scholarly journals Drug utilization study in otorhinolaryngology outpatient department in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Sumalatha R. ◽  
Nagabushan H. ◽  
Hanumanth Prasad M.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Utilization Study ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Drug utilization research is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in society, with special emphasis on the resulting medical, social, and economic consequences. Drug utilization study identifies the problems that arise from prescription and highlights the current approaches to the rational use of drugs. The main aim of the study is to assess the pattern of drug usage and the rationality of drug use in Otorhinolaryngology out-patient department (OPD).Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the OPD of Otorhinolaryngology at tertiary care hospital, Mandya, Karnataka, over a period of one year. Prescriptions of all OPD patients were collected, relevant information entered in a specially designed proforma and analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 21058 drugs were prescribed out of 8028 prescriptions. Majority of the patients were male (51%). Antimicrobials were the most commonly prescribed drugs (28%), followed by antihistamines (25%), antipyretics (20.5%).Most of the drugs 18576 (88.2%) were prescribed by oral route, followed by topical route. Majority of the drugs were prescribed by the generic names (86.5%). Most common type of infection was ear infection (3176), followed by throat infection (2848) and nose infection (2004).Conclusions: The present study showed that among antimicrobial agents, β lactams were commonly prescribed drugs in the department of Otorhinolaryngology. The maximum number of cases was diagnosed with ear infections and majority of the drugs were prescribed orally.

scholarly journals DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN THE ORTHOPEDICS OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN MAHARASHTRA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Madhuri Kulkarni ◽  
Anant Patil
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Drug Utilization Study ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Prescribed Medicines

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the pattern of drug utilization in outpatients of orthopedics department from a tertiary care hospital.Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, prescriptions of randomly selected patients attending orthopedics clinic were screened to analyze a number of medicines per prescription. Number and percentages of prescribed medicines were calculated.Results: In this study, 512 patients (male 260 [50.8%] and females 252 [49.2%]) were included in the study. The total number of prescribed medicines was 1562, accounting for 3.1 medicines per patient. A total number of oral, parenteral, and topical medicines were 1375 (88%), 176 (11.3%), and 11 (0.7%), respectively. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), antacid/anti-ulcerants, and antimicrobial agents were 641 (41%), 371 (23.8%), and 102 (6.5%), respectively. A total of 54 (52.9%), 29 (28.4%), 9 (8.8%), 6 (5.9%), 3 (2.9%), and 1 (1%) patients were prescribed fluoroquinolones, beta-lactam antibiotics, metronidazole, trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole, macrolides, and doxycycline, respectively. For 371 (23.8%) patients, anti-ulcerant and antiulcer were prescribed, among which ranitidine was the most common prescription [353 (95.1%)]Conclusion: Number of medicines prescribed per patient in orthopedic clinic was 3.1. NSAIDs and antacid/anti-ulcerants were the most commonly prescribed medicines.

scholarly journals Drug utilization study in geriatric patients visiting medicine OPD in tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Ujwala P. Gawali ◽  
Salman H. Rizvi ◽  
Prashant S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Drug Utilization Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Drug utilization study is of utmost importance in the elderly. The consumption of drug amongst elderly segment of society is maximum and many of them use at least three prescribed drugs, concurrently. One of the plausible explanation of usage of large number of medicines is prevalence of multi-morbidities as well as suffer from chronic and degenerative pathology amongst them along with the alteration of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of many drugs are altered with advanced age. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess current prescribing practices among physicians for geriatric patients in tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Department of Medicine in a tertiary healthcare hospital. As per inclusion criteria, patients visiting Medicine outpatient department (OPD) from 01 October 2018 to 31 December 2018 were enrolled in the study.Results: The average number of drugs per encounter was 4.1. 100% of the drugs were prescribed by their generic name and those prescribed from World Health Organization (WHO) list of essential medicines were 70.2%. Analysis of polypharmacy showed maximum 11 and minimum 1 drug was prescribed. Overall analysis of the drugs showed, the most common route of administration was orally. Drugs acting on cardiovascular system (CVS), gastrointestinal system (GI) system, analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs and vitamins and mineral supplements constitute the major bulk of drug prescribed.Conclusions: In our study, though polypharmacy was found but it was necessary unavoidable, but was within the WHO standards of 1.6 to 4.8. Drugs acting on CVS and GI system were the most common drugs prescribed. Prescriptions with injections and steroids were less in the study population. All the drugs were prescribed by their generic name and most were present in the essential list of medicines.

