scholarly journals Feed intake and production in dairy breeds dependent on the ration.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
S. Korver
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Carryover Effect ◽  
Holstein Friesian

In 2 lactations and the dry period, with a changeover between lactations, Dutch Black Pied (DBP), Holstein-Friesian (HF) and DBP/HF crosses with 50% and 75% HF were offered roughage to appetite and 570 or 2310 kg concentrates per lactation. Energy intakes in the 2 lactations were 21 and 27% lower and roughage intakes 22 and 17% higher for cows given low-concentrates vs. high-concentrates; there was no carryover effect from lactation into the dry period when all cows received the same amount of concentrates. HF cows had higher roughage intakes than DBP by 4-5% but differences were only significant in late lactation. HF cows gave 10.1 and 7.2% (594 and 407 kg) more milk and 7.7 and 3.7% more milk energy than DBP cows in the 2 lactations resp.; this contrasts with a yield superiority of HF cows by 15% (974 kg) in the preceding lactation when concentrates were given according to milk yield. Milk yield was 20% (1250 kg) higher with high- than with low-concentrate; a carryover effect was noted at the beginning of the 2nd lactation. Efficiency of energy conversion to milk yield was significantly affected by ration at the beginning of lactation. Breed x ration interaction effects were not significant for intake or milk yield. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) during the Dry Period Improves Redox Balance in Lactating Dairy Cows

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olimpia Barbato ◽  
Belinda Holmes ◽  
Iulia-Elena Filipescu ◽  
Pietro Celi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score

Thirty-six pregnant Holstein–Friesian cows were used to study the effect of Yerba Mate (YM) supplementation during the dry period on redox balance. The treatments groups were Control (no YM), YM 250 (250 g/cow/day), and YM 500 (500 g/cow/day). Blood samples were obtained 30 days prepartum, at calving, and monthly postpartum until four months post calving. Liveweight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) were assessed prepartum, at calving, and then postpartum monthly until the end of the trial. Plasma was analyzed for hydroperoxides (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and biological antioxidant potential (BAP). The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated as OSI = ROMs/BAP × 100. Cows were milked twice daily, and milk yield data were recorded daily. Redox balance was improved by YM supplementation, as reflected in the lower OSI values observed in the YM groups. Yerba Mate supplementation significantly affected LW, but did not affect BCS. Milk yield averaged 28.1 ± 0.40, 29.0 ± 0.48, and 29.9 ± 0.46 L/cow/day in the Control, YM 250, and YM 500 groups, respectively, but was not significant. Nutritional manipulation during the dry period with Yerba Mate has demonstrated the potential to improve redox balance and milk yield.

Oil palm meal and urea pellet can partially replace soybean meal in the rations of lactating dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ratchataporn Lunsin ◽  
Suntriporn Duanyai ◽  
Ruangyote Pilajun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation

Context Several agro-industrial by-products such as oil palm meal could be useful as animal feeds in support of low cost of feed for livestock production. Aims This study investigated the effects of oil palm meal and urea pellet (PMUP) as a protein replacement for soybean meal (SBM) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fluid characteristics, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Methods Five multiparous, early to mid-lactation, Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows (75% Holstein-Friesian × 25% Thai Native Bos indicus) were randomly allocated in a 5 × 5 Latin square design to receive PMUP replacement for SBM at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in concentrate. Key results The results show that roughage, total dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) intakes in the cows fed with 25–75% PMUP were significantly higher than in the cows fed 100% PMUP (P < 0.05), whereas the ether extract (EE) intake of the cows receiving the PMUP was higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the apparent digestibility, ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) of cows fed with PMUP replacement of SBM at 25–75% was higher than that in cows fed with 100% PMUP. In addition, milk yield and milk composition were not significantly different among treatments, whereas feed costs per kg milk yield was lowest in cow fed with 100% PMUP (P < 0.05). Conclusions Replacing SBM with PMUP up to 50–100% in concentrate could reduce costs of feed per kg milk yield, but lower feed intake, nutrient utilisation and rumen fermentation were observed in cow fed with 100% PMUP. The use of PMUP from 25–75% replacement of SBM had no significant effects on the feed intake, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation and milk production. Therefore, the level of PMUP replacement of SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cow should not exceed 75%. Implications PMUP could be used as a protein replacement for SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cows. These findings should be applied further in practical farm condition in order to increase livestock production efficiency.

