Sewerage, waste management and remediation generate more employment and value added

- Effectiveness, efficiency and affordability have been among the key criteria for municipal solid waste management in the Italian legal framework since the so-called "Ronchi Decree" of 1997. The paper analyses the economic performance of waste-collection firms in Italy. We construct a dataset that includes almost all the companies performing waste collection in the provincial capitals of Italy. We investigate their capital structure, profitability, value added, productivity, investment and business development by means of a set of financial ratios. The research is developed through the assessment of the effects on firms' performance of specialisation, localisation, temporal evolution, size and legal form of firms and the remuneration system for waste collection. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, given the almost universal nature of the sample under investigation, we describe the economic and financial structure of waste collection firms in Italy; second, we empirically evaluate the extent to which the sector has taken on the industrial characteristics set forward in the legal framework. Hence the analysis is conducted both at sector level and at firm level. At the aggregate level, it is possible to identify a trend for the sector as a whole towards convergence with the rest of the economy. However, waste management still displays clear signs of backwardness, especially due to weaker financial structure, higher incidence of labour costs on value added and lower investment. Firm-level data are analysed with both univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. The results confirm the general backwardness of the sector, with businesses located in Southern part of Italy lagging even further behind. Moreover, firms simultaneously providing multiple utility services are more profitable than those specialized in the waste sector only. However this appears attributable to cross-subsidisation between services, not economies of scope. Both scale of operations and legal form have a positive impact on firms' profitability, thanks in part to a negative correlation with degree of specialisation. Moreover, the economic performance of waste management firms is significantly pro-cyclical. Finally, the new cost-based remuneration system for collection services produces ambiguous results. It has a positive effect on operational efficiency and productivity but does not increase the return on capital. A simple econometric model is estimated to evaluate the simultaneous impact on firms' performance of specialisation, localisation, temporal evolution, size, legal form and remuneration system, confirming the outcome of the univariate analysis. In the light of our results, the successful "industrialization" of the waste management sector appears still far away.Keywords: local public services, waste management, regulationJEL classifications: L32, L51, Q53Parole chiave: servizi pubblici locali, gestione dei rifiuti urbani, regolamentazione

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Smallholder Agroprocessors’ Willingness to Pay for Value-Added Solid-Waste Management Solutions

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11061759 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1759

Author(s):

Olaoluwa Omilani ◽

Adebayo Abass ◽

Victor Okoruwa

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Willingness To Pay ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Management System ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Value Added ◽

Primary Data ◽

Management Options ◽

Waste Management System ◽

Factors Influencing

The paper examined the willingness of smallholder cassava processors to pay for value-added solid wastes management solutions in Nigeria. We employed a multistage sampling procedure to obtain primary data from 403 cassava processors from the forest and Guinea savannah zones of Nigeria. Contingent valuation and logistic regression were used to determine the willingness of the processors to pay for improved waste management options and the factors influencing their decision on the type of waste management system adopted and willingness to pay for a value-added solid-waste management system option. Women constituted the largest population of smallholder cassava processors, and the processors generated a lot of solid waste (605–878 kg/processor/season). Waste was usually dumped (59.6%), given to others (58.1%), or sold in wet (27.8%) or dry (35.5%) forms. The factors influencing the processors’ decision on the type of waste management system to adopt included sex of processors, membership of an association, quantity of cassava processed and ownership structure. Whereas the processors were willing to pay for new training on improved waste management technologies, they were not willing to pay more than US$3. However, US$3 may be paid for training in mushroom production. It is expected that public expenditure on training to empower processors to use solid-waste conversion technologies for generating value-added products will lead to such social benefits as lower exposure to environmental toxins from the air, rivers and underground water, among others, and additional income for the smallholder processors. The output of the study can serve as the basis for developing usable and affordable solid-waste management systems for community cassava processing units in African countries involved in cassava production.

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Waste management system in the clothing industry in Santa Catarina State Brazil

Management of Environmental Quality An International Journal ◽

10.1108/meq-10-2017-0109 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 594-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jeferson Correia ◽

Ana Júlia Dal Forno ◽

Cintia Marangoni ◽

José Alexandre Borges Valle

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Classification System ◽

Management System ◽

Value Added ◽

Shared Responsibility ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Content Type ◽

Santa Catarina State

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and diagnosis waste management practices used by clothing manufacturing companies in Santa Catarina state Brazil. Design/methodology/approach The data for this multiple case study were obtained from interviews and by using a questionnaire to collect company data. After the analysis of the responses to questionnaires issued to 22 companies, a scoring system was developed to systematically classify these companies at either a basic, intermediate or advanced levels. Findings According to the classification used, eight companies were characterized at the basic level, eight at the intermediate level and six as advanced. Most of the companies have already implemented measures for reuse or recycling of textile scraps, probably because of the economic value added. Research limitations/implications The classification system proposed proved to be an effective tool for identifying: if each company had a plan of action involving requirements of Brazil’s National Solid Waste Policy; if the company had a management system in accordance with Law 12,305; the quality of solid waste treatment at the entire company and in its clothing sector; if the company adopted shared responsibility actions; and if it had knowledge of the negative environmental impacts. Originality/value This paper presents a classification system for companies based on a questionnaire. The system allows determining the degree of compliance with Brazilian waste management legislation.

