Statistical Seismology and Communication of the USGS Operational Aftershock Forecasts for the 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska, Earthquake

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Michael ◽  
Sara K. McBride ◽  
Jeanne L. Hardebeck ◽  
Michael Barall ◽  
Eric Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Statistical Seismology ◽  
Interactive Software ◽  
Special Report ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Alaska Earthquake

Abstract The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a national capability for aftershock forecasting after significant earthquakes. Use of this capability began in August 2018, and the 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska, earthquake provided the first opportunity to apply this capability to a damaging earthquake in an urban area of the United States of America and observe how the forecast was discussed in the media. During this sequence, the forecasts were issued by a seismologist using interactive software that implements the Reasenberg and Jones (1989) model as updated in Page et al. (2016). The forecasts are communicated with a tiered template that provides basic information first before providing a more detailed numerical forecast and are posted on the mainshock’s event page on the USGS earthquake program. Experience from the Anchorage sequence showed that the process worked well, and the first forecast was issued only 54 min after the mainshock occurred. Updates over the coming days, weeks, and months adapted the forecast model from the initial generic parameters for the seismotectonic region to Bayesian and sequence‐specific models. Media reports accurately reported the forecast, demonstrating that the forecast template was successful except for a few reports that incorrectly merged the probability of one or more events in a given time–magnitude window with the likely range of the number of events. Changes to the template have been made to prevent that confusion in the future. We also released a special report on the possible duration of the sequence to assist in the federal disaster declaration and assistance process. Both our standard forecasts and this special report would benefit from more rapid determination of a sequence‐specific decay rate.

scholarly journals The IAMCR “Islam and Media” Working Group

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Muhammed Haron
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Working Group ◽  
International Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Media And Communication

The International Association of Media and Communication Research(IAMCR; http://iamcr.org), with which the “Islam and Media” and severalother working groups are affiliated, promotes “media and communication researchthroughout the world, addressing socio-political, technological, policyand cultural processes.” One of its key objectives is to “provide a forum whereacademic researchers and others involved in media and communication researchand practice can present and discuss their work, hone their critical skillsand collaborate.”The “Islam and Media” working group was originally formed to reflectupon “the communication phenomenon such as human interaction with a viewto contributing toward mutual understanding and peace with justice” and “toengage in research and organizational development efforts geared towardstrengthening the global societal structures based on personal responsibilityand mutual cooperation in social, political, and economic relations.” At thisJuly 2012 event, participants sought “to contribute to the advancement ofresearch and evaluation in the media and communication related fields froman Islamic point of view (the Tawhidi perspective).” The papers presenteddealt with the universal principles of communication in Islam and the West;Islam, communication, and sustainable development; coverage of the United States’ war in the Middle East; and how the media reports on extremism/terrorism ...

The Decimal Dilemma

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Robert Glasgow ◽  
Gay Ragan ◽  
Wanda M. Fields ◽  
Robert Reys ◽  
Deanna Wasman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Study ◽  
Twelfth Graders ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Media ◽  
Rich Information ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Mathematics And Science

If you are aware of the results given in the media reports about the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), you probably know that fourth graders from the United States (U.S.) scored above the international average in mathematics and that eighth and twelfth graders scored below average (Mullis et al. 1997). As an educator, you are aware of the dangers of looking only at averages of test scores. Rich information can be gleaned from the TIMSS data that will help us learn more about what our students know and are able to do. The data from a large-scale study, such as the TIMSS, often raise questions about what the numbers really mean. This article addresses one such question that arose from examining part of the third- and fourth-grade TIMSS data. The process that we used may be as valuable as the information that we found. Perhaps this process will help you answer questions that arise as you reflect on the TIMSS results.

