scholarly journals Prospective directions and problems of ensuring Radiation Safety in Radiation Medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Chipiga
Keyword(s):  
Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Internal Dosimetry ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Discharge Criteria ◽  
Radiation Medicine ◽  
Diagnostics And Therapy

The development of Radiation Medicine in the Russian Federation has resulted in the necessity to improve the regulatory and methodological support for ensuring Radiation Safety. Following the introduction of new diagnostics and therapy methods into practice, as well as the use of new radiopharmaceuticals, the actualization of radiation monitoring methods and the provision of radiological protection for patients, personnel and the public have become the most urgent tasks. Radionuclide therapy with new radiopharmaceuticals, which can be used in the day patient departments, is one of the promising directions in the development of Russian Radiation Medicine. The main tasks of ensuring Radiation Safety in the departments of radionuclide therapy are the regulation of radioactive waste management, the development of discharge criteria after the administration of radiopharmaceuticals and methods for Internal Dosimetry.

scholarly journals Methods of biological waste management generated by patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Vodovatov
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Liquid Radioactive Waste ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Radiation Medicine

The development of radiation medicine in the Russian Federation has resulted in the improvement of the regulatory and methodological framework for radiation safety regulation. The main obstacle for the development of radionuclide therapy in the Russian Federation is the liquid radioactive waste management (mainly urine and faeces of patients) generated during radionuclide therapy on an ambulatory basis (day patient department). The paper presents a brief analysis of the current domestic and international regulatory liquid radionuclide waste management documents. It has been shown that there is no strategy for solving the problem of utilizing biological waste from patients during radionuclide therapy. Long-term task for ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population of the Russian Federation could be the solution for the problem.

scholarly journals Development and current state of the regulation of the natural exposure of the public of the Russian Federation (To commemorate the 90th birthday of Professor Krisiyk E.M.). Part 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
V. V. Omelchuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
The Public ◽  
Natural Exposure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Results

In April 2020 we commemorate the 90th birthday of the major scientist, doctor of technical sciences, Professor Eduard Mechislavovich Krisiyk. A new field of research on radiation-hygienic assessment of the natural sources of ionizing exposure and limitation of the public exposure has been developed under his scientific supervision and personal participation. For the first time in the international practice E.M. Krisiyk as the main author developed the requirements for the concentration of the natural radionuclides in the building materials; as the co-author – in phosphoric fertilizers, indicated the necessity of their radiation control. His scientific results were included into various Russian legislative and methodical documents: Federal state law “On the radiation safety of the public” in 1996, Norms of the radiation safety NRB-96 and NRB-99, Basic sanitary rules on the provision of the radiation safety OSPORB-99, Federal targeted program “Radon”, various guidelines. His scientific school, his flock and followers are successfully developing the scientific-methodical basics of the regulation of the natural exposure of the public of the Russian Federation at the current stage.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF THE INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE ETHICS OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION (PART II)

Bioethics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
N. A. Podzolkova ◽  
◽  
S. A. Romanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Summary Table ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Acceptability

The main objective of this study is to continue an open dialogue between representatives of the nuclear industry and the interested public concerned about the ethics of decision-making in nuclear energy. The authors consider these problems from the perspective of integral philosophy differentiating levels of consciousness. The study consists of two parts. The first one aimed to analyse ethical platforms of radiological protection and the principles of biomedical ethics using the level approach [6]. The summary table of ethical correlates of radiation safety and principles of bioethics is presented. The second part described in this paperis contains a system analysis of the public acceptability of radiation risks depending on the ethical platforms (paradigms) of both decision makers and those for whom decisions are made.

ICRP Task Group 95: internal dose coefficients

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Paquet ◽  
J. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Workplace Monitoring ◽  
Dose Coefficients ◽  
Bioassay Data ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
Icrp Publication

Internal doses are calculated using biokinetic and dosimetric models. These models describe the behaviour of the radionuclides after ingestion, inhalation, and absorption to the blood, and the absorption of the energy resulting from their nuclear transformations. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) develops such models and applies them to provide dose coefficients and bioassay functions for the calculation of equivalent or effective dose from knowledge of intakes and/or measurements of activity in bioassay samples. Over the past few years, ICRP has devoted a considerable amount of effort to the revision and improvement of models to make them more physiologically realistic representations of uptake and retention in organs and tissues, and of excretion. Provision of new biokinetic models, dose coefficients, monitoring methods, and bioassay data is the responsibility of Committee 2 and its task groups. Three publications in a series of documents replacing the ICRP Publication 30 series and ICRP Publications 54, 68, and 78 have been issued [Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides (OIR) Parts 1–3]. OIR Part 1 describes the assessment of internal occupational exposure to radionuclides, biokinetic and dosimetric models, methods of individual and workplace monitoring, and general aspects of retrospective dose assessment. OIR Parts 2–5 provide data on individual elements and their radioisotopes. Work is also in progress on revision of dose coefficients for radionuclide intakes by members of the public.

