scholarly journals Morphological, phenological and reproducitve characteristics of the invasive weed species Abutilon theophrasti Medik as affected by various plant densities

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Maja Šćepanović
Keyword(s):  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Plant Densities

scholarly journals Influence of different methods for breaking seed dormancy of Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Abutilon theophrasti and Xanthium strumarium on emergence in field conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Jovana Krstić ◽  
Goran Malidža ◽  
Miloš Rajković ◽  
Miloš Krstić
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy

Seed dormancy is an important trait that contributes to the survival rate of weeds, helps to avoid the effects of herbicides and protects them against adverse environmental conditions. In order to determine which methods are effective in breaking seed dormancy of invasive weed species (Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Abutilon theophrasti, Xanthium strumarium), an experiment was set up in 2019 in a randomized block design, with three replications in the experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops (Novi Sad). The collected seeds of one population of A. artemisiifolia and A. theophrasti, were cleaned and stored in cold storage at 4°C until testing, while X. strumarium was stored at room temperature. Seed propagation was done in a weed science laboratory, using nine different methods for breaking seed dormancy. The seeds were exposed to different conditions of temperature, light and humidity over a certain period of time (24h or 48h). The dynamics of weed emergence were monitored daily, for a period of 31 days and expressed cumulatively in percentages. Based on the obtained results, the highest percentage of sprouted plants was determined in treatments where the seeds were propagated under light conditions, in water. An appropriate method of propagation can influence the breaking of seed dormancy and emergence in field conditions, which can have practical significance in the research of competitive relations between crops and tested weed species.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of invasive weed species Abutilon theophrasti Medik., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Datura stramonium L. and Xanthium strumarium L. on tomato

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 183-191
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Radivojevic ◽  
Marija Saric-Krsmanovic ◽  
Jelena Gajic-Umiljendic ◽  
Ljiljana Santric
Keyword(s):  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
The Other ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Abutilon theophrasti Medik, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Datura stramonium L. and Xanthium strumarium L. are four well-known invasive weed species that are widespread in many crops. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the allelopathic effects of decomposition products of these four invasive weeds on seed germination and early seedling growth of tomato. The results of the study showed that decomposition products obtained from A. theophrasti, A. artemisiifolia, D. stramonium and X. strumarium had different allelopathic impacts on germination and seedling growth of tomato. The degree of inhibition or stimulation depended on weed species and type of decomposition product. Root decomposition products of all species except X. strumarium decreased the early growth of tomato (2-37%). X. strumarium had only stimulating effect on early growth of tomato (1-86%). Also, the results showed that leaves of the other three invasive weed species had stimulating effects on early growth of tomato (1-53%). Hence, the allelopathic potential of X. strumarium, as well as the leaf decomposition products of the other three invasive weed species could be used to develop an appropriate technology to improve tomato production.

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides on the Management of the Invasive Weed Solanum rostratum Dunal (Solanaceae)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Jackline Abu-Nassar ◽  
Maor Matzrafi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Solanum Rostratum ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Late Growth

Solanum rostratum Dunal is an invasive weed species that invaded Israel in the 1950s. The weed appears in several germination flashes, from early spring until late summer. Recently, an increase in its distribution range was observed, alongside the identification of new populations in the northern part of Israel. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of herbicide application for the control of S. rostratum using two field populations originated from the Golan Heights and the Jezreel Valley. While minor differences in herbicide efficacy were recorded between populations, plant growth stage had a significant effect on herbicide response. Carfentrazone-ethyl was found to be highly effective in controlling plants at both early and late growth stages. Metribuzin, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen and tembutrione showed reduced efficacy when applied at later growth stage (8–9 cm height), as compared to the application at an early growth stage (4–5 cm height). Tank mixes of oxadiazon and oxyfluorfen with different concentrations of surfactant improved later growth stage plant control. Taken together, our study highlights several herbicides that can improve weed control and may be used as chemical solutions alongside diversified crop rotation options. Thus, they may aid in preventing the spread and further buildup of S. rostratum field populations.

Oscillatory Dynamics in Populations of an Annual Weed Species Abutilon Theophrasti

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Thrall ◽  
S. W. Pacala ◽  
J. A. Silander
Keyword(s):  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics

scholarly journals Weed Management Potentials of Identified Invasive Weed Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabella T. Carcusia ◽  
Pet Roey L. Pascual ◽  
James Francienne J. Rosit
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Conyza Canadensis ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Percent Mortality

Synthetic herbicide, the most popular weed control, causes environmental hazards. The use of allelopathy in controlling weeds is a possible alternative for sustainable weed management. The study was conducted to determine the allelopathic potentials of identified invasive weed species in terms of percent and rate of germination, plant height, length of leaves and roots and percent mortality of grasses, sedges, and broadleaves. The treatments were: T0-Pre/Post-emergence Herbicide, T1Tap Water, T2-Mimosa pudica extract,T3-Lantana camara extract,T4-Chromolaena odorata extract. These were compared according to their effects on Cenchrus spinifex, Conyza canadensis, Impatiens wallerana and Cyperus rotundus. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Completely Randomized Design. A further test was done using Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT). For germination, Lantana camara is effective in reducing the percent germination and prolonging germination rate of most common weed species. On the other hand, Chromolaena odorata is effective in reducing the percent germination and prolonging the germination rate of Impatiens wallerana, while Mimosa pudica was effective against Cenchrus spinifex and Cyperus rotundus. For growth and development, Mimosa pudica was found to be the most effective in all common weed species, except for Cyperus rotundus where Chromolaena odorata was most effective on reducing the length of leaves and roots, and above ground fresh weight. Furthermore, Chromolaena odorata was found effective against both Cyperus rotundus and Conyza canadensis while Mimosa pudica was effective against Cenchrus spinifex in terms of percent mortality. Thus, such potential of invasive weed species for weed management should be utilized. 

L-DONAX, a growth model of the invasive weed species, Arundo donax L.

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Thornby ◽  
David Spencer ◽  
Jim Hanan ◽  
Anna Sher
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Arundo Donax ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Arundo Donax L

Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
South East Asia ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Murdannia Nudiflora ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Specialist Group

Abstract M. nudiflora is classified as one of the world's worst weeds by Holm et al. (1977), infesting no less than 16 crops in 23 countries. It is a major weed species in rice and other crops (Moody, 1989), and is a moderately invasive weed species both in agricultural crops and non-agricultural areas in South and South-east Asia (Waterhouse, 1993). Its special ability to root easily at the nodes, propagating clonally through cut stems and dispersal during tillage and land preparation make this weed difficult to control. This trait coupled with its ability to adapt and survive a wide ecological window of soil types, pH, moisture availability and soil drainage makes M. nudiflora a weed to watch for potential spread into new areas in near future, and a species under the 'alert list' by the Invasive Species Specialist Group. Oliveira Pellegrini et al. (2016) recognize M. nudiflora as one of two Murdannia species invasive in the Neotropics.

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