Funcionamiento antisocial y comportamiento perturbador en los centros educativos: factores de riesgo personales, de apoyo social y rendimiento académico = Antisocial functioning and disruptive behavior within educational centers: Risk factors of personality, social support, and academic achievement”

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Martínez Sevilla
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Disruptive Behavior ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
Factores De Riesgo

scholarly journals Fatores relacionados à resiliência de adolescentes em contextos de vulnerabilidade social: revisão integrativa

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-625
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Sibalde Vanderley ◽  
Merenciana de Albuquerque Sibalde Vanderley ◽  
Alef Diôgo Da Silva Santana ◽  
Fabio Scorsolini-Comin ◽  
Waldemar Brandão Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
Factores De Riesgo

Introducción: La resiliencia puede entenderse como un proceso de superación y persistencia contra las fragilidades experimentadas. Los adolescentes en contextos de vulnerabilidad social encuentran obstáculos en el desarrollo de su resiliencia, dificultando la visibilidad de las estrategias de afrontamiento/respuestas a las adversidades de la vida cotidiana. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica disponible en la literatura sobre los factores relacionados con la resiliencia de adolescentes en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. Método: Revisión integradora de los artículos publicados en portugués, inglés o español, desde 2014 a 2018, en bibliotecas/bases Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, Cochrane, BDENF IBECS, CINAHL y PsycINFO. Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores “Psychological Resilience”, “Social Vulnerability”, “Adolescent” y “Adolescent Health”, resultando en 17 artículos. La pregunta guía fue: ¿Cuáles son los factores relacionados con la resiliencia de adolescentes en contextos de vulnerabilidad social? Resultados: Se han formado cinco clases que representan los factores que contribuyen a la resiliencia en adolescentes en situación de vulnerabilidad social, nombradas como: aspiraciones para el futuro, factores de riesgo, barreras institucionales, exposición y apoyo social. Conclusión: Los factores que fortalecen la resiliencia social son el apoyo prestado por familiares, amigos, profesores, aspectos culturales y religiosos y los factores de riesgo son la violencia, la drogadicción, la falta de seguridad y apoyo institucional precario. El entendimiento de la resiliencia y especificidades que describen las condiciones de salud de los adolescentes en situación de vulnerabilidad social deben ser considerados para reorientar actividades interdisciplinarias e intersectoriales para la promoción de la salud de este grupo poblacional. Introduction: Resilience can be understood as a process of persistence and overcoming against experienced weaknesses. Adolescents in contexts of social vulnerability find obstacles in the development of their resilience, which impair the visibility of coping/answer strategies for the adversities of everyday life. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence available in the literature on the factors related to the resilience of adolescents in contexts of social vulnerability. Method: Integrative review of articles published in Portuguese, English or Spanish, from 2014 to 2018, in libraries/databases Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, IBECS, Cochrane, BDENF, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The following descriptors were used "Psychological Resilience", "Social Vulnerability", "Adolescent" and "Adolescent Health", resulting in 17 articles. The guiding question was: what are the factors related to the resilience of adolescents in contexts of social vulnerability? Results: Five classes emerged, depicting the factors that contribute to resilience in adolescents in situation of social vulnerability, namely: aspirations for the future, risk factors, institutional barriers, exposure and social support. Conclusion: The factors that strengthen resilience are the social support provided by family, friends, teachers, cultural and religious aspects, and risk factors are violence, substance abuse, lack of security and precarious institutional support. The understanding of resilience and specificities that outline the health conditions of adolescents in situation of social vulnerability must be considered to reorient interdisciplinary and intersectoral actions to promote the health of this population group.

scholarly journals Factores de riesgo que influyen en la recaída de consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas en adolescentes atendidos en el Instituto sobre Alcoholismo y Farmacodependencia / Risk Factors Affecting Relapse of Licit and Illicit Drug Use in Adolescents Assisted by the Institute of Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (IAFA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Tatiana Blanco-Álvarez ◽  
Silvia Jiménez-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Goal Directed Behavior