scholarly journals Zum Glukosetoleranztest beim Rind 1. – Mitteilung: Beziehungen zum Laktationsabschnitt und zur Milchleistung

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
R. Staufenbiel ◽  
U. Reinicke ◽  
L. Panicke
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Abstract. Titel of the paper: Investigations into glucose tolerance test in cattle. I. Relations to stage of lactation and milk yield. Intravenous glucose tolerance test was used in 104 randomly selected milk cows to proove the influence of stage of lactation on test results. The test period enclosed the time from 8 weeks ante partum ( begin of dry period) to 36 weeks post partum. In another trial the glucose tolerance test was applied in 68 first lactation cows in the time from 2 to 7 days post partum. The test results were correlated to parameters of milk yield of the following lactation. The probands belong to two breeds (Friesian Dairy Cattle, SMR and Holstein-Friesian HF) The Parameters of glucose tolerance test show significant changes in the time from the dry period to the lactation cycle, which can be seen as a mean for supporting milk production. The glucose and insulin related parameters differ in their reaction in dependence on time of lactation. Back fat thickness as an parameter for body fat content shows a similar behaviour as insulin related parameters. In this context their were prooved significant correlation coefficients between parameters of milk yield and insulin function in the range from 0 3 to 0 6 But there were seen no relevant relations between glucose related parameters and milk yield datas. No substantial differences were established between the Friesian Dairy Cattle and Holstein-Friesian cows.

Study of productive traits in Sahiwal x Holstein Friesian crossbred cows – Frieswal

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basdev Singh ◽  
Pushkraj Sawant ◽  
Dhruvaraj Sawant ◽  
Gautam Dutt ◽  
Sachin Todkar
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Productive Traits

The present study was undertaken on data of 150 Frieswal cows (a new strain of Sahiwal x Holstein Friesian) maintained at Military Dairy Farm, Agra, over a period of 15 years from 1996-2010, based on age at first calving. The overall means for age at first calving (AFC), weight at first calving (WFC), first lactation milk yield (FLMY), first lactation period (FLP), first dry period (FDP) and first calving interval (FCI) were 928.07±0.08 days, 369.87±0.92 kg, 4054.35±22.14 litres, 301.84±0.26 days, 99.40±0.15 days and 401.33±0.33 days respectively. The period of calving has significant influence on AFC and WFC, whereas non-significant influence on FLMY, FLP and FDP. The season showed significant influence on all the traits under study except FLMY. Both period and season has highly significant influence on FCI.

scholarly journals Effects of stocking density during the dry period on dairy cow physiology, metabolism and behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Fujiwara ◽  
Marie Haskell ◽  
Alastair Macrae ◽  
Kenny Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Energy Metabolites ◽  
Faecal Glucocorticoid Metabolites ◽  
Holstein Friesian

AbstractThe effects of high stocking density during the dry period on dairy cow physiology, behaviour and welfare were investigated. Holstein Friesian cows (n = 48, calving over a seven month period) were dried-off 60 ± 4 d before their expected calving date, and allocated to either high (H) or low (L) stocking density groups. Cows were housed in cubicles from dry-off to 21 d before calving and then moved to straw yards until calving. In cubicle pens, H and L cows had 0.5 vs. 1.0 feed yokes/cow and 1.0 vs. 1.5 cubicles/cow, respectively, and in straw yards, 0.3 m vs. 0.6 m linear feed-face space and 6 m2vs. 12 m2 lying space, respectively. Video observations of feeding behaviour during the 3 h after feed delivery (3 d/week) and agonistic interactions at the feed-face during peak feeding (2 d/week) were made. Daily lying proportion was measured using an accelerometer device throughout the dry period. Concentrations of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGCM) at dry-off, d7 and d35 after dry-off and d21 and d7 before calving and the change in energy metabolites (glucose, NEFA, BHB) from dry-off to d7 before calving were measured. H cows were less likely to start feeding within 5 min of feed delivery and spent less time feeding compared to L cows, but they engaged in displacements more frequently and spent more time standing in the feed alley. Irrespective of the treatment groups, FGCM concentrations significantly increased from dry-off to d7 after dry-off and remained higher during the dry period. Stocking density did not affect daily lying proportion, energy metabolites during the dry period and milk yield during subsequent lactation. This study found that whilst high stocking density during the dry period increased competition at the feed-face and altered feeding behaviour, it did not affect stress responses, energy metabolism or subsequent milk yield.