scholarly journals Drug utilization study in patients visiting psychiatric OPD in tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Ujwala P. Gawali ◽  
Prashant S. Mishra ◽  
Salman H. Rizvi ◽  
Sukhmeen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychiatric Diseases ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Utilization Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The illness due to psychiatric diseases and behavioral disorders is enormous, but it remains under represented by conventional public health statistics; which mainly targets mortality more than morbidity or dysfunction. The drug utilization study was conducted to find out problems and provide feedback to prescribers so as to create awareness about irrational use of drugs. This study was conducted in psychiatry outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with department of psychiatry in a tertiary care hospital. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria visiting psychiatric OPD from 01 October 2018 to 31 December 2018 period of 3 months were enrolled in the study. Assessment of the prescriptions was done as per the ICD-10 criteria and World Health Organization-indicators for rational use of drugs (WHO-INRUD).Results: Among total 390 prescriptions; 71.54% was males and 28.46% were females. All the drugs were oral formulations. The burden of diseases are depression 35.89%, anxiety 20.51%, schizophrenia 18.97% and bipolar disorder 11.28% and other psychiatric diseases were 13.33%. Olanzapine was the most common drug which was prescribed followed by alprazolam. Total 1,140 drugs were prescribed out of which 86.32% was psychotropic drug and 13.68% were other like vitamin B-complex, analgesics, anta-acids, antibiotics and NSAIDS. The Most common prescribed class was atypical antipsychotics 26.31% followed by benzodiazepines 20.26%, antipsychotics 19.74%, tricyclic antidepressants 8.16%, anticonvulsants 9.21%, antiepileptics 2.37% and lastly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.Conclusions: Atypical antipsychotics was most commonly prescribed drug followed by benzodiazepines. All the drugs were prescribed by their generic names which suggests awareness among prescribers regarding WHO policies for generic prescribing.

DRUG UTILIZATION EVALUATION AND COST ANALYSIS OF ANTIEMETIC DRUGS PRESCRIBED IN ONCOLOGY WARD IN A QUATERNARY CARE HOSPITAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ardeshna A Nishita ◽  
Darabadi Rispa ◽  
Reddy Harshini Y ◽  
Srinivasan R
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Patient Profiles ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACTObjective: Drug utilization is defined by the World Health Organization as the marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in society, withspecial emphasis on the resulting medical, social, and economic consequences. Our study is done to obtain the variation of drug use and costs ofdrug therapy, from which medical and social qualitative consequences can be found. Our study emphasizes on knowing the drug utilization and costincluded for antiemetics in patients undergoing chemotherapy in oncology ward.Methods: It was observational, prospective and non-interventional study.Results: Total of 141 patients were studied, out of which 77 (54.6%) patients were female and 64 (45.4%) patients were males. The majority of thepatients in this study belong to the age group of 40-49 (29%) and 60-69 (20%) years. The comparison with the standard protocol was made accordingto the use of antiemetics in the patients. Out of which, 137 (97%) patient profiles were found to be deviating from standard protocol, and 4 (3%)patient profiles were found following the standard protocol because of including prochlorperazine which is not mentioned in the standard protocol.Conclusion: As of future approach, education to physician for rational drug use and review of medication chart with patient consideration can givebetter health care and also cost effective treatment.Keywords: Drug use evaluation, Antiemetics, Chemotherapy.

