Basal cell carcinoma- a prospective clinico epidemiological and pathological study

Background: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumour of the skin worldwide. The objective was to find out the age and sex incidence of basal cell carcinoma in patients attending the outpatient department of dermatology and to find out the various clinical and histopathological features of basal cell carcinoma.Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Patients with clinical diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma were included in the study after thorough history, clinical examination, routine and special investigations like skin biopsy.Results: Out of 20 patients with basal cell carcinoma 6 were males and 14 were females with a male to female ratio of 1:2.33. Most commonly affected age group was 50-70 years (70%). Distribution of BCC in our study was confined to head and neck area. Most common morphological subtype encountered in this study was nodular/nodulo-ulcerative BCC (70%), followed by pigmented type (25%) and superficial BCC (5%). The most common histological variant observed in present study was nodular type (55%), followed by pigmented variant (25%), adenoid (5%), basisquamous (5%), superficial BCC (5%) and BCC with sebaceous differentiation (5%).Conclusions: This study highlights a paradoxically increasing trend of BCC with female predilection. Early detection and treatment of lesions are crucial to decrease the functional and cosmetic disfigurement and also this study highlights the importance of improving awareness among general practitioners, public health workers and general population.

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Histopathological Spectrum of Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma- An 11 Year Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern Karnataka

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/50277.15475 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Namratha Ravishankar ◽

Vijaya Basavaraj ◽

Reshma Raju

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Clinical Data ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Pigmented Lesions ◽

Malignant Skin

Introduction: Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is a slow growing, locally invasive, malignant skin tumour with increasing incidence in recent decades. Various histological subtypes of BCC have been described which include nodular, superficial, adenoid, keratotic, basosquamous, and morpheiform. Aim: To analyse the clinical data of patients with BCC and the histomorphological spectrum of BCCs in a population of Southern Karnataka. Materials and Methods: This was an 11 year retrospective descriptive observational study of all histologically confirmed BCCs diagnosed in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care centre in Southern Karnataka from January 2010 to January 2021. Detailed clinical data of 64 patients including age, gender, clinical diagnosis and anatomic location were analysed. Results: The maximum number of BCCs occurred in the sixth decade with a slight female preponderance. Head and neck lesions were the most common and uncommon sites noted included the vulva and axilla. Most cases presented as an irregular plaque followed by presentation as an ulcerative lesion. Pigmentation was noted in 18 (28%) cases clinically. Majority of patients (63/64 or 98.4%) had a single lesion. Histological types included nodular, superficial, adenoid, basosquamous and BCC with sebaceous differentiation. Nodular BCC was the most commonly encountered type in our setting, followed by superficial BCC. Only one case of basosquamous carcinoma showed evidence of metastasis to lymph nodes. Conclusion: Histological evaluation of BCC is of paramount importance not only to establish the diagnosis but also to predict behaviour and risk of recurrence. In addition to the diagnosis, pathologist should also describe subtypes of the tumour which has a prognostic implication. This study reveals the morphological spectrum of BCC in the population of southern Karnataka and reveals significant patterns in anatomical distribution of BCC. It also highlights a significant percentage of BCCs presenting as pigmented lesions in the Indian population.

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Aesthetic Reconstruction of Face following Excision of Basal Cell Carcinoma in a Tertiary Care Institution.

International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports ◽

10.5455/ijmrcr.aestheticreconstructionoffacefollowingexcisionofbasalcellcarcinoma ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Mangesh Pawar ◽

Aneesh Suresh ◽

Ishita Katyal ◽

Apurva Agrawal ◽

Suparna Prerepa

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Institution ◽

Tertiary Care Institution

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Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Region: An Analysis of 171 Cases

Journal of Skin Cancer ◽

10.1155/2012/943472 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Omer Sefvan Janjua ◽

Sana Mehmood Qureshi

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Neck Region ◽

Margin Status ◽

Anatomical Site ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Malignant Skin Tumors

