Physical therapies in the decongestive treatment of lymphedema: A randomized, non-inferiority controlled study

Objective: To assess whether the treatment with intermittent pneumatic compression plus multilayer bandages is not inferior to classical trimodal therapy with manual lymphatic drainage in the decongestive lymphedema treatment. Study Design: Randomized, non-inferiority, controlled study to compare the efficacy of three physical therapies’ regimens in the Decongestive Lymphatic Therapy. Participants: 194 lymphedema patients, stage II–III with excess volume > 10% were stratified within upper and lower limb and then randomized to one of the three treatment groups. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups. Intervention: all patients were prescribed 20 sessions of the following regimens: Group A (control group): manual lymphatic drainage + Intermittent Pneumatic Compression + Bandages; Group B: pneumatic lymphatic drainage + Intermittent Pneumatic Compression + Bandages; and Group C: only Intermittent Pneumatic Compression + Bandages. End-point: Percentage reduction in excess volume (PREV). Results: All patients improved after treatment. Global mean of PREV was 63.9%, without significant differences between the groups. The lower confidence interval of the mean difference in PREV between group B and group A, and between group C and group A were below 15%, thus meeting the non-inferiority criterion. Most frequent adverse events were discomfort and lymphangitis, without differences between groups. A greater baseline edema, an upper-limb lymphedema and a history of dermatolymphangitis were independent predictive factors of worse response in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Decongestive lymphatic therapy performed only with intermittent pneumatic compression plus bandages is not inferior to the traditional trimodal therapy with manual lymphatic drainage. This approach did not increase adverse events.

Phase Diagram of Binary Alloy Nanoparticles under High Pressure

CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) is a useful tool to construct phase diagrams of various materials under different thermodynamic conditions. Researchers have extended the use of the CALPHAD method to nanophase diagrams and pressure phase diagrams. In this study, the phase diagram of an arbitrary A–B nanoparticle system under pressure was investigated. The effects of the interaction parameter and excess volume were investigated with increasing pressure. The eutectic temperature was found to decrease in most cases, except when the interaction parameter in the liquid was zero and that in the solid was positive, while the excess volume parameter of the liquid was positive. Under these conditions, the eutectic temperature increased with increasing pressure.

Ultrasonic Investigation of Binary Solutions of Petrolium And Its Products

<p>Experiment values of densities and ultrasonic speed of petroleum product Gasoline (Petrol) and 2T Oil were taken in different volume concentrations from 5%, 10%------, and 95% at different temperatures from 298.15K to 318.15K having difference of 5K. From the experimental data, Apparent Molar Compressibility (<em>ϕ_K</em>), Relative Association (<em>R_A</em>), Solvation Number (<em>S_n</em>), Free Energy of Activation (<em>ΔE</em>), Excess Adiabatic Compressibility (<em>β_ad^E</em>), Excess Volume (<em>V^E</em>), Excess Free Length (<em>L_f^E</em>) have been computed. These parameters are used to focus light on the nature of component molecules of binary liquids and the excess functions are found to be sensitive to the nature and extent of the intermolecular interactions taking place in these binary mixtures.</p>

Diversity of Carbon Storage Economics in Fertile Boreal Spruce (Picea Abies) Estates

A “normal forest”, an idealized estate with a uniform distribution of stand ages, can be used in the study of sustainable management practices. As the normal forest contains a variety of stand ages, the characteristics of the stands can be represented in terms of a “normal stand”, with properties known as a function of age. This paper takes seven never-thinned stands as seven “normal stands”, which describe seven estates of normal forest. The intention is to study the robustness of carbon storage microeconomics to varying estate characteristics. It was found that the economically optimal rotation ages vary. The state sums of volume and capitalization, corresponding to any optimal rotation, also vary significantly. Growth rates vary more than the optimal expected stand volumes. Consequently, any excess volume related to carbon storage adds on to an almost unified basic volume. For all seven normal estates, the most economical way of increasing carbon storage is to increase the size of trees retained in thinning from above.

Optical Properties, Excess Volume Prediction from Refractive Index and Intermolecular Interactions in Dibutylamine + Isomeric Butanol

The alkyl or alkanol amines are widely used as absorbent for CO2 capture owing to interaction between amines and CO2. In order to increase the CO2 loading in amine based absorbents, blending of amine with alkanol may be one option. As thermophysical properties of of utmost importance in designing, in present work, the refractive index of dibutylamine (DBA) and isomeric butanol as well as their binary mixtures at 298.15 K to 308.15 K were measured. The Δn are found positive for DBA + isomeric butanol mixtures. The Δn values were correlated with Redlich-Kister polynomial. The refractive index data were also predicted by various correlations and results were expressed in terms of standard deviation. The Δn values were also employed to calculate the excess molar volume of the present binary mixtures. Further Δn data analysed in terms of intermolecular interaction among DBA (1) + isomeric butanol (2) mixtures.

Experimental and modeling studies of density and viscosity behavior of a live fluid due to CO2 injection at reservoir condition

In this study, highly accurate measurements of density and dynamic viscosities of a recombined live oil and its mixture with additional CO2 were performed. The experiments were carried out under pressure and temperature gradients found in Brazilian Pre-salt reservoirs, that is, in the pressure range from (27.6 to 68.9) MPa and at (333.15 and 353.15) K. The assumption of volume change on mixing is evaluated from the experimental results, and the influence of pressure and temperature on the volume change upon mixing is assessed. The densities of mixtures are calculated considering (i) the excess volume approach, and (ii) no volume change. The densities are better correlated using the excess volume approach with Average Absolute Deviations (AAD) of 0.03%. Thirteen mixing rules of viscosity are examined by comparing the predicted values with the experimental viscosity of the recombined live oil + CO2 mixture. The performance of some rules using compositional fractions (molar, volume and weight) is also evaluated. Thus, a total of 28 different ways to calculate the mixture viscosities were tested in this study. The worst result was obtained with Bingham’s method, leading to 148.6% AAD. The best result was obtained from Lederer’s method with 2% AAD and a maximum deviation of 5.8% using volume fractions and the fitting parameter α. In addition, deviations presented by the predictive methods of Chevron, Double log, and Kendall did not exceed 9% AAD, using weight fractions (Chevron and Double log) and molar fractions (Kendall and Monroe).

Kepatuhan Penatalaksanaan Cairan Pada Pasien yang Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Swasta Yogyakarta

Background: Hemodialysis is one of the therapeutic methods for clients with end-stage renal disease. One of the problems in hemodialysis patients is the excess volume of body fluids. Fluid control is a solution to prevent complications due to excess volume of fluid.Therefore, adherence about fluid management is important to improve condition of hemodialysis patients. Objective: This study aims to describe adherence and the corelation of duration haemodialysis and IDWG with adherence of fluid management in hemodialysis patients Methods: This is quantitative descriptive method. Thirty sample was randomly. The data collection with questionnaire. Data analysis techniques are univariate using percentages and bivariat spearman corelation to describe the results of the study. Result: There is a good adherence level in the management of fluid intake 60%, enough in adherence 40%, and not good in adherence 10%. It was also known that 24 % of patients who a good adherent in fluid management had hemodialysis <4 years and 25% have an IDWG< 3 kg. There are no corelation of duration of haemodialysis p value 0,521 > 0,05 and IDWG p value 0,422 > 0,05 with adherence of fluid management in hemodialysis patients. Conclusion: It is assumed that adherence to fluid management is important for controlling IDWG in hemodialysis patients. Based on result of this study, this is important for nurses to take more intensive education to improve the adherence of hemodialysis patients in fluid management.