scholarly journals Role of Kisspeptine in Regulation of Reproductive Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I Yarmolinskaya ◽  
Nigar F Ganbarli ◽  
Eduard K Ailamazian
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Regulation Of Reproduction ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Research objective: to identify a role of kisspeptine in the regulation of reproduction function.Materials: literature data by foreign authors for the period from 1985 till 2016.Methods: systematic analysis and compilation of information in the literature.Results. The article provides a review of literature data on research of kisspeptine gene and its receptor; it includes description of their role in regulation of reproduction function and mutation in the genes responsible for realization of kisspeptine and neurokinin signaling pathways. Features of kisspeptine secretion in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, premature sexual development, hyperprolactinemic deficiency of ovaries, polycystic ovarian syndrome, genital endometriosis and opportunity of kisspeptine use in clinical practice as an ovulation trigger are described.Conclusion. It is necessary to carry out further studies for clarification of kisspeptine role in patients with various diseases and the opportunity of its use as a therapeutic target.

scholarly journals Role of insulin sensitising agents in altering PSA level in PCOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajashree Panigrahy ◽  
Bratati Singh ◽  
Tapan K. Pattnaik ◽  
Sanjukta Misra
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Significant Concentration

Background: Ovarian androgen production can be promoted by insulin resistance which leads to reproductive abnormalities in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). A wide variety of female tissues can synthesize and secrete Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA). Androgens may take part a significant role in PSA secretion in PCOS. As insulin resistance stimulates androgen production, the baseline value of PSA may decline by insulin sensitising agents in PCOS. Present study is an attempt to measure the function of PSA as a marker of androgen excess in PCOS and to assess the role of insulin sensitising agent metformin in altering PSA level in PCOS.Methods: The study was undertaken to assess the insulin resistance, testosterone and PSA level in 45 women diagnosed as PCOS and 45 healthy controls. Alteration of insulin resistance, serum testosterone and PSA levels by metformin was also analysed.Results: A significant increase in testosterone, PSA level and insulin resistance was observed in PCOS cases when compared with control (p<0.001). When metformin was given for 4 months, improvement in insulin resistance and testosterone level was found in cases, but PSA values observed no change. Correlation was not found linking insulin resistance with PSA level prior to and after therapy.Conclusions: Serum PSA level could be detected in high significant concentration in PCOS women. Various researches explain that insulin resistance and BMI may perhaps control serum PSA level, but our result demonstrate no effect of insulin sensitising agent on serum PSA value.

scholarly journals Discovery of a possible role of asprosin in ovarian follicular function

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Excel Rio S Maylem ◽  
Leon J Spicer ◽  
Isadora Batalha ◽  
Luis F Schutz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Fibrillin 1 ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Receptor Family

Asprosin is a novel fasting-induced protein encoded by fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene, produced when FBN1 is cleaved by the enzyme furin, and is associated with insulin resistance and polycystic ovarian syndrome in humans. To characterize mRNA abundance of FBN1, FURIN, and the presumed asprosin receptor, olfactory receptor family 4 subfamily M member 1 (OR4M1) in granulosa (GC) and theca cells (TC), and identify hormones regulating FBN1 mRNA expression, GC and TC from small (1–5 mm; SM) and large (>8 mm; LG) follicles were collected from ovaries of heifers obtained at an abattoir and used for real-time PCR gene expression analysis or in vitro evaluation of hormone regulation and asprosin effects. SMTC had 151-fold greater (P < 0.05) FBN1 mRNA abundance than SMGC, and LGTC had 50-fold greater FBN1 mRNA than LGGC. In contrast, OR4M1 mRNA was 81-fold greater in SMGC than LGGC and did not differ from SMTC, but LGTC had 9-fold greater OR4M1 mRNA than LGGC. FURIN mRNA was 2.6-fold greater in SMTC than SMGC, but did not differ among follicular sizes. In cultured TC, leptin, insulin, LH, IGF1 and steroids did not affect FBN1 mRNA, but TGFB1 increased (P < 0.05) FBN1 mRNA by 2.2-fold; EGF and FGFs increased FBN1 mRNA by 1.3- to 1.5-fold. Asprosin enhanced LH-induced TC androstenedione production, reduced IGF1-induced TC proliferation, and had no effect on progesterone production. Developmental regulation of FBN1, FURIN and OR4M1 along with direct effects of asprosin on TC suggests that asprosin may be a novel regulator of ovarian follicular function.

scholarly journals A review on role of medicinal plants in polycystic ovarian syndrome: Pathophysiology, neuroendocrine signaling, therapeutic status and future prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Abasian ◽  
Ayoob Rostamzadeh ◽  
Mohsen Mohammadi ◽  
Masih Hosseini ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-kopaei
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

scholarly journals ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN ETIOPATHOGENESIS AND METABOLIC ABNORMALITIES SEEN IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