Objective. To analyze the pattern of presentation of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and margin status for excised specimens in the head and neck region.Study Design. Retrospective cross-sectional.Duration of Study.January 2009 to December 2011.Methodology. The database of the pathology department was searched to identify records of all malignant skin tumors that underwent standard excision with margins. Out of these records, tumors with a diagnosis of BCC in the head and neck region were retrieved and separated. Age, gender, anatomic location, pattern of tumor, and margin status were noted.Results. A total of 171 cases of BCC from various sites of head and neck were retrieved. Male to female ratio was 1.4 : 1. The age ranged from 22 to 90 years. Seventy-six cases presented on right side, 79 on left, and 16 were in the midline. Most common anatomical site was the nose followed by the cheek. Nodular lesions were the most common (46.2%) followed by pigmented variety (18.7%). Margins were clear in 77 (45.1%) cases, involved in 86 (50.2%) cases, and close in 8 (4.7%) cases.Conclusion. Nose was the most common site followed by the cheek. Nodular and pigmented varieties were the most frequent and margins were involved in more than fifty percent of the cases.

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Pattern of esophageal cancer in tertiary care hospital in North India: a clinicopathological study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20171235 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1405

Author(s):

Vishal Gupta ◽

Subash Bhardwaj ◽

Opinder Kumar Bhagat

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Esophageal Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽

North India ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest and eighth most common cancer worldwide. It is the sixth most common cause of cancer related deaths with developing nations making up more than 80% of total cases and deaths. The purpose of this study was to assess the histopathological pattern of esophageal cancer in our region.Methods: In our centre, we analyzed 101 cases of endoscopic esophageal biopsy proven cases of esophageal cancer from January 2014 to June 2016. In most of these cases, dysphagia was the commonest indication of esophageal endoscopy.Results: 65 cases (64.4%) were males and 36 cases (35.6%) were females. Most of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 years. The histopathological analysis revealed squamous cell carcinoma as the most common esophageal cancer (n=61, 60.4%) followed by adenocarcinoma (n=38, 37.6%) and 02 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma (2%).Conclusions: Esophageal cancer is one of the commonest digestive tract malignancy in India. The males are affected more than the females with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. The maximum number of cases being seen in fifth and sixth decade of life. The squamous cell carcinoma is the most common esophageal cancer seen, with middle esophagus being the commonest site. However, the number of cases of adenocarcinoma are on rise.

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A Retrospective Study of the Diagnostic Accuracy of In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy for Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis and Subtyping

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8040449 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 449 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mihai Lupu ◽

Iris Popa ◽

Vlad Voiculescu ◽

Daniel Boda ◽

Constantin Caruntu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Confocal Microscopy ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Reflectance Confocal Microscopy ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Tertiary Care Centers

Current national and European guidelines recommend distinct management approaches for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) based on tumor location, size, and histopathological subtype. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive skin imaging technique which may change the diagnostic pathway for BCC patients. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of RCM for BCC diagnosis, assess the predictive values of several confocal criteria in correctly classifying BCC subtypes, and evaluate the intraobserver reliability of RCM diagnosis for BCC. We conducted a retrospective study in two tertiary care centers in Bucharest, Romania. We included adults with clinically and dermoscopic suspect BCCs who underwent RCM and histopathological examination of excision specimens. For RCM examinations, we used the VivaScope 1500 and histopathology of the surgical excision specimen was the reference standard. Of the 123 cases included in the analysis, BCC was confirmed in 104 and excluded in 19 cases. RCM showed both high sensitivity (97.1%, 95% CI (91.80, 99.40)) and specificity (78.95%, 95% CI (54.43, 93.95)) for detecting BCC. Several RCM criteria were highly predictive for BCC subtypes: cords connected to the epidermis for superficial BCC, big tumor islands, peritumoral collagen bundles and increased vascularization for nodular BCC, and hyporefractile silhouettes for aggressive BCC. Excellent intraobserver agreement (κ = 0.909, p < 0.001) was observed. This data suggests that RCM could be used for preoperative diagnosis and BCC subtype classification in patients with suspected BCCs seen in tertiary care centers.