<p>Resumen:</p><p>El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar los factores de riesgo asociados con las recaídas en el consumo de drogas en  adolescentes que han recibido tratamiento en el IAFA. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, con alcance correlacional y transversal. Instrumentos: Entrevista de Recaídas para Usuarios de Conductas Adictivas, Inventario  de Situaciones Precipitantes de Recaídas, Escala de Control Atencional, Inventario de Habilidades de Afrontamiento, Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés, Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Recibido, Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional, y Cuestionario Breve de Confianza Situacional. Muestra: 107 adolescentes que reciben atención ambulatoria en el Centro de Menores del Instituto de Alcoholismo y Farmacodependencia. Conclusiones: las variables intrapersonales como regulación emocional (conductas dirigidas a metas), control atencional (atención focalizada), estados emocionales negativos y búsqueda de sensaciones positivas son factores de riesgo determinantes en las  recaídas de consumo de drogas.</p><p> </p><p>Abstract:</p><p><span>This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with drug use relapses in adolescents who have received treatment at IAFA. Methodology: Quantitative study with a correlational and cross-sectional scope. Instruments: Interviews of relapsed addictive behavior users, Inventory of situations that precipitate relapse, Attention control scale, Inventory of coping skills, Scale on depression, anxiety and stress, Multidimensional scale of social support received, Scale on emotional regulation difficulties, and Brief situational confidence questionnaire. Sample: 107 adolescents receiving outpatient care at the Juvenile Center of the Institute on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (IAFA). Conclusions: intrapersonal variables such as emotional regulation (goal-directed behavior), attentional control (focused attention), negative emotional states, and seeking positive sensations are risk factors that determine drug consumption relapse.</span></p>

scholarly journals Perceived social support as a predictor of academic success in Spanish university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Tinajero ◽  
Zeltia Martínez-López ◽  
M. Soledad Rodríguez ◽  
M. Fernanda Páramo
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
University Students ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Academic Failure ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

El apoyo social percibido es considerado un factor clave para la reducción del riesgo de estrés psicológico, fracaso académico y abandono de los estudios universitarios; sin embargo, la investigación relativa al modo en que el apoyo social puede incidir en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios es escasa. El presente estudio examina la relación de diferentes provisiones y fuentes de apoyo social con el rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios españoles, en su primer y tercer curso. La muestra estaba compuesta por 219 adultos emergentes, 149 mujeres y 70 hombres, con una edad media de 18.01 años (SD= 0.46), matriculados en distintas titulaciones de una universidad pública española. Los datos se recabaron durante el primer año académico (tiempo 1) y de nuevo en el tercer año (tiempo 2). Los análisis de regresión realizados  mostraron que diferentes dimensiones del apoyo social percibido predecían el éxito académico en el intervalo de dos años. Los resultados del estudio podrían servir para mejorar programas y políticas dirigidas a promover el ajuste y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Perceived social support is considered a key factor for reducing the risk of psychological distress, academic failure and student withdrawal from university; however, research concerning how social support may influence academic performance in undergraduate students is scarce. This study aimed to examine the relation of different provisions and sources of perceived social support with academic achievement of Spanish university students in their first and third year. The sample consisted of 219 emerging adults, 149 women and 70 men, of average age 18.01 years (SD= 0.46), enrolled on different degree courses at a public Spanish university. Data were collected during the first academic year (time 1) and again during the third academic year (time 2). Regression analysis of the data showed that different dimensions of social support predicted academic success throughout a period of two years. The study findings could be used to help university counsellors and administrators refine programmes and policies aimed at enhancing students’ adjustment and academic achievement.

Lack of Social Support and Social Trust as Potential Risk Factors for Dry Eye Disease: JPHC-NEXT Eye Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Hoang Viet Vu ◽  
Miki Uchino ◽  
Motoko Kawashima ◽  
Akihiro Nishi ◽  
Christopher A. German ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and Psychological Risk Factors for Anxiety and Depression: Findings from the Covid-19 Health and Adherence Research in Scotland on Mental Health (CHARIS-MH) Cross-sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gill Hubbard ◽  
Chantal den Daas ◽  
Marie Johnston ◽  
Diane Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Illness Representations ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Risk

