Preliminary results of ground deformation measurements near the CANNIKIN explosion

1972 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1505-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Dickey ◽  
F. A. McKeown ◽  
R. C. Bucknam
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Level Lines ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Principal Strains

abstract Ground deformation around the CANNIKIN underground nuclear explosion was studied by means of geodetic measurements, observation of tilt in lakes, and analysis of high-speed motion pictures. The lengths of 53 lines of the order of 1 km long located as many as 7 km from ground zero (GZ) were measured before and after the explosion. Principal strains calculated from the observed changes in length indicate northeast-oriented extension, which is interpreted as reflecting, in part, the release of tectonic strain. Information from an incomplete remeasurement of level lines indicates as much as about 1 m of residual uplift along nearly 2 km of the Bering coast adjacent to the explosion site. Measurements of tilt at six lakes differ in magnitude and direction from the values expected to be produced by expansion of the explosion cavity, but seem to be related to the influence of geological structures near the lakes. High-speed motion pictures indicate that the ground surface in the GZ area had risen vertically about 8 m by 1.4 sec after the explosion and had returned to within about 1 m of its original elevation by 4 sec after the explosion.

Microearthquake activity in Eastern Nevada and death valley California before and after the nuclear explosion Benham

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 2177-2184
Author(s):  
Peter Molnar ◽  
Klaus Jacob ◽  
Lynn R. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Death Valley ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Earthquake Activity ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Nevada Test Site ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Before And After

abstract Six portable, high-gain, high-frequency seismographs were operated in Nevada and California for several weeks before and after the underground nuclear explosion Benham to assess the possibility that earthquakes at distances of tens of kilometers or more may be triggered by large underground explosions. A pronounced increase in earthquake activity in the vicinity of the shot point was observed immediately after the detonation and continued for more than a month after the explosion. No significant change in activity within 25 km of any of our instruments northeast of the Nevada Test Site was observed, and the activity in Death Valley recorded after the explosion did not indicate an important increase. These data imply that this particular explosion did not significantly affect the seismicity of the region studied. Throughout the period of observation the seismic activity northeast of the Nevada Test Site was low; an average of about one event per day was detected within about 25 km of each station. This suggests that the current tectonic activity of this part of Nevada is lower than that of western Nevada and of most other tectonically active regions where microearthquake studies have been made.

Quantitative Analysis of Swimmeret Beating in the Lobster

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-662
Author(s):  
W. J. DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Proprioceptive Feedback ◽  
Intersegmental Coordination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adjacent Segments

1. High-speed motion pictures of the metachronous movements of the abdominal swimmerets of the lobster Homarus americanus were analysed. Measurements were made on films produced before and after removing part or all of individual swimmerets. 2. Analysis of the intact swimmeret system provided quantitative constraints for models of the neural mechanisms underlying swimmeret beating. For example, the conduction velocity of the anterior-moving, metachronous wave increases with increasing frequency of swimmeret beating, as does the powerstroke amplitude and velocity of each swimmeret. The phase positions of individual swimmerets in the movement cycle are the same regardless of the frequency of swimmeret beating, and so are the ratios of powerstoke duration to returnstroke duration. The durations of the powerstroke, returnstroke and the short pauses between them decrease as the frequency of swimmeret beating increases. 3. Removal of a swimmeret weakens the movements of ipsilateral swimmerets on adjacent segments, but does not affect the movements of contralateral swimmerets. Control experiments were performed to reduce the possibility that the effects were mechanical. 4. The results suggest that proprioceptive feedback from the movements of individual swimmerets plays a supplemental role in the intersegmental coordination of the swimmerets of one side, but that contralateral proprioceptive influences are weak or absent.

Geologic effects of the Rainier underground nuclear explosion : a summary progress report of U.S. Geological Survey investigations

1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Diment ◽  
V.R. Wilmarth ◽  
R.E. Wilcox ◽  
Alfred Clebsch ◽  
G.E. Manger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosion

Study on Edge Contact Area and Surface Integrity of Workpiece in Point Grinding Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 407-408 ◽  
pp. 577-581
Author(s):  
Shi Chao Xiu ◽  
Zhi Jie Geng ◽  
Guang Qi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Edge Contact ◽  
Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Theoretic Foundations

During cylindrical grinding process, the geometric configuration and size of the edge contact area between the grinding wheel and workpiece have the heavy effects on the workpiece surface integrity. In consideration of the differences between the point grinding and the conventional high speed cylindrical grinding, the geometric and mathematic models of the edge contact area in point grinding were established. Based on the models, the numerical simulation for the edge contact area was performed. By means of the point grinding experiment, the effect mechanism of the edge contact area on the ground surface integrity was investigated. These will offer the applied theoretic foundations for optimizing the point grinding angles, depth of cut, wheel and workpiece speed, geometrical configuration and size of CBN wheel and some other grinding parameters in point grinding process.

scholarly journals Changes in ground deformation prior to and following a large urban landslide in La Paz, Bolivia revealed by advanced InSAR

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Roberts ◽  
Bernhard T. Rabus ◽  
John J. Clague ◽  
Reginald L. Hermanns ◽  
Marco-Antonio Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Measured Displacement ◽  
Optical Satellite Images ◽  
Displacement Patterns