scholarly journals Scientific legacy of professor Pavel Vasilyevich Ramzaev

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2(св)) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
G. G. Onischenko ◽  
I. A. Zvonova ◽  
M. I. Balonov ◽  
V. P. Ramzaev ◽  
V. S. Repin
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Radioactive Fallout ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Far North ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Chernobyl Npp

The article describes the main areas of scientific and administrative activities of professor P.V. Ramzaev during his work in the Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene. In particular, the results of a study of global radioactive fallout in the Far North of the USSR, as well as a study of the radiation situation and an assessment of the doses to the public after the accident at the Chernobyl NPP, are presented in a systematic way. The leading role of P.V. Ramzaev in the development of hygienic regulation and in the development of the theory of health is shown. The activities of P.V. Ramzaev in the International Commission on Radiological Protection are discussed in detail. The role of P.V. Ramzaev in the development of the law «On Radiation Safety of the Population» is shown.

Radiological protection in medicine: work of ICRP Committee 3

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vañó ◽  
J.M. Cosset ◽  
M.M. Rehani
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Procedures ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Radiation Injuries ◽  
Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
Digital Radiology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
And Training

Committee 3 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is concerned with protection in medicine, and develops recommendations and guidance on the protection of patients, staff, and the public against radiation exposure in medicine. This paper presents an overview of the work of Committee 3 over recent years, and the work in progress agreed at the last annual meeting in Bethesda, MD in October 2011. The reports published by ICRP dealing with radiological protection in medicine in the last 10 years cover topics on: education and training in radiological protection; preventing accidental exposures in radiation therapy; dose to patients from radiopharmaceuticals; radiation safety aspects of brachytherapy; release of patients after therapy with unsealed radionuclides; managing patient dose in digital radiology and computed tomography; avoidance of radiation injuries from medical interventional procedures; pregnancy and medical radiation; and diagnostic reference levels in medical imaging. Three new reports will be published in the coming months dealing with aspects of radiological protection in fluoroscopically guided procedures outside imaging departments; cardiology; and paediatric radiology. The work in progress agreed by Committee 3 is also described.

The Relevance of Energy Service Contracts in the Budget Sphere

2018 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
George V. Boos ◽  
Elena Yu. Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
The Face ◽  
Energy Service ◽  
The Russian Federation

The problematic aspects related to the implementation of energy saving policy in the budget sphere are examined in the article. The factors hindering the mass and effective implementation of energysaving measures are highlighted in the article. Among these factors, there is the technical complexity of energysaving projects, the presence of innovative and investment risks, problems with the financial provision of costs in the face of increasing debt burden in most public budgets. The article concludes that in these circumstances only the energy service contract is a tool that allows implementing energy­saving measures without the first participation of budgetary funds in financing and allows transferring the risks of making technically inefficient decisions directly to the investor. In the article, the authors substantiate the importance of the institutional development of energy services directly in the public sector and analyze the measures of the comprehensive plan to improve the energy efficiency of the economy of the Russian Federation aimed at expanding the scope of energy service contracts in the public sector.

Assessing the quality of public health in the Russian Federation and Israel: Main problems and solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-632
Author(s):  
A.S. Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Subject. The article addresses the public health in the Russian Federation and Israel. Objectives. The focus is on researching the state of public health in Russia and Israel, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project methodology, identifying problem areas and searching for possible ways to improve the quality of health of the Russian population based on the experience of Israel. Methods. The study draws on the ideology of the GBD project, which is based on the Disability-Adjusted Life-Year (DALY) metric. Results. The paper reveals the main causes of DALY losses and important risk factors for cancer for Russia and Israel. The findings show that the total DALY losses for Russia exceed Israeli values. The same is true for cancer diseases. Conclusions. Activities in Israel aimed at improving the quality of public health, the effectiveness of which has been proven, can serve as practical recommendations for Russia. The method of analysis, using the ideology of the GBD project, can be used as a tool for quantitative and comparative assessment of the public health.

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