scholarly journals Comparison of intrauterine insemination and timed intercourse following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in unexplained infertility: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Sayanti Paul ◽  
Saumen Mandal ◽  
Arghya Pal ◽  
Sumit Ranjan Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation ◽  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Ovarian Hyperstimulation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Being a diagnosis of exclusion the treatment options of unexplained infertility are often empiric. There is significant dilemma regarding the superiority of one over another. Despite increasing use of intrauterine insemination (IUI) in adjunct to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) there is scarcity of randomized controlled trials (RCT) from developing countries. Objective was to compare IUI and timed intercourse (TI) in super ovulated cycles among couples with unexplained infertility over one year.Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial total 85 patients were randomly assigned into group 1 (COH with IUI, N= 44) and group 2 (COH with TI, N=41). Patients underwent COH using sequential Clomiphene Citrate and injection human menopausal gonadotrophin followed by IUI in group 1 and timed intercourse in group 2. Either protocol was repeated for three consecutive cycles. Finally, both groups were compared for clinical pregnancy rate, adverse effects and acceptability of the treatment process and outcome. Comparison was done by Student’s unpaired t test for continuous and 2-tailed chi square test for categorical variables.Results: Clinical pregnancy rates following COH/IUI and COH/TI were 13.64% and 19.51% respectively. There was observable difference in the acceptability of the outcome (38.64% in IUI and 56.09% in TI group). All the results including complications and side effect rates were statistically insignificant.Conclusions: Present study failed to show any improvement of pregnancy rates following addition of IUI over TI and it raised the probability that the outcome of the procedure may not be well accepted.

scholarly journals Stage 2 Acupuncture for Poor Ovarian Response: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2182
Author(s):  
Jihyun Kim ◽  
Hoyoung Lee ◽  
Tae-Young Choi ◽  
Joong Il Kim ◽  
Byoung-Kab Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Ovarian Hyperstimulation ◽  
Poor Ovarian Response ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Acupuncture is believed to improve ovarian reserve and reproductive outcomes in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of network-optimized acupuncture followed by IVF on the oocyte yield in women showing a poor ovarian response. This study was an exploratory randomized controlled trial conducted from June 2017 to January 2020 at the Pusan National University Hospital. Women diagnosed with poor ovarian response were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups: IVF alone and Ac + IVF groups (16 acupuncture sessions before IVF treatment). Eight acupoints with high degree centrality and betweenness centrality were selected using network analysis. Among the participants, compared with the IVF treatment alone, the acupuncture + IVF treatment significantly increased the number of retrieved mature oocytes in women aged more than 37 years and in those undergoing more than one controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycle. The negative correlation between the number of retrieved mature oocytes and consecutive controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles was not observed in the Ac + IVF group irrespective of the maternal age. These findings suggest that physicians can consider acupuncture for the treatment of women with poor ovarian response and aged > 37 years or undergoing multiple IVF cycles.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Restriction and Supplementation on Cognitive Performances and Mood among Young Adults in Baoding, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3645
Author(s):  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
Guansheng Ma ◽  
Songming Du ◽  
Shufang Liu ◽  
Na Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Operation Span ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Baseline Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Water Supplementation ◽  
Group 1

The brain is approximately 75% water. Therefore, insufficient water intake may affect the cognitive performance of humans. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of water restriction and supplementation on cognitive performances and mood, and the optimum amount of water to alleviate the detrimental effects of dehydration, among young adults. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 76 young, healthy adults aged 18–23 years old from Baoding, China. After fasting overnight for 12 h, at 8:00 a.m. of day 2, the osmolality of the first morning urine and blood, cognitive performance, and mood were measured as a baseline test. After water restriction for 24 h, at 8:00 a.m. of day 3, the same indexes were measured as a dehydration test. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups: water supplementation group (WS group) 1, 2, or 3 (given 1000, 500, or 200 mL purified water), and the no water supplementation group (NW group). Furthermore, participants were instructed to drink all the water within 10 min. Ninety minutes later, the same measurements were performed as a rehydration test. Compared with the baseline test, participants were all in dehydration and their scores on the portrait memory test, vigor, and self-esteem decreased (34 vs. 27, p < 0.001; 11.8 vs. 9.2, p < 0.001; 7.8 vs. 6.4, p < 0.001). Fatigue and TMD (total mood disturbance) increased (3.6 vs. 4.8, p = 0.004; 95.7 vs. 101.8, p < 0.001) in the dehydration test. Significant interactions between time and volume were found in hydration status, fatigue, vigor, TMD, symbol search test, and operation span test (F = 6.302, p = 0.001; F = 3.118, p = 0.029; F = 2.849, p = 0.043; F = 2.859, p = 0.043; F = 3.463, p = 0.021) when comparing the rehydration and dehydration test. Furthermore, the hydration status was better in WS group 1 compared to WS group 2; the fatigue and TMD scores decreased, and the symbol search test and operation span test scores increased, only in WS group 1 and WS group 2 (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between them (p > 0.05). Dehydration impaired episodic memory and mood. Water supplementation improved processing speed, working memory, and mood, and 1000 mL was the optimum volume.

