scholarly journals About the Gürtle method

1907 ◽  
Vol XIV (1) ◽  
pp. 71-105
Author(s):  
B. Fanstein
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Cerebral Vessels ◽  
New Method ◽  
Extreme Conditions

In 1889, in the 44th volume of the Pfluger Archive (Archiv fr die gesammte Physiol.), An article by K. Grtle appeared: Research on the innervation of cerebral vessels, in this article, in addition to the factual material regarding the state of cerebral vessels under various extreme conditions, the author presents and substantiates a new method of studying the cerebral circulation. This method consists of measuring blood pressure in the central and peripheral ends of the carotid artery and is named after the author, the Grtle method.

scholarly journals Theoretical and practical considerations regarding the study of cranial circulation by measuring blood pressure at the two ends of the carotid artery

2020 ◽  
Vol VI (2) ◽  
pp. 95-119
Author(s):  
F. N. Telyatnik
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Arteries ◽  
The One

Of all the methods of studying cranial blood circulation, which I will not list here, the best is the one in which the state of cranial blood circulation is judged by the blood pressure in the two ends of the carotid artery. Hrthle was the first to observe this method, and therefore the method itself is often called the Hrthle method. However, as Hrthle himself says, the idea of ​​a method existed before. So, A. Dastre and J. Morat, for the purpose of proving the existence of vasomotor fibers for the lower limb in n. ischiadicus, determined the blood pressure in the central end of one a. cruralis and in the peripheral end the other; on the side last n. ischiadicus overcame. With irritation of a peripheral nerve cut, the pressure increased in the peripheral end of the а. cruralis, remaining unchanged in the central cut. This increase in pressure in the operated limb, which coincides with the unchanged pressure in the rest of the body, proves that (with the indicated irritation) there is a reduction in small arteries.

The Impact of Systemic Vasoconstrictors on the Cerebral Circulation of Anesthetized Patients 

1998 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan P. Strebel ◽  
Christoph Kindler ◽  
Bruno Bissonnette ◽  
Gabriela Tschaler ◽  
Dubravka Deanovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Arterial Blood

Unlabelled BACKGROUND. The effect of vasoconstrictors on intracerebral hemodynamics in anesthetized patients is controversial. The influence of phenylephrine and norepinephrine on the cerebral circulation was investigated in isoflurane- or propofol-anesthetized patients using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Methods Forty patients were randomly assigned to have vasoconstrictor tests with norepinephrine or phenylephrine during either isoflurane or propofol anesthesia. Blood flow velocities were simultaneously measured in the middle cerebral artery and ipsilateral extracranial internal carotid artery. Baseline recordings were done during stable anesthesia in a supine position (test 0). A second series of measurements were performed after norepinephrine or phenylephrine had increased mean arterial blood pressure by about 20% (test 1). With maintained norepinephrine or phenylephrine infusion, a final series of results were obtained after the increased mean arterial blood pressure was counteracted by a slightly head-up patient position (test 2). Results Both vasoconstrictors significantly increased mean flow velocities in the middle cerebral artery (norepinephrine: 43 +/- 11 cm/s to 49 +/- 11 cm/s; phenylephrine: 43 +/- 8 cm/s to 48 +/- 9 cm/s; +/- SD) and internal carotid artery (norepinephrine: 27 +/- 7 cm/s to 31 +/- 8 cm/s; phenylephrine: 27 +/- 9 cm/s to 31 +/- 10 cm/s) in the isoflurane-but not in the propofol-anesthetized patients. In the head-up position, only small and insignificant flow velocity changes were observed in both cerebral arteries independent of the vasoconstrictor or background anesthetic. Conclusions The results of the present study indicate that norepinephrine and phenylephrine do not directly affect intracranial hemodynamics in anesthetized patients, but rather that hemodynamic changes observed with vasoconstrictors reflect the effect of the background anesthetic agents on cerebral pressure autoregulation.

scholarly journals Correlation between the main parameters SLAEP and rheoencephalography in patients with acoustic trauma

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Tetiana Shidlovskaya ◽  
Tamara Shidlovskaya ◽  
Lyubov Petruk
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Acoustic Trauma ◽  
The State ◽  
Cerebral Vessels ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Auditory Analyzer ◽  
V Wave ◽  
Temporal Indices