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Clinico-Histological presentation of Head and Neck Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College ◽

10.37939/jrmc.v25i1.1327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

Mohammad Sajjad Kattak ◽

Abdul Ghafoor ◽

Rafi Ullah ◽

Asif Mehmmod ◽

Mohammad Iqbal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Malignant Lesions

Objective: This study aimed to see the clinical presentation and histological pattern of various head and neck lesions.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Bannu Medical College in association with the Department of Surgery and ENT, Khalifa Gul Nawaz Teaching Hospital, Bannu. A total of 184 cases of head and neck lesions biopsy were subjected to histopathological diagnosis. Patients' age, gender, anatomical location, and other relevant necessary clinical findings were recorded on an already designed proforma. All biopsies were received in 10% buffered formalin, fixed overnight, and processed for histopathological examination and diagnosis. Inclusion criteria were patients with head and neck lesions including skin, salivary gland, lymph node, and oral cavity of any age and gender. Exclusion criteria were thyroid, nasal cavity lesions, autolysed, and insufficient biopsy specimen. Results: In this study, the mean age was 28.58 ± 17.34 years, and the age range was from 10 to 80 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.3:1. The most common age group was 36-45 years followed by 46-55 years and 26-35 years etc. The most common inflammatory lesion was granulomatous lymphadenitis 14.67% followed by reactive lymphoid hyperplasia 9.23%. Common benign lesions were pleomorphic adenoma 5.97% followed by lipoma and hemangioma 3.80% and 3.26% respectively. Amongst malignant lesions basal cell carcinoma 23.91% of the face was the commonest lesion followed by squamous cell carcinoma 22.28% of the oral cavity. Conclusion: This study show spectrum of lesions from inflammatory to benign and malignant, occurring in the head and neck region. Malignant lesions are more common as compared to benign and inflammatory lesions, basal cell carcinoma of the skin is the commonest malignant lesion followed by squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and oral cavity.

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Basal Cell Carcinoma in Cases with or without Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.3304 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (208) ◽

pp. 432-7

Author(s):

Dilasma Ghartimagar ◽

Arnab Ghosh ◽

Sushil Ram Shrestha ◽

Sachet Shrestha ◽

Raghavan Narasimhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Xeroderma Pigmentosum ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Younger Age ◽

Ethical Approval ◽

Keywords Basal Cell Carcinoma

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of cancer in humans and comprises the vast majority of skin cancers. It predominantly affects fair-skinned individuals, and its incidence is rapidly increasing. The objective of the study is to identify the epidemiology, its topography and different histological subtypes of basal cell carcinoma in patients with or without Xeroderma Pigmentosum. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara from Jan 2009 to Dec 2016. Ethical approval was taken from MEMG/IRC/GA. The study included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma irrespective of their age and sex. Results: This study showed 77 individuals with 91 biopsies of BCC including 5 cases of Xeroderma Pigmentosum. The predominant histological subtype was nodular with 41 (53.94%) cases, followed by the 14 (18.42%) cases of pigmented and 10 (13.15%) cases baso-squamous subtype. The most frequent sites of involvement were the head and neck, with predominance in the nasal and orbital region. The mean age was 57.68 years but the basal cell carcinoma in cases of Xeroderma Pigmentosum was seen more in younger age groups. There were 43 (55.84 %) male patients and 34 (44.16 %) female patients with a male to female ratio of 1.26:1. Conclusions: Nodular and pigmented varieties were the most frequent subtypes with nose being the commonest site of involvement. Basal cell carcinomas in cases of Xeroderma Pigmentosum were noted in younger age group with multiple lesions. Keywords: basal cell carcinoma; recurrence; topography; xeroderma pigmentosum.

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