they mature into the liver. The mature parasites enter the blood for several days when red blood cells start to infect. In red blood cells, parasites increase over 48-72 hours, causing infected cells to divide. The parasites still infect red blood cells, which last 2 to 3 days in cycles. This paper is used for observation of protozoan infection with a deep learning idea.

scholarly journals Heart disease prediction using machine learning techniques : a survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.8) ◽  
pp. 684 ◽  
Author(s):  
V V. Ramalingam ◽  
Ayantan Dandapath ◽  
M Karthik Raja
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Supervised Learning Algorithms ◽  
Life Threatening

Heart related diseases or Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the main reason for a huge number of death in the world over the last few decades and has emerged as the most life-threatening disease, not only in India but in the whole world. So, there is a need of reliable, accurate and feasible system to diagnose such diseases in time for proper treatment. Machine Learning algorithms and techniques have been applied to various medical datasets to automate the analysis of large and complex data. Many researchers, in recent times, have been using several machine learning techniques to help the health care industry and the professionals in the diagnosis of heart related diseases. This paper presents a survey of various models based on such algorithms and techniques andanalyze their performance. Models based on supervised learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), NaïveBayes, Decision Trees (DT), Random Forest (RF) and ensemble models are found very popular among the researchers.

Massive Transfusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
Jay Berger
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Massive Transfusion ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Frozen Plasma

Massive transfusion is defined as transfusion of 3 units of packed red blood cells in less than 1 hour in an adult, replacement of more than 1 blood volume in 24 hours, or replacement of more than 50% of blood volume in 3 hours. Massive transfusion protocols are implemented in cases of life-threatening hemorrhage after trauma, during a surgical procedure, or during childbirth. These protocols are intended to minimize the adverse effects of hypovolemia, dilutional anemia, metabolic complications, and coagulopathy with early empiric replacement of blood products and transfusion of fresh frozen plasma, platelets, and packed red blood cells in a composition that approximates that of whole blood.

Retrospektywna analiza przypadku wzmożonej hemolizy u pacjentki z opóźnioną hemolityczną reakcją poprzetoczeniową spowodowaną przeciwciałami anty-K

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Andrys ◽  
Katarzyna Korybalska
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Life Threatening

Hyperhemolysis is a life-threatening undesirable post-transfusion reaction characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), reticulocytopenia and increase in ferritin concentration. It usually occurs in patients with hemoglobinopathies, rarely in people without genetic disorders of human red blood cells. The case concerns a 79-year-old woman who, due to a trophic ulcer and erysipelas, received one unit of kell positive packed red blood cells (pRBC). The patient did not exhibit symptoms of hypoxia despite the reduced value of hematological parameters (Hb: 10.4 g/dl, Hct: 31%). Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) occurred after 11 days, with the presence of anti-K antibodies (Hb: 6.1 g/dl, Hct: 17%). Despite transfusion of three pRBC properly selected against patient’s antigens, only a transient increase in Hb and Hct was observed (Hb: 8.1 g/dl, Hct: 22%). These parameters rapidly decreased within 18 hours (Hb: 6.7 g/dl, Hct: 18%). The patient died due to circulatory and respiratory failure.

Assessing Malaria using Neutral Zone Classifiers with Mixture Discriminant Analysis on 2D Images of Red Blood Cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shariq Mohammed ◽  
Dipak K. Dey
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Segmentation ◽  
Neutral Zone ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Neutral Zone Classifiers ◽  
2D Images

Background and Aim: We aim to build a classifier to distinguish between malaria-infected red blood cells (RBCs) and healthy cells using the two-dimensional (2D) microscopic images of RBCs. We demonstrate the process of cell segmentation and feature extraction from the 2D images. Methods and Materials: We describe an approach to address the problem using mixture discriminant analysis (MDA) on the 2D image profiles of the RBCs. The extracted features are used with Gaussian MDA to distinguish between healthy and malaria infected cells. We also use the neutral zone classifiers where ambiguous cases are identified separately by the classifier. Results: We compare the classification results from the regular classifiers such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) or MDA and the methods where neutral zone classifiers are used. We see that including the neutral zone improves the classification results by controlling the false positive and false negatives. The number of misclassifications are seen to be lower than the case without neutral zone classifiers. Conclusion: This paper presents an alternative approach for classification by incorporating neutral zone classifier approach, where a prediction is not made for the ambiguous cases. From the data analysis we see that this approach based on neutral zone classifiers presents a useful alternative in classification problems for various applications.