Abstract Background Investigations about mental health report prevalence rates with fewer studies investigating psychological and social factors influencing mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic. Study aims: (1) identify sociodemographic groups of the adult population at risk of anxiety and depression and (2) determine if the following social and psychological risk factors for poor mental health moderated these direct sociodemographic effects: loneliness, social support, threat perception, illness representations. Methods Cross-sectional nationally representative telephone survey in Scotland in June 2020. If available, validated instruments were used, for example, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) to measure anxiety and depression. Simple linear regressions followed by examination of moderation effect. Results A total of 1006 participants; median age 53 years, 61.4% female, from all levels of area deprivation (i.e., 3.8% in the most deprived decile and 15.6% in the most affluent decile). Analyses show associations of anxiety and depression with sociodemographic (age, gender, deprivation), social (social support, loneliness) and psychological factors (perceived threat and illness representations). Mental health was poorer in younger adults, women and people living in the most deprived areas. Age effects were exacerbated by loneliness and illness representations, gender effects by loneliness and illness representations and deprivation effects by loneliness, social support, illness representations and perceived threat. In each case, the moderating variables amplified the detrimental effects of the sociodemographic factors. Conclusions These findings confirm the results of pre-Covid-19 pandemic studies about associations between sociodemographics and mental health. Loneliness, lack of social support and thoughts about Covid-19 exacerbated these effects and offer pointers for pre-emptive action.

scholarly journals Socio-Educational Factors to Promote Educational Inclusion in Higher Education. A Question of Student Achievement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Mª del Mar García-Vita ◽  
Marta Medina-García ◽  
Giselle Paola Polo Amashta ◽  
Lina Higueras-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sexual Diversity ◽  
Educational Perspective ◽  
High Level ◽  
Educational Inclusion ◽  
Diverse Groups

Psychosocial factors have a direct impact on the academic achievement of university students, especially when they belong to diverse human groups. This article shows the results of a project developed in a Colombian university with the aim of finding out the identity traits, situations of discrimination, and risk factors faced by students belonging to diverse groups. The research is qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive, approached from a social and educational perspective. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 students. The high level of identification with the group is visible in stufuigureents with affective-sexual diversity, gender identity and ethnic-cultural diversity, considered to be the most discriminated-against populations. Risks in the labor, educational, social, and family spheres are the most frequent.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors of cysticercosis in two rural communities from northern of Anzoátegui state, Venezuela

Biomédica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Toquero ◽  
Antonio Morocoima ◽  
Elizabeth Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Factores De Riesgo

Introducción. La cisticercosis es causada por larvas de Taenia solium, las cuales se localizan principalmente en el sistema nervioso central causando neurocisticercosis. En Venezuela se han realizado pocos estudios epidemiológicos.Objetivo. Determinar la seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo de cisticercosis en dos comunidades rurales del estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una encuesta donde se recogieron datos sobre los posibles factores de riesgo y signos y síntomas de la enfermedad y se tomaron 182 muestras de las comunidades Boquerón y Punto Lindo. Se determinaron anticuerpos IgG contra cisticercos de T. solium, mediante el ensayo inmunoenzimatico (ELISA).Resultados. Boquerón presentó una seroprevalencia de 3,3%; debido al bajo número de positivos no se pudo hacer el análisis estadístico. Sin embargo, los 3 positivos tenían conocimiento de la enfermedad, antecedentes de tenencia de cerdos libres, consumo de carne de cerdo semicruda y cefalea frecuente. En Punto Lindo la seroprevalencia fue de 28,9%. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto al género y la edad, sin embargo, se encontró mayor frecuencia en menores de 20 años. Con respecto a los factores de riesgo y signos y síntomas, se encontró asociación significativa con: consumo de carne de cerdo semicruda (OR 18; IC95% 5,78-55,9), cefalea frecuente (OR 3,6; IC95% 1,15-11,4), convulsiones (OR 18,9; IC95% 2,15-166,5) y problemas visuales (OR 5,7; IC95% 2,13-15,34).Conclusión. Los resultados demuestran poca transmisión de cisticercosis en Boquerón y alta en Punto Lindo, donde la alta prevalencia en niños sugiere que se trate de transmisión reciente.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document