Open cracks at or near free edges

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Nowell ◽  
D A Hills
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Uniform Tension ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Edge Dislocations ◽  
Crack Faces

We describe a method for the efficient, rapid determination of stress intensity factors for plane cracks at or near free surfaces, with arbitrary far fields. The basic technique is well established in the United States, but comparatively unknown in the UK, and makes use of distributing edge dislocations along the intended line of the crack. Examples given are uniform tension parallel to the free edge and point loads applied to the crack faces, although it is a simple task to formulate the problem for any nominal stress field, providing the crack remains open.

scholarly journals ID Scanning, The Media and the Politics of Urban Surveillance in an Australian Regional City

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Palmer ◽  
Ian Warren ◽  
Peter Miller
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
The Media ◽  
Australian City ◽  
Media Reports

Computerised ID scanning technologies have permeated many urban night-time economies in Australia, the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. This paper documents how one media organisation’s overt and tacit approval of ID scanners helped to normalise this form of surveillance as a precondition of entry into ten licensed venues in the Australian city of Geelong. After outlining how processes of governance “from above” and “from below” interweave to generate distinct political and media reactions to the prevention of localised crime problems, a chronological reconstruction of media reports over a three-and-a half year period demonstrates how ID scanning became the centrepiece of a holistic reform strategy to combat alcohol-related violence in the Geelong nightclub precinct. Several discursive techniques helped to normalise this “technological fix”, while suppressing critical discussion of viable concerns over information privacy, data security and system networking. These included pairing reports of an initial “signal crime” with examples of “virtual victimhood” to depict a crisis of violence to validate a radical surveillance-based response and publishing anecdotal statements from key “primary definers” highlighting the success of this initiative in targeting a wider population of antisocial “others”. The implications of these reporting practices are discussed in light of the media’s central role in reforming the Geelong night-time economy and broader trends associated with using novel surveillance technologies to combat urban crime problems at the expense of alternative measures that protect individual liberty.

Postharvest Correlation between Swordfish (Xiphius gladius) Size and Mercury Concentration in Edible Tissues

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENNIS P. CLADIS ◽  
RONGRONG ZHANG ◽  
XI TAN ◽  
BRUCE CRAIG ◽  
CHARLES R. SANTERRE
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Concentration ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Commercial Markets ◽  
Edible Tissues ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Total mercury was measured via thermal decomposition amalgamation atomic absorption spectroscopy in the muscle tissue of 82 swordfish originating in the Pacific Ocean and was found to range from 228 to 2,090 ppb. The relationships between total mercury concentration and the size of the fish (i.e., length and weight) were analyzed. It was found that dressed weight (DW) was a better predictor of mercury concentration than cleithrum-to-caudal keel length in a single variable model, and DW was the only significant predictor of mercury concentration in a multivariable model. Based on these relationships, swordfish with a DW greater than 96.4 kg (213 lb; 95% confidence interval, 88 to 107 kg [195 to 235 lb]) will exceed 1,000 ppb of mercury—the action level in the United States, Canada, and Europe—and should not be sold in commercial markets. Additionally, a logistic regression model was created to illustrate the probability of a swordfish at any DW being unsafe to consume (i.e., containing more than 1,000 ppb of mercury). In this model, the probability of a swordfish being unsafe exceeds the probability of being safe at 94.6 kg (209 lb). Taken together, the models presented in this report give regulators valuable postharvest tools to use for rapid determination of the safety of swordfish intended for sale in commercial markets.

scholarly journals Analysis of attitudes toward china in different types of Russian media reports.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Ayibota Shahety ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Economic News ◽  
Political Bias ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
External Communications

As a world power, Russia is China's largest neighbor and plays a special role in strengthening my country's international communication capabilities. Russia's reports related to China have both positive and negative content, but the viewing angle is more practical and objective. China's image is rarely distorted, belittled, and vilified by political bias and ideological divisions. The overall image of China and China in the international arena The role is positive. Media reports are mainly political and economic news, with a particular focus on information on political and economic and trade exchanges between China and Russia. What are the tendencies in the attitude of the Russian media towards China? How does society and theory view the situation in the trilateral relations between Russia, China and the United States? Are there any new trends in the perception of China's image by political elites and ordinary people? What has been causing concern about China in the Russian media lately? What direction are the media and think tanks showing on the burning issues of the Sino-Indian border conflict? These problems reflect Russians' perception of China's image, are related to the effectiveness of my country's "telling Chinese stories" and external communications, and also reflect the development of Sino-Russian relations and the level of my country's influence in the international arena.