scholarly journals Comparison of Single Antibiotic Paste Nitrofurantoin and Calcium Hydroxide Paste as Intracanal Medicaments in Alleviating Post-Operative Pain in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis -A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 484-494
Author(s):  
Hira Abbasi ◽  
Abhishek Lal ◽  
Ammara Shamim Jaffrani
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis ◽  
Group 1

Aims: This study aims to compare the efficacy in alleviating pain between intracanal medicaments, namely Nitrofurantoin and Calcium Hydroxide Paste. Study Design:  Randomized Controlled Trial. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Operative Dentistry, Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences, Pakistan, between January 2021 and May 2021. Methodology: 60 patients were randomly divided into 3 groups, each group having 20 patients as following: Group 1: Nitrofurantoin, Group 2: Calcium Hydroxide and Group 3: Control. Preoperative pain was recorded using a numerical pain scale. After access preparation, chemomechanical preparation was performed with subsequent placement of intracanal medicaments. Pre-operative pain score was initially recorded, followed by post-operative pain at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. Root canal treatment was performed in single rooted teeth with patients suffering from symptomatic irreversible pulpitis Results: Majority of the patients in all 3 groups were initially presented with moderate to severe pre-operative pain. After 72 hours post-operatively, 50% patients in Group 1 reported no pain, while 5% patients in both Group 2 and 3 had no pain. Pain significantly subsided in Group 1 as compared to Group 2 and 3. Regarding age and gender, both had no significant relationship with the pain scores in all of the 3 groups Conclusion: Nitrofurantoin has been proven to be an effective intracanal medicament in alleviating immediate post-operative pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis as compared to calcium hydroxide. While the control group with no intracanal medicament showed little reduction in pain scores. So, nitrofurantoin can be used as a substitute to currently available standard intracanal medicaments.

Role of intermittent pneumatic compression in the treatment of breast cancer–related lymphoedema: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engin Tastaban ◽  
Aykut Soyder ◽  
Elif Aydin ◽  
Omer Faruk Sendur ◽  
Yasemin Turan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Excess Volume ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intermittent Pneumatic Compression ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To evaluate the role of intermittent pneumatic compression in the treatment of breast cancer–related lymphoedema. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic at a university hospital. Subjects: Seventy-six patients with lymphoedema. Interventions: Patients were allocated into Group 1 (complex decongestive treatment, n = 38) and Group 2 (complex decongestive treatment + intermittent pneumatic compression, n = 38). The complex decongestive treatment involved skin care, manual lymphatic drainage, compression bandaging, and exercise for 20 sessions. Group 2 additionally received intermittent pneumatic compression. Main measures: Quantitative outcomes consisted of volumetric measures prior to and after the treatment. Clinical assessments included severity of pain, heaviness and tightness, disability, grip strength, and depression. Results: Lymphoedema was similar at baseline, but treatments significantly reduced the excess volume (from 373 mL to 203 mL in Group 1 and 379.5 mL to 189.5 mL in Group 2). Percentage excess volumes (PEVs) decreased in both groups. The percentage reduction of excess volume was better in Group 2 than Group 1, but the intergroup difference was not significant. The clinical scores reflected improvements, but the heaviness and tightness read significantly lower in Group 2 than Group 1. Conclusion: Intermittent pneumatic compression seems to add no benefit when combined with complex decongestive treatment of lymphoedema, but, may be functional in reducing the sensations of heaviness and tightness for the patients with pitting oedema.