Machine learning-based in-line holographic sensing of unstained malaria-infected red blood cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e201800101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taesik Go ◽  
Jun H. Kim ◽  
Hyeokjun Byeon ◽  
Sang J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells

Chestnut-like macro-acanthosphere triggered hemostasis: a featured mechanism based on puncturing red blood cells

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
kun yu ◽  
Songming Shang ◽  
Ruiqi Xie ◽  
Fei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Massive Bleeding ◽  
Acute Hemorrhage ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Acute hemorrhage that occurs after trauma is a life-threatening condition. Hence, to halt massive bleeding, there is a critical need to develop a suitable therapy. In this study, we developed...

Changes in the membrane microviscosity of mouse red blood cells infected with Plasmodium berghei detected using n-(9-anthroyloxy) fatty acid fluorescent probes

Parasitology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Howard ◽  
W. H. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Normal Mouse ◽  
Membrane Microviscosity ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Infected Cells

SummaryA set of n-(9-anthroyloxy) fatty acids (n = 2, 6, 9, 12, 16) have been used as fluorescent probes to examine the lipid environment at different depths in the outer membrane of normal mouse erythrocytes and red blood cells from Plasmodium berghei-infected blood. Fluorescent polarization experiments with normal mouse erythrocytes have demonstrated a typical gradient in microviscosity from the surface to the centre of the bilayer as a consequence of the motional properties of the C-atoms of the phospholipid acyl chains. The fluorescent probes rotate faster in the membrane of purified pluriparasitized cells (> 90% purity) than with the remaining fraction of red blood cells from infected blood (20–40% immature, infected red cells, and uninfected red cells), or normal mouse erythrocytes. This increase in fluidity with heavily infected cells occurs predominantly at the centre of the lipid bilayer, rather than at the membrane surface. A comparison of the polarization values of intact and lysed infected cells indicates that the fluorescent fatty acids preferentially label the plasma membrane rather than the internal membranes of infected cells. The results suggest that P. berghei infection causes a change in the composition and/or organization of the outer membrane of pluriparasitized cells which produces a decrease in membrane microviscosity.

scholarly journals Local Hematocrit Fluctuation Induced by Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cells and Its Effect on Microflow

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tong Wang ◽  
Zhongwen Xing
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Infected Rbcs ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
Cell Free Layer

We investigate numerically the microscale blood flow in which red blood cells (RBCs) are partially infected byPlasmodium falciparum, the malaria parasite. The infected RBCs are modeled as more rigid cells with less deformability than healthy ones. Our study illustrates that, in a 10 μm microvessel in low-hematocrit conditions (18% and 27%), thePlasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (Pf-IRBCs) and healthy ones first form a train of cells. Because of the slow moving of thePf-IRBCs, the local hematocrit (Hct) near thePf-IRBCs is then increased, to approximately40%or even higher values. This increase of the local hematocrit is temporary and is kept for a longer length of time because of the long RBC train formed in 27%-Hctcondition. Similar hematocrit elevation at the downstream region with 45%-Hctin the same 10 μm microvessel is also observed with the cells randomly located. In 20 μm microvessels with 45%-Hct, thePf-IRBCs slow down the velocity of the healthy red blood cells (HRBCs) around them and then locally elevate the volume fraction and result in the accumulation of the RBCs at the center of the vessels, thus leaving a thicker cell free layer (CFL) near the vessel wall than normal. Variation of wall shear stress (WSS) is caused by the fluctuation of localHctand the distance between the wall and the RBCs. Moreover, in high-hematocrit condition (45%), malaria-infected cells have a tendency to migrate to the edge of the aggregates which is due to the uninterrupted hydrodynamic interaction between the HRBCs andPf-IRBC. Our results suggest that the existence of Pf-IRBCs is a nonnegligible factor for the fluctuation of hematocrit and WSS and also contributes to the increase of CFL of pathological blood flow in microvessels. The numerical approach presented has the potential to be utilized to RBC disorders and other hematologic diseases.

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