A Comprehensive Study of Mass Murder Precipitants and Motivations of Offenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Small Data Sets ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Mass Murders

Much speculation has been made in the media as to the causes of mass murder in the United States, yet little empirical research exists to verify factors leading to violence. Prior research primarily relies on case study methodologies or small data sets, but none have focused on the underlying issues observed in a comprehensive national sample. Data for the current study include 152 mass murders reported through the FBI’s Supplementary Homicide Reports and USA Today from 2007 to 2011, which were then matched with media reports for each event. The current study shows that mass murders typically occur following a triggering event, are committed by non-strangers, and are rarely committed by persons with mental illnesses. A more realistic image of these incidents is critical, as misperceptions of offenders and case characteristics can improperly shape public policies.

Weak Beam Imaging and Diffraction Studies of Stacking Faults in Silicon

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
T. Y. Tan ◽  
W. K. Tice
Keyword(s):  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Fringe Spacing ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Kinematical Theory

In studying ion implanted semiconductors and fast neutron irradiated metals, the need for characterizing small dislocation loops having diameters of a few hundred angstrom units usually arises. The weak beam imaging method is a powerful technique for analyzing these loops. Because of the large reduction in stacking fault (SF) fringe spacing at large sg, this method allows for a rapid determination of whether the loop is faulted, and, hence, whether it is a perfect or a Frank partial loop. This method was first used by Bicknell to image small faulted loops in boron implanted silicon. He explained the fringe spacing by kinematical theory, i.e., ≃l/(Sg) in the fault fringe in depth oscillation. The fault image contrast formation mechanism is, however, really more complicated.

State-by-State Use of AMA Guides

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-7, 16
Keyword(s):  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Federal Employees ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canadian Provinces

Abstract This article presents a history of the origins and development of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), from the publication of an article titled “A Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment of the Extremities and Back” (1958) until a compendium of thirteen guides was published in book form in 1971. The most recent, sixth edition, appeared in 2008. Over time, the AMA Guides has been widely used by US states for workers’ compensation and also by the Federal Employees Compensation Act, the Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act, as well as by Canadian provinces and other jurisdictions around the world. In the United States, almost twenty states have developed some form of their own impairment rating system, but some have a narrow range and scope and advise evaluators to consult the AMA Guides for a final determination of permanent disability. An evaluator's impairment evaluation report should clearly document the rater's review of prior medical and treatment records, clinical evaluation, analysis of the findings, and a discussion of how the final impairment rating was calculated. The resulting report is the rating physician's expert testimony to help adjudicate the claim. A table shows the edition of the AMA Guides used in each state and the enabling statute/code, with comments.

Current perspectives in antithrombotic therapy

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 82-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hoppensteadt ◽  
O. Iqbal ◽  
R. L. Bick ◽  
J. Fareed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Antithrombotic Therapy ◽  
Thrombotic Event ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vascular Thrombosis ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Coagulation Protein ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Platelet Defects

SummaryThrombotic disorders are the most common cause of death in the United States. About two million individuals die each year from an arterial or venous thrombosis or related disorders. About 80% to 90% of all cases of thrombosis can now be defined with respect to cause. Of these, over 50% occur in patients who harbor a congenital or acquired blood coagulation protein or platelet defect which caused the thrombotic event. It is obviously of major importance to define those individuals harboring such a defect as this allows: 1) appropriate antithrombotic therapy to decrease risks of recurrence; 2) determination of the length of time the patient must remain on therapy for secondary prevention; and 3) allow for testing of family members of those harboring a blood coagulation protein or platelet defect which is hereditary (about 50% of all coagulation and platelet defects mentioned above). Aside from mortality, significant additional morbidity occurs from both arterial or venous thrombotic events, including, but not limited to paralysis (non-fatal thrombotic stroke), cardiac disability (repeated coronary events), loss of vision (retinal vascular thrombosis), fetal waste syndrome (placental vascular thrombosis), stasis ulcers and other manifestations of post-phlebitic syndrome, etc.

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