2019 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
SURANKITA SUKUL ◽  
JYOTIRMAYEE BAHINIPATI ◽  
ASHOK KUMAR DAS
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Metabolism ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Objective: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of ovarian dysfunction in women in reproductive age group. It is now the leading cause of infertility among premenopausal women. PCOS women usually suffer from metabolic disturbances and insulin resistance (IR). Vitamin D has shown a significant role in glucose and insulin metabolism. Correlation studies have been done to examine the role of vitamin D in PCOS. However, still, Vitamin D status in PCOS remains varied. This study is an attempt to find out the association of Vitamin D with etiopathogenesis and metabolic risk factors seen in PCOS. Methods: Hundred subjects (50 PCOS and 50 age-matched normal control) were recruited for the study. Difference in biochemical parameters in PCOS women and normal group was measured, and association of Vitamin D with etiological and biochemical parameters in PCOS was seen. Results: There was a significant (p<0.001) increase in body mass index, serum insulin, fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein in PCOS. IR was observed in PCOS cases (homeostatic model assessment for β-cell function and IR = 6.40±1.96) compared to the control group (2.43±0.53). Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D3 was significantly decreased in PCOS (9.04±2.60 ng/ml) compared to control group (20.06±3.28 ng/ml). Negative correlation of serum Vitamin D was found with FBS, serum insulin, IR, HI, and serum testosterone. Vitamin D with metabolic parameters also showed a statistically significant negative correlation. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be a common comorbid manifestation of PCOS. Hence, Vitamin D supplementation may decrease the potential risk of morbidity and mortality associated with PCOS. However, further studies are needed which should include assessment of Vitamin D in women at various stages of PCOS to enhance the temporal order of Vitamin D deficiency in relation to PCOS.

Multiple Ovarian Cysts in a Woman with Epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Angela O’Neal
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

This chapter explores how epilepsy can affect reproductive function. The National Institute of Health consensus definition of PCOS includes the presence of menstrual dysfunction, clinical evidence of hyperandrogenism, and exclusion of other endocrinopathies, such as Cushing’s syndrome and hypothyroidism. The etiology of PCOS is felt to be heterogenous, related to a complex interaction between both genetic and environmental factors. PCOS develops when the ovaries are stimulated to produce excessive testosterone. The diagnosis and pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome is explored; in particular, how valproate contributes to the condition in women with epilepsy. Valproate is the AED most associated with PCOS, as it can directly increase ovarian testosterone production. It can also cause weight gain leading to insulin resistance, another mechanism contributing to PCOS.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Shanmugham ◽  
Sindhu Natarajan ◽  
Arun Karthik
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders are two of the most common endocrine disorders in the general population. Both of these endocrine disorders share common predisposing factors, gynaecological features and have profound effect on reproductive function in women. The aim of this study is to study the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome and to evaluate the relationship between polycystic ovarian syndrome and thyroid dysfunction.Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study done on 100 patients with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome based on Rotterdam’s criteria. The exclusion criteria was hyperprolactinemia, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and virilising tumour. Thyroid function was evaluated by measurement of fasting serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine levels (free T3 and free T4).Results: The mean age of the study patients was 26±4.2 years. Among the study patients, 11% of them had goitre. 18% of the patients with presented with subclinical hypothyroidism. The mean TSH levels in the study patients was 4.62±2.12 mIU/ml. The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 33% in the study patients with PCOS.Conclusions: This study concludes that the prevalence of hypothyroidism is increased in women with PCOS patients.

scholarly journals Role of Anti-mullerian Hormone (AMH), As A Prediction of Clinical Pregnancy Outcome in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome with Sub Fertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Ashia Khatun ◽  
Afroza Kutubi ◽  
Khairun Nahar ◽  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Hasina Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Sampling ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Good Linear Correlation

Background: Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) in largely expressed throughout folliculogenisis (by granulosa cells in ovarian follicles) but highest in pre-antral and small antral steges (<4mm) drameter of development.Objective: To analyse the usefulness of plasma anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) measurement as a test for assessing ovarian reserve in Polycystic ovary syndrome with sub fertility,Methodology: Women with PCOS and sub fertility, were included in this study with age group 18-35yrs. This Prospetive cohort study done in 30 cases in ShSMC with purposive randomized sampling, from January 2015 to December 2015. Serum, plasma & for evaluation of PCOS, preferably TV-USG was done.Result: In this study we analyze 30 serum samples from patient aged between 18-35 years and transvaginal ultrasonography was done simultaneously. Mean age group of my patient was 25.2±4.7 years which correlates with AMH level in PCOS which is statistically significant (p<0.001). Mean level of AMH is 5.7±4.9 mg/ml which is also correlate with transvaginal USG scan with the feature of PCOS (p<.0.001). More than 50% woman presents with features of subfertility with PCOS and 46.7% are normal ovaries. Mean menstrual day 7.6 (4-12 days) which have a good linear correlation with irregularities of menstrual cycle and PCOS (p<0.05).Conclusion: To conclude AMH appears to have a major inhibiting role during folliculogenesis, which may contribute to anovulation in PCOS. The reason for the raised AMH in PCOS may give clues as to the mechanism os anovulation.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2017, Vol.9(1); 3-5

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