scholarly journals DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN POST-OPERATIVE PATIENTS IN THE SURGERY WARD OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN SOUTH INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arshad ◽  
Raghunandan M ◽  
Vasant R Chavan ◽  
Mohd Fayazuddin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Health Organization

Objectives: Pharmacotherapy with multiple agents before, during, and after surgery is marked in the present day indoor hospital setting. The main objective of our research is to evaluate the prescribing and drug utilization patterns using the World Health Organization (WHO) indicators in post-operative patients in the surgery ward of Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) teaching hospital - Raichur, which will help us to use the medicines rationally and decrease the adverse effects in surgical patients.Methods: A retrospective study was done on post-operative patients of surgery ward in RIMS teaching hospital - Raichur. A total of 574 patients prescriptions/case record forms were collected over a period of 15 months from January 2015 to March 2016 from the medical record section of the hospital for analysis and rationalization. We analyzed the data using the various drug use indicators given by the WHO.Results: The average number of drugs per encounter was 7.04. Ranitidine, analgesics, antibiotics, and intravenous fluids accounted for majority of the drugs prescribed. Appendicectomy (34.84%) was most commonly performed surgical procedure. Percentage of encounters in which an antibiotic prescribed was 99.8%. Percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed was 100%. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 43.93%. Percentage of drugs prescribed from National List of Essential Medicines 2015 was 99.3%.Conclusion: Our study gave us an in general pattern about the use of drugs in post-operative patients in the surgical ward of a tertiary care hospital. Widespread polypharmacy, particularly in case of the antibiotics, lack of generic prescribing are some concerns that need to be addressed to conform to rational drug therapy. However, prescribing according to the national essential list of medicines is good in our study.

scholarly journals Prescribing patterns of cardiovascular drugs in cardiology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Western Odisha

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Ayan Roy ◽  
Nayan Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Drugs ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Background: Cardiovascular morbidity plays a villainous role globally as well as countries like India. Additionally, irrational prescription incurs greater damage to health and wellbeing. Drug utilization studies scrutinize the appropriateness of treatment and provide favorable feedbacks to strengthen clinical practices. The objective of the study was to describe treatment practices in cardiology outpatient and drug utilization pattern using core prescribing indicators by World Health Organization (WHO).Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study of 4-month duration was undertaken for cardiology Outdoor patients at a tertiary care hospital. 615 prescriptions were screened and analyzed.Results: Males (59.84%) were more in number than females (40.16%). Average number of the prescribed drugs per patient were 4.32±2.7 and (3.73±1.1 for cardiovascular drugs). Generic prescription was 60.98%. Percentage encounters with antibiotics 4.11, injectables 2.92%, fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) (11.8%) were documented. Drugs from the National List of Essential Medicines were 75.89%. The most common diagnosis was ischemic heart disease (68.29%). Hypolipidemics (78.25%) followed by antiplatelets (71.14%) were toppers in cardiovascular drug. Antiulcer drugs (PPI/Antacids) comprised 58.54% of total prescriptions.Conclusions: Less adherence to EDL, less generic prescriptions, use of FDC are major shortcomings. Areas to further rationalization like optimal use of evidence based medication like beta-blockers, newer anticoagulants/anti-platelet agents and newer anti-anginal agents are identified.

Increment in Phototherapy After Adopting Delayed Cord Clamping Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 097321792110607
Author(s):  
Chinmay Chetan ◽  
Nishant Banait ◽  
Vikramaditya Athelli ◽  
Bhvya Gupta ◽  
Prince Pareek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Early Cord Clamping ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Larger Sample

Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) in 2014 recommended delayed cord clamping (DCC) in all babies who cry immediately after birth. Despite many benefits, there are concerns of increased rate of phototherapy in babies receiving DCC. This study was done to determine the increment in the rate of phototherapy required in infants managed with DCC vs infants managed with early cord clamping (ECC). Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India. All the infants born between January 2018 and July 2018, for whom ECC was done, were compared with infants who were born between January 2019 and July 2019, after DCC policy was adopted. All the infants with birth weight ≥2 kg and gestation ≥35 weeks, who were with their mother, were included. Baseline characteristics were compared for both the groups. American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for treatment of neonatal jaundice were used to determine the need for phototherapy. Number of infants in both the groups who required phototherapy were compared. Results: The ECC group had 565 infants while DCC group had 731 infants. There was no difference in the baseline characteristics of the 2 groups. Jaundice requiring phototherapy was noted in 31% of infants in the ECC group, compared to 45% in infants in the DCC group (relative risk: 1.47 [1.27-1.71] [ P < .001]). Conclusion: In this study, DCC increased the need for phototherapy by 47% in late preterm and term infants. Randomized control trials with larger sample size are required to confirm this finding.

scholarly journals DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT RURAL TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangal Kishanrao Choure ◽  
Rakesh Ramratan Jadhav ◽  
Sudhir Laxmanrao Padwal
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Utilization Study

Objectives: To study the trends of drug utilization pattern in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at rural tertiary care hospital using the World HealthOrganization core indicators.Methods: The study was cross-sectional, observational study in NICU of Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Maharashtra. Data were collected byscrutinizing the prescriptions written by pediatricians in NICU. The consent of parents of neonate was obtained for inclusion in the study. Parameterssuch as age, gender, birth weight, current illness, congenital anomalies, gestational age at birth, and drugs prescription analyzed.Results: A total 220 prescription were scrutinized. Out of 220 neonates, 53.6% was males and 46.3% females. The total number of drugs prescribedwas 808 and the average number of drugs per prescription was 3.6. The most frequently prescribed therapeutic class of drugs antimicrobial agents(60.64%) followed by vitamin K (26.7%) and aminophylline (9.4%). The maximum number (50%) of neonate born with birth weight <2.5. Themaximum number (42%) of neonate was born at 34-36 weeks of gestation. Preterm low birth weight was the most common observed reason foradmission to NICU. The drugs are prescribed by branded name outnumbered than generic name.Conclusion: This study highlights the problem of overprescribing of antibiotics, inadequate labeling and a trend toward polypharmacy.Keywords: Drug utilization study, Neonatal intensive care unit, Prescription, Neonate.

scholarly journals DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT IN A GOVERNMENT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN MAHARASHTRA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Nishandar Tb ◽  
Kale As ◽  
Pise Hn ◽  
Jambhrunkar Sd
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group

Objective: Drug utilization research is an essential part of pharmacoepidemiology as it describes the extent, nature, and determinants of drug exposure. Indiscriminate use of topical antibiotics, steroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs causes histological and structural changes in the conjunctiva. The present study was proposed to investigate prescription and drug utilization practices in ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) in a government tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra.Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Maharashtra, India, from January 2015 to June 2016 after approval of the institutional ethics committee. Patients of all age group and of either gender attending ophthalmology OPD in a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Patients not willing to consent as well as follow-up patients were excluded from the study. Data collection was done in a predesigned pro forma. Prescriptions were evaluated for demographic data, World Health Organization (WHO) core drug prescription indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel® 2007.Results: In a total of 600 patients, females outnumbered males. A bit less than a half of patients belonged to the age group of 19–45 years. An average number of drugs per encounter was (1080/600), i.e. 1.8. Of 1080 total drugs prescribed, 678 drugs (62.78%) were prescribed by their generic name. 1027/1080 (95.09%) drugs were prescribed from the National List of Essential Medicines and 671/1080 (62.13%) drugs prescribed were from the WHO- Essential medicines List. Total encounters having antibiotics and injectable formulations were 274 (45.66%) and 4 (0.66%), respectively.Discussion: Drug utilization studies (DUS) are a tool for assessing the prescribing, dispensing, and distribution of drugs. The main aim of DUS is to facilitate rational use of medicines. Overall findings of the study suggest that ophthalmologists’ drug prescribing habits were appropriate to a larger extent in the current setting.

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