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Industrial Symbiosis for Optimal Bio-Waste Management and Production of a Higher Value-Added Product

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9122228 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2228

Author(s):

Edgaras Stunžėnas ◽

Irina Kliopova ◽

Daina Kliaugaitė ◽

Rimas Pranas Budrys

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Food Waste ◽

Impact Analysis ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Value Added ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soluble Nitrogen ◽

The Impact ◽

By Products

A considerable amount of food waste ends up in centralized treatment plants due to the lack of preventive measures, resulting in significant environmental impacts. Hospitality food waste management is even more resource-intensive because of animal by-products regulation. According to this regulation, companies must store and then consign waste to specific waste managers. The extensive need for transportation of high-moisture-content materials is the leading cause of the impact. Moreover, the management of category III animal by-products is costly for companies. A previous study has shown the economic benefits of decentralized animal by-product treatment by intensive composting in catering companies. Although the produced compost was characterized by exceptional quality parameters, it was phytotoxic. The investigation of hospitality waste management is scarcely discussed among scholars, and waste management on a regional scale is nearly absent. This study examines the regional management of hospitality food waste by exploiting the municipal waste management infrastructure and intensive composting at the source. The co-maturation experiment with animal by-products and municipal green waste primary composts showed that the phytotoxicity parameters of the cured compost were in the optimal range or below the thresholds (conductivity (1.1 mS cm−1), dissolved organic carbon (82 mg kg−1), and NH4+/NO3− ratio (0.0027)). Additionally, the amounts of total nitrogen, water-soluble nitrogen, and water-soluble phosphorus in the compost were rated as very high. Finally, inventory and environmental impact analysis of the current and planned management approaches showed a reduction in 12 of 18 impact categories.

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PAKOM PETERNAK PUYUH DESA GAJAHAN COLOMADU KARANGANYAR

Warta LPM ◽

10.23917/warta.v18i2.1958 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 153-162

Author(s):

Lukman Hakim ◽

Dedi Hanwar ◽

Eko Sugiyanto ◽

Zulfa Irawati

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Value Added ◽

Time Process

The purpose of this activity is improving knowledge and skill of quail farmer’s in waste management of quail. The management of waste is processing of organic fertilizer. The participate in the activity are quail farmer’s in RW II Sub-village Ginung, Gajahan Village, Colomadu, Karanganyar. The result of this activity in step I that is be good attention from a quail farmer’s especiality at trainning time process of product organic fertilizer. As for its result as follows; trainning and assistence quail farmer’s is followed enthusiastic fully by participant and greeted positive by head of Village Gajahan Colomadu, Karanganyar. That are many question in trainning process of product organic fertilizer. The others result in activity is a quail farmer’s started processing of product organic fertilizer in housebreed themselves. The processing of product organic fertilizer will be clean in Gajahan Village environment and also this activity will be value added toward income quail farmer’s.

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The Life-Cycle Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Life-Cycle Costs of E-Waste Management in Thailand

10.21203/rs.3.rs-960294/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aweewan Mangmeechai

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Waste Management ◽

Electronic Waste ◽

Economic Value ◽

Value Added ◽

High Tech ◽

Waste Products ◽

Air Conditioners ◽

Recycling Industry

Abstract There is no clear direction in the management of electrical and electronic waste products (e-waste), as there are no regulations on ways to do so. This research attempts to understand the trade-off between economic value and environmental effects of the current disposal of e-waste to find ways to optimize waste management, focusing on cellphones, television CRTs, desktop computers, and air conditioners. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool that can analyze various influences, e.g., environmental, costs, and value added. Under the e-waste management status quo, most household e-wastes are kept in houses because owners do not know where to discard them. In addition, informal sectors, such as domestic farmers or workers, have been involved actively for more than a decade, leading to poor management standards for both health and the environment. The logistics are inefficient because the dismantling communities and recycling industry are far apart. Most e-waste is generated, and most recycling industries are located, in the Central region (the richest areas), while the dismantling communities are located in the Northeastern region (the poorest areas). Further, LCA and LCC of e-waste are sensitive to transportation, and not all e-waste parts can be recycled within the country. High-tech mineral extraction cannot be practiced in the country, and thus, circuit boards and batteries are exported for recycling. To promote a circular economy, e-waste management regulations should be implemented and a full recycling industry should be established in the country.