It is known that vascular factor is one of the main factors of occurrence and development of SHL of any etiology. Our previous studies have shown that this statement is also true in relation to sensorineural disorders that occur in acoustic trauma. With acoustic trauma, both peripheral and central – the brainstem and cortical departments of the auditory analyzer suffer. At the same time, in terms of clarifying the topic of the lesion of the auditory system, the temporal characteristics of the SLAEP are very informative, which allow to identify violations in the brainstem structures of the auditory analyzer, including those in the early stages. On the other hand, it is known that the correlation analysis of the results of instrumental studies is very important in relation to the characteristics of the relationship between certain indicators that characterize the relevant processes. The purpose of the study is to determine the correlation coefficients between the temporal indices of SLAEP and quantitative values of rheoencephalography data to clarify the relationship (correlation) between the state of the brains- tem structures of the auditory analyzer and cerebral blood circulation in the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems in pa- tients with acoustic trauma. Materials and methods: to achieve this aim, we examined 71 patients with acoustic trauma at the age of 19-50 years, with predominantly bilateral asymmetric sensorineural disorders, a descending type of audiometric curve, a moderate degree of decrease in auditory function, the most pronounced significant (P<0.01) increase in hearing thresholds to tones 4, 6 and 8 kHz on the tonal threshold audiometric curve. Cerebral blood flow in patients with acoustic trauma was studied by rheoencephalography using a computer rheograph of the company «DX-systems» (Ukraine) according to the generally accepted method. Registration of shortlatency auditory evoked potentials (SLAEP) was carried out using the analyzing system «Eclipse» of the company «Interacoustics» (Denmark), according to the generally accepted method. To identify the correlation between the brainstem structures of the auditory analyzer and cerebral circulation in the vertebrobasilar and carotid systems, we took into account the correlation coefficients (r) and their errors (mr) between the main indicators REG in the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems, as well as the most informative time indicators SLEP patients with acoustic trauma. Results and discussion: We carried out a correlation analysis between the values of LPP V wave of SLAEP and MPI (I-V) SLAEP, as well as the values of DCI, DSI and Pi in the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems in servicemen with combat acoustic trauma. The determination of such a connection is important because the severity of the lesion of the auditory system and the prognosis of the effectiveness of therapeutic measures in acoustic trauma largely depends on the presence and severity of dysfunction in the brainstem structures of the auditory analyzer. The obtained data confirm the influence of the state of cerebral circulation on the development of functional disorders of the cerebrospinal structures of the brain and the auditory analyzer in acoustic trauma. There is a direct correlation in the development of such disorders with changes of the tone of cerebral vessels, but especially - violations of venous outflow. According to our data, in the carotid system, there is a weak direct correlation between the value of DCI, reflecting the tone of cerebral vessels, and LPP V wave of SLAEP (r=0.309; mr=0.063), as well as MPI I-V SLEP (r=0.322; mr=0.042). A weak direct correlation was also found between these indicators in the vertebralbasilar system, where the corresponding correlation coefficients were r=0.385, and mr=0.061, and r=0.348, and mr=0.036. Between LPP V - SLAEP and DSI, which characterizes venous outflow, in the carotid system, r was 0.458 and mr=0.057, and for MPI I-V SLEP the coefficient was (r=0.463; mr=0.049). A direct correlation between these indicators was found in the vertebral-basilar system (the corresponding values were: r=0.516, mr=0.021 and r=0.523, mr=0.022). Conclusion: Correlation analysis showed the presence of a relationship between the state of cerebral circulation according to REG in carotid, and, especially, in the vertebrobasilar systems and temporal indices of SLAEP in patients with acoustic trauma obtained in real combat conditions. In patients with acoustic trauma, a significant inverse correlation was found between the temporal indices of SLAEP and the values of Ri according to REG data characterizing the state of pulse blood filling in the vertebrobasilar pool. Thus, a significant inverse correlation (r=-0,527, mr=0,068) is observed between the values Ri and the duration of the inter-peak interval I-V SLAEP, for the duration of the LPP V wave r was -0,512, and mr=0,026. Only weak direct correlation in both carotid and vertebral-basilar systems was found with DCI indicators reflecting the state of cerebral vascular tone in the studied temporal characteristics of SLAEP. This may be due to the risk of changes in the tone of cerebral vessels (the tendency to both increase and decrease) in this contingent of patients. With the value of DSI, which characterizes venous outflow, there is a direct correlation with both LPP V wave and MPI I-V SLAEP in both systems of cerebral blood supply. In the carotid system between LPP V SLAEP and DSI, r was equal to 0.458, and mr=0.057, and between MPI I-V SLAEP and the value of DSI was (r=0.463; mr=0.049), in the vertebrobasilar system, the corresponding values were r=0.516, mr=0.021 and r= 0.523, mr=0.022.

