A clinico-pathological study of pigmented cutaneous lesions: a one-year prospective study in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Pigmented lesions are group of lesions which have melanocytic proliferation with very common clinical presentation. Diagnosing these pigmented lesions and differentiating cutaneous melanocytic lesions from non-melanocytic lesions poses a great challenge for the pathologist.Methods: A Prospective study was conducted for one year from June 2016 to June 2017 sent to the Department of Pathology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, a tertiary care centre in southern India consisting of 44 pigmented lesions. Specimens were formalin fixed and the tissue was adequately processed for histopathological examination. The sections were stained routinely with hematoxylin and eosin stain and examined under light microscopy.Results: Out of 44 cases, 24 cases were cutaneous melanocytic lesions which include benign naevi 22 (50%) and 2 (4.6%) malignant melanoma cases. The other 20 cases were cutaneous non melanocytic lesions which include 5 (11.4%) pigmented seborrheic keratosis, 6 (13.7%) pigmented basal cell carcinoma, 1 (2.3%) pigmented actinic keratosis and 8 (18%) cases of naevus sebaceous. Most common effected age group was <21 years (31.81%), male: female ratio is 1:2 and most common site involved was face 29 cases (65.9%). Most common pigmented lesions were benign melanocytic nevi 22 (50%) followed by naevus sebaceous 8 (18%) cases. 32 (72.71%) cases were consistent with both clinico-histopathological correlation.Conclusions: Benign melanocytic nevi are most common lesions obtained, seborric keratosis and pigmented basal cell carcinoma were most common mimickers of melanocytic lesions, hence a careful histopathological diagnosis is important.

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Histopathological Spectrum of Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma- An 11 Year Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern Karnataka

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/50277.15475 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Namratha Ravishankar ◽

Vijaya Basavaraj ◽

Reshma Raju

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Clinical Data ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Pigmented Lesions ◽

Malignant Skin

Introduction: Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is a slow growing, locally invasive, malignant skin tumour with increasing incidence in recent decades. Various histological subtypes of BCC have been described which include nodular, superficial, adenoid, keratotic, basosquamous, and morpheiform. Aim: To analyse the clinical data of patients with BCC and the histomorphological spectrum of BCCs in a population of Southern Karnataka. Materials and Methods: This was an 11 year retrospective descriptive observational study of all histologically confirmed BCCs diagnosed in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care centre in Southern Karnataka from January 2010 to January 2021. Detailed clinical data of 64 patients including age, gender, clinical diagnosis and anatomic location were analysed. Results: The maximum number of BCCs occurred in the sixth decade with a slight female preponderance. Head and neck lesions were the most common and uncommon sites noted included the vulva and axilla. Most cases presented as an irregular plaque followed by presentation as an ulcerative lesion. Pigmentation was noted in 18 (28%) cases clinically. Majority of patients (63/64 or 98.4%) had a single lesion. Histological types included nodular, superficial, adenoid, basosquamous and BCC with sebaceous differentiation. Nodular BCC was the most commonly encountered type in our setting, followed by superficial BCC. Only one case of basosquamous carcinoma showed evidence of metastasis to lymph nodes. Conclusion: Histological evaluation of BCC is of paramount importance not only to establish the diagnosis but also to predict behaviour and risk of recurrence. In addition to the diagnosis, pathologist should also describe subtypes of the tumour which has a prognostic implication. This study reveals the morphological spectrum of BCC in the population of southern Karnataka and reveals significant patterns in anatomical distribution of BCC. It also highlights a significant percentage of BCCs presenting as pigmented lesions in the Indian population.

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Basal cell carcinoma in Singapore: A prospective study on epidemiology and clinicopathological characteristics with a secondary comparative analysis between Singaporean Chinese and Caucasian patients

Australasian Journal of Dermatology ◽

10.1111/ajd.12202 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 175-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Eugene ST Tan ◽

Melvin Ee ◽

Liang Shen ◽

Hilary Chua ◽

Yiong-Huak Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽

Caucasian Patients ◽

A Prospective Study

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Basal cell carcinoma- a prospective clinico epidemiological and pathological study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172475 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2712 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. Ammasaigoundan ◽

V. N. S. Ahamed Shariff ◽

A. Ramesh

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Health Workers ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Malignant Tumour ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Histological Variant ◽

Public Health Workers

Background: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumour of the skin worldwide. The objective was to find out the age and sex incidence of basal cell carcinoma in patients attending the outpatient department of dermatology and to find out the various clinical and histopathological features of basal cell carcinoma.Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Patients with clinical diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma were included in the study after thorough history, clinical examination, routine and special investigations like skin biopsy.Results: Out of 20 patients with basal cell carcinoma 6 were males and 14 were females with a male to female ratio of 1:2.33. Most commonly affected age group was 50-70 years (70%). Distribution of BCC in our study was confined to head and neck area. Most common morphological subtype encountered in this study was nodular/nodulo-ulcerative BCC (70%), followed by pigmented type (25%) and superficial BCC (5%). The most common histological variant observed in present study was nodular type (55%), followed by pigmented variant (25%), adenoid (5%), basisquamous (5%), superficial BCC (5%) and BCC with sebaceous differentiation (5%).Conclusions: This study highlights a paradoxically increasing trend of BCC with female predilection. Early detection and treatment of lesions are crucial to decrease the functional and cosmetic disfigurement and also this study highlights the importance of improving awareness among general practitioners, public health workers and general population.

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