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Value-Added Metabolites from Agricultural Waste and Application of Green Extraction Techniques

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132011432 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 11432

Author(s):

Muhammad Azri Amran ◽

Kishneth Palaniveloo ◽

Rosmadi Fauzi ◽

Nurulhuda Mohd Satar ◽

Taznim Begam Mohd Mohidin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Social Acceptance ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Waste Product ◽

Value Added ◽

Raw Material ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Green Extraction ◽

Sustainability Issue

The agricultural sector generates approximately 1300 million tonnes of waste annually, where up to 50% comprising of raw material are discarded without treatment. Economic development and rising living standards have increased the quantity and complexity of waste generated resulting in environmental, health and economic issues. This calls for a greener waste management system such as valorization or recovery of waste into products. For successful implementation, social acceptance is an essential component with involvement of all local stakeholders including community to learn and understand the process and objective of the implementation. The agricultural waste product manufacturing industry is expected to increase with the growing demand for organic food. Thus, proper livestock and crop waste management is vital for environmental protection. It will be essential to successfully convert waste into a sustainable product that is reusable and circulated in the system in line with the green concept of circular economy. This review identifies the commercially produced crops by-product that have been considered for valorization and implemented green extraction for recovery. We highlight the importance of social acceptance and the economic value to agricultural waste recycling. Successful implementation of these technologies will overcome current waste management problems, reduce environmental impacts of landfills, and sustainability issue for farm owners.

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VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT AS ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR MAPPING WASTE MANAGEMENT

Journal of Innovation in Business and Economics ◽

10.22219/jibe.vol1.no01.11-18 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Muhammad Saiful Hakim ◽

Imam Baihaqi ◽

Aang Kunaifi

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Value Chain ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Waste Product ◽

Value Added ◽

The Other ◽

Research Results ◽

Alternative Method ◽

New Form

Solid Waste management begin at the household as waste of consumption and ended as a new form of waste product or recycling. Based on its value chain the subsequent process will have distict differences with manufacturing product. Value chain of manufacturing product will characterize as value added chain along the chain, where every side of the chain will generate positive chain. In the other hand, some parties of waste management value chain will negative value existed. Some parties in this chain will generate negative value solely because they must establish some cost for wipe the waste. Dissimilarities between value chain on product and waste will contribute to discrepancy between parties. Main purpose of this research is to identify value chain from solid waste management using value chain development. Another purpose to accomplished is to resolve discrepancy in value chain. Research results shown that household is the parties that experiences negative value. To minimize the discrepancies there should be an action towards household

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Sustainable Extraction and Use of Natural Bioactive Compounds from the Waste Management Process of Castanea spp. Bud-Derivatives: The FINNOVER Project

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su122410640 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (24) ◽

pp. 10640

Author(s):

Dario Donno ◽

Federica Turrini ◽

Raffaella Boggia ◽

Maddalena Guido ◽

Giovanni Gamba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Value Added ◽

Total Content ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Management Process ◽

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽

Green Extraction ◽

Sustainable Extraction ◽

By Products

The FINNOVER project provides a technical and economic path for the creation of new supply chains, or their development, for the sustainable extraction and utilization of natural biologically active molecules. In this research, a green extraction method and re-use strategy of botanical by-products are developed and used to obtain value-added products as an ecological alternative to waste composting or incineration. It was applied to the production of Castanea spp. bud-derivatives (a specific category of food supplements derived from plant material) and their by-products. This study aimed to compare the phytochemical composition of Castanea spp. bud-preparations (herbal preparations from buds and sprouts) with the extracts derived from the bud-waste management process. Bioactive compounds were extracted by maceration in hydroglyceroalcoholic solution (traditional method) and by a green extraction technique (Pulsed Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction—PUAE) and identified and quantified by HPLC methods obtaining a specific chromatographic profile. PUAE extracted a total content of 160.42 mg/100 g FW, a good amount if compared to the relative commercial product (1276.17 mg/100 g FW). About 13% of the chemical content of Castanea spp. bud-preparations was maintained in the by-product extracts. This research showed that PUAE may be considered as a sustainable alternative to waste management based on incineration or composting. This study could be considered by the industries for the development of new products for the market derived from the bud-derivative processing waste.

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