The effects of monensin on milk production and levels of metabolites in blood and rumen fluid of Holstein-Friesian cows in early lactation

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 933 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Granzin ◽  
G. McL. Dryden
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Summary. Monensin was fed to Holstein–Friesian cows in early lactation to study its effects on concentrations of blood metabolites, feed intake, body condition and milk production. In the first experiment, 18 Holstein–Friesian cows were randomly stratified into 6 similar groups of cows based on parity and previous milk yield. Cows within these groups were assigned randomly to be fed either 0, 150 or 300 mg of monensin per day. Monensin was fed as a component of a 1 kg grain supplement at 0600 h daily from 14 days prepartum to 84 days postpartum. Mean milk yields (kg/day) of cows supplemented with monensin at 150 mg/day (23.0) and 300 mg/day (23.7) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of unsupplemented cows (21.1). Milk fat and protein contents were not affected by monensin feeding but daily yields of milk fat and protein differed significantly (P<0.05) between treatments. Monensin supplemented at 300 mg per day significantly (P<0.05) reduced the molar proportion of rumen acetate and increased the molar proportion of rumen propionate. Monensin fed at either 150 or 300 mg/day significantly (P<0.05) increased the ratio of plasma glucose: β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), but had no effect on concentrations of blood acetoacetate, serum nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), plasma glucose or BHB. Monensin had no effect on liveweight change or condition score. In the second experiment, 12 Holstein–Friesian cows in early lactation were blocked on parity into 3 groups of 4 cows, and 2 cows within each block were of either high, or low genetic merit. Monensin (none or 320 mg per day) and genetic merit were assigned as a 2 by 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Monensin supplementation commenced 28 days prepartum and ended 56 days postpartum. Monensin caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in feed intake (21.6 v. 23.2 kg/day) and significantly reduced plasma BHB concentration (64.0 v. 6.7 mg/dL). Cows with a higher genetic merit had a significantly (P<0.05) higher milk yield (27.2 kg/day) compared to cows of low genetic merit (26.3 kg/day). Low genetic merit cows fed monensin had significantly (P<0.05) lower daily milk fat yield, lower serum NEFA concentration and higher plasma glucose concentration compared to low genetic merit cows not fed monensin, or high genetic merit cows. Serum insulin and bovine somatotrophin concentrations were unaffected by the treatments. The results of these experiments suggest that with Holstein–Friesian cows in early lactation, the increase in hepatic propionate supply caused by monensin supplementation increases glucose synthesis and subsequent milk production when the requirements of the mammary gland for glucose are not otherwise being met. If the glucose requirements of the mammary gland are being satisfied, monensin decreases ketogenesis and the mobilisation of adipose tissue. Monensin had a positive effect on intake in this study.

Türkiye’de Yetiştirilen Holştayn İneklerde Süt Verim Özelliklerine Ait Fenotipik ve Genotipik Parametre Tahminleri

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Derviş Sarar ◽  
İbrahim Tapkı
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Friesian Cows

In this study, milk yield parameters of Holstein Friesian cows raised at Koçaş State Farm were investigated. The means of lactation milk yield, 305 d milk yield, lactation length and dry period were found as 7046.18 kg, 6588.38 kg, 327.37 d and 67.48 d respectively. Also, estimated heritability’s of same traits were as 0.25, 0.26, 0.07 and 0.03 respectively. The effects of year, season and lactation number on lactation milk yield, 305 d milk yield and lactation length; the effects of calving season and lactation number on dry period were found significantly. In conclusion, data of milk yield traits of Holstein Friesian cows in raised Koçaş State Farm herd were determined well condition within reasonable ranges.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

Effects of dry period length on milk yield and content and metabolic status of high-producing dairy cows under heat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boustan ◽  
V. Vahedi ◽  
M. Abdi Farab ◽  
H. Karami ◽  
R. Seyedsharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Dry Period
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