Oral tranexamic acid for an additional 24 hours postoperatively versus a single preoperative intravenous dose for reducing blood loss in total knee arthroplasty: results of a randomized controlled trial (TRAC-24)

2021 ◽  
Vol 103-B (10) ◽  
pp. 1595-1603
Author(s):  
Paul Magill ◽  
Janet C. Hill ◽  
Leeann Bryce ◽  
Una Martin ◽  
Al Dorman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aims In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), blood loss continues internally after surgery is complete. Typically, the total loss over 48 postoperative hours can be around 1,300 ml, with most occurring within the first 24 hours. We hypothesize that the full potential of tranexamic acid (TXA) to decrease TKA blood loss has not yet been harnessed because it is rarely used beyond the intraoperative period, and is usually withheld from ‘high-risk’ patients with a history of thromboembolic, cardiovascular, or cerebrovascular disease, a patient group who would benefit greatly from a reduced blood loss. Methods TRAC-24 was a prospective, phase IV, single-centre, open label, parallel group, randomized controlled trial on patients undergoing TKA, including those labelled as high-risk. The primary outcome was indirect calculated blood loss (IBL) at 48 hours. Group 1 received 1 g intravenous (IV) TXA at the time of surgery and an additional 24-hour postoperative oral regime of four 1 g doses, while Group 2 only received the intraoperative dose and Group 3 did not receive any TXA. Results Between July 2016 and July 2018, 552 patients were randomized to either Group 1 (n = 241), Group 2 (n = 243), or Group 3 (n = 68), and 551 were included in the final analysis. The blood loss did differ significantly between the two intervention groups (733.5 ml (SD 384.0) for Group 1 and 859.2 ml (SD 363.6 ml) for Group 2; mean difference -125.8 ml (95% confidence interval -194.0 to -57.5; p < 0.001). No differences in mortality or thromboembolic events were observed in any group. Conclusion These data support the hypothesis that in TKA, a TXA regime consisting of IV 1 g perioperatively and four oral 1 g doses over 24 hours postoperatively significantly reduces blood loss beyond that achieved with a single IV 1 g perioperative dose alone. TXA appears safe in patients with history of thromboembolic, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disease. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(10):1595–1603.

scholarly journals Accuracy and efficacy of diagnosis using clinical characteristics integrated with metabolomics in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Ming Ni ◽  
Wen-Long Huang ◽  
Yan-min Jiang ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
Ru Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined as a complex endocrine syndrome, and the mechanisms underlying its various clinical signs and symptoms are still poorly understood. It is critical to precisely diagnose the phenotypes of PCOS in order to provide patients with individualized therapy[1, 2] . However, the criteria by which to diagnose different phenotypes, which are mostly based on symptoms, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation, remain unclear. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy and precision of metabolomic markers with common clinical characteristics to determine a more effective way to diagnose and treat two subgroups, one based on clinical indexes and another based on metabolomic indexes[3], of PCOS patients. The effects of different the interventions based on the two subgroups will also be observed. Methods This is a prospective, multicenter, analyst-blinded, randomized controlled trial. There will be one healthy control group and two parallel experimental arms in this study: (1) people without PCOS (health control group); (2) PCOS patients diagnosed based on clinical indexes (group 1); (3) PCOS patients diagnosed based on metabolomic indexes (group 2). A total of 276 eligible people will be recruited, including 60 healthy people and 216 PCOS patients, who will be randomly assigned to different diagnosis groups in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the two different diagnosis groups will be divided into two different subgroups based on their clinical characteristics (group 1 based on clinical indexes, group 2 based on metabolomic indexes); thereafter, they will receive a 6-month different treatment. The primary outcome for experimental groups will be the treatment effect of PCOS. Discussion The purpose of this trial is to determine whether integrated metabolomic indexes are more accurate and effective than clinical characteristics in the diagnosis of the phenotypes of reproductive females with PCOS. This trial will therefore contribute to the provision of a solid foundation for the precise clinical diagnosis of two PCOS subgroups, as well as for future research on individualized PCOS therapy.

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