Abstract. We characterize and compare creep preceding and following the 2011 Pampahasi landslide (∼ 40 Mm3 ± 50 %) in the city of La Paz, Bolivia, using spaceborne RADAR interferometry (InSAR) that combines displacement records from both distributed and point scatterers. The failure remobilised deposits of an ancient landslide in weakly cemented, predominantly fine-grained sediments and affected ∼ 1.5 km2 of suburban development. During the 30 months preceding failure, about half of the toe area was creeping at 3–8 cm/a and localized parts of the scarp area showed displacements of up to 14 cm/a. Changes in deformation in the 10 months following the landslide are contrary to the common assumption that stress released during a discrete failure increases stability. During that period, most of the landslide toe and areas near the headscarp accelerated, respectively, to 4–14 and 14 cm/a. The extent of deformation increased to cover most, or probably all, of the 2011 landslide as well as adjacent parts of the slope and plateau above. The InSAR-measured displacement patterns – supplemented by field observations and by optical satellite images – indicate that kinematically complex, steady-state creep along pre-existing sliding surfaces temporarily accelerated in response to heavy rainfall, after which the slope quickly achieved a slightly faster and expanded steadily creeping state. This case study demonstrates that high-quality ground-surface motion fields derived using spaceborne InSAR can help to characterize creep mechanisms, quantify spatial and temporal patterns of slope activity, and identify isolated small-scale instabilities. Characterizing slope instability before, during, and after the 2011 Pampahasi landslide is particularly important for understanding landslide hazard in La Paz, half of which is underlain by similar, large paleolandslides.

Detecting land deformation due to groundwater changes with InSAR observations - the case of the island of Gotland, Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Darvishi ◽  
Fernando Jaramillo
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Small Baseline Subset ◽  
Small Baseline ◽  
The Baltic

<p>In the recent years, southern Sweden has experienced drought conditions during the summer with potential risks of groundwater shortages. One of the main physical effects of groundwater depletion is land subsidence, a geohazard that potentially damages urban infrastructure, natural resources and can generate casualties. We here investigate land subsidence induced by groundwater depletion and/or seasonal variations in Gotland, an agricultural island in the Baltic Sea experiencing recent hydrological droughts in the summer. Taking advantage of the multiple monitoring groundwater wells active on the island, we explore the existence of a relationship between groundwater fluctuations and ground deformation, as obtained from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The aim in the long-term is to develop a high-accuracy map of land subsidence with an appropriate temporal and spatial resolution to understand groundwater changes in the area are recognize hydroclimatic and anthropogenic drivers of change.</p><p>We processed Sentinel-1 (S1) data, covering the time span of 2016-2019, by using the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) to process 119 S1-A/B data (descending mode). The groundwater level of Nineteen wells distributed over the Gotland island were used to assess the relationship between groundwater depletion and the detected InSAR displacement. In addition to that, the roles of other geological key factors such as soil depth, ground capacity in bed rock, karstification, structure of bedrock and soil type in occurring land subsidence also investigated. The findings showed that the groundwater level in thirteen wells with soil depths of less than 5 meters correlated well with InSAR displacements. The closeness of bedrock to ground surface (small soil depth) was responsible for high coherence values near the wells, and enabled the detection land subsidence. The results demonstrated that InSAR could use as an effective monitoring system for groundwater management and can assist in predicting or estimating low groundwater levels during summer conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Cognitive Vocal Program applied to individuals with signals presbylarynx: preliminary results

CoDAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Nemr ◽  
Glaucia Verena Sampaio de Souza ◽  
Marcia Simões-Zenari ◽  
Domingos Hiroshi Tsuji ◽  
Adriana Hachiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Vocal Production ◽  
Maximum Phonation Time ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
Vocal Quality

PURPOSE: To propose and verify the feasibility of a vocal program intervention in patients with presbylarynx signs with or without vocal complaints. METHOD: Among 20 elder participants of the current research, 3 female patients with median age of 67 years were chosen for the pilot study. Laryngological examination, vocal recording with CAPE-V (Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice) protocol, and Screening Protocol of Risk of Dysphonia (SPRD) were conducted before and after the program intervention. They joined the Cognitive Vocal Program for presbyphonia based on the genetic epistemology by Jean Piaget associated with vocal techniques based on scientific literature. This program is structured with six sessions and each one of them is focused in different aspects of vocal production. RESULTS: After the program intervention, some aspects such as loudness, coordination between breathing and speaking, accuracy in articulatory movements, jitter, and harmonics-to-noise ratio improved with parameters within the expected range for the age group. Three female participants were observed for better vocal quality, higher fundamental frequency, and better maximum phonation time. In two cases, tension related to loudness elevation and better scores on SPRD was observed. Using by high-speed laryngeal image, we also observed reduction of presbylarynx signs, and remarkable improvement in glottis closure competence and mucosal wave movement of the patients with and without vocal complaints. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results suggest encouraging prospects for the proposal with improvement in the aspects analyzed. This program was well designed and did not require any further adjustments.

Circuit Breaker Mechanical Characteristic Parameters Measurement Based on Machine Vision

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 934-937
Author(s):  
Shu Tao Zhao ◽  
Yu Tao Xu ◽  
Zhi Wan Cheng ◽  
Jian Feng Ren ◽  
Dan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristic ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Coordinate Changes ◽  
Parameters Measurement

Aim at the disadvantages of traditional circuit breaker mechanical characteristic parameters test. Get the motion pictures of insulation connecting rod through high-speed camera, using the finite difference method to quickly screen out the motion pictures, and selecting punctuation area as a template for learning, using non-uniform sampling have a template matching, obtain the center coordinates of matching results, time interval is known every frame. Through coordinate changes over time we can obtain mechanical parameters of the circuit breaker accurately, fast, conveniently. Lab VIEW programs achieve the above process automatically.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document