The state of the cerebral circulation in the individuals with acoutrauma obtained in a Zone of Antiterrorist Operation

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Shydlovska T.A. ◽  
◽  
Kozak N.S. ◽  
Ovsianik K.V. ◽  
Petruk L.H. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
The State

Application of the Measurement of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness for Prediction of the Essential Hypertension in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1550-1553
Author(s):  
Rosana Manea ◽  
Bianca Elena Popovici ◽  
Carmen Daniela Neculoiu ◽  
Dan Minea ◽  
Alina Calin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Hypertension In Children

Hypertension is a major risk factor for progression of the atherosclerotic process and for developing of degenerative cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the measurement of carotid intima - media thickness for prediction of essential hypertension in children can be used.The study group included 81 children and the control group 61 children, all aged between 5 - 17 years and 11 months old, and admitted in Children Hospital Brasov in the period of 2009 � 2014. The study protocol included: BMI, blood pressure and Doppler echography of the common carotid artery for each group. Mean age of the patients from the study group was 13.67 years, 43.20 % girls and 56.80 % boys, while in the control group, the mean age was 14.07 years, 54.10% girls and 45.90 % boys. 70.37% of the children from the study group presented obesity, while in the control group 40.98% were obese. The IMTC study group ranged from 0.52 - 0.69 mm and the limits of the normotensive subjects were 0.32 -0.54 mm. In both groups the obese patients were found to have increased carotid artery intima-media, which means that IMTC was positively correlated with BMI (p=0.000001).It is necessary to identify diagnostic methods easily applicable for children, allowing involvement of the characteristics of the arterial wall in the degenerative pathological processes. Increased intima-media ratio is positively correlated with high values of blood pressure.

scholarly journals Design of regular positive and stable descriptor systems via state-feedbacks for descriptor continuous-time linear systems with singular pencils

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-297
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Kaczorek
Keyword(s):  
Linear Systems ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Special Form ◽  
The State ◽  
New Method ◽  
Descriptor Systems ◽  
Descriptor System ◽  
Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Numerical Example ◽  
Time Linear

Abstract A new method is proposed of design of regular positive and asymptotically stable descriptor systems by the use of state-feedbacks for descriptor continuous-time linear systems with singular pencils. The method is based on the reduction of the descriptor system by elementary row and column operations to special form. A procedure for the design of the state-feedbacks gain matrix is presented and illustrated by a numerical example

scholarly journals Spontaneous Low-Frequency Oscillations in Cerebral Vessels: Applications in Carotid Artery Disease and Ischemic Stroke

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik W. Schytz ◽  
Andreas Hansson ◽  
Dorte Phillip ◽  
Juliette Selb ◽  
David A. Boas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cerebral Vessels ◽  
Low Frequency Oscillations ◽  
Artery Disease

A new method of assessing the state of charge of implanted cardiac pacemaker batteries

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Walton Lillehei ◽  
Anatolio B. Cruz ◽  
Irwin Johnsrude ◽  
Robert D. Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Pacemaker ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
New Method

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Transillumination Back Scattering Sounding—New Method to Assess Brain Microcirculation in Patients with Chronic Carotid Artery Stenosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e61936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej F. Frydrychowski ◽  
Pawel J. Winklewski ◽  
Arkadiusz Szarmach ◽  
Grzegorz Halena ◽  
Tomasz Bandurski
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
New Method ◽  
Back Scattering ◽  
Brain Microcirculation
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