scholarly journals The effect of body mass index on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Serdar Gürlek ◽  
Ahmet Kalaycıoğlu ◽  
Beril Gurlek
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
History Of

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between BMI and BMD among postmenopausal women.Methods: A total of 121 healthy female patients, aged 65.67±8.59 years, previously menopaused, were enrolled. Subjects were divided into five subgroups according to their BMI. History of fracture and BMD were recorded and compared between groups.Results: Among the 121 subjects, 77 (63.6%) individuals had a normal BMD, 32 (26.4%) had osteopenia, and 12 (9.9%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Mean of waist circumference was 96.1±8.52cm. The prevalence of fractures was 29.8% in this study. A simple correlation analysis revealed that waist circumference was negatively related to lumbar spine BMD (r= -0.374, p=0.03) and lumbar spine BMD T score (r= -0,352 p=0.002) whereas body weight was positively related to BMD of lumbar spine BMD (r=0.41, p=0.0001) and lumbar spine BMD T score (r=0,31 p=0.001). Age and years since menopause (YSM) were negatively correlated with BMD and T score (p=0.001, p=0.0001, respectively).Conclusions: Even though higher BMI seems to have positive impact on bone density thanks to hormonal and mechanical reasons, increased waist circumference is a sign of a metabolic syndrome and systemic inflammation which are known as having negative effect on bone density. Therefore, postmenopausal women specifically with abdominal obesity should be evaluated for osteoporosis. 

scholarly journals BMD status of Postmenopausal Women in relation with BMI: A study with 93 cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Samira Sharmin ◽  
Mabubul Haque ◽  
Syedur Rahman Miah ◽  
Md Mahbub Ur Rahman ◽  
Jasmine Ara Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Minimal Trauma ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Low bone mass is a common disorder in elderly population which predisposes to fracture with minimal trauma. This study was performed to find out the association between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences Comilla and Mitford, Dhaka over a period of 12 months from January 2013 to December 2013. A total 93 postmenopausal women were enrolled for this study. All postmenopausal women underwent a BMD scan of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae using a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Participants were categorized into three groups according to their age and BMI. BMD were expressed base on T-score according to WHO criteria. The relation among BMI, age and BMD were assessed.Results: The results of this study showed that the mean age of the study group was 57.13±7.49 years with range of 46 to 75 years. The most postmenopausal women were in age group 55-65years. The mean BMI of the study subjects were 24.18±5.08 kg/m2 with a range of 15.62 to 36.20 kg/m2. Among 93 subjects osteopenia was greater at lumbar spine (45.2%) with T-score mean±SD-1.83±0.33 and osteoporosis at femoral neck (51.6%) with T-score mean ±SD-3.36±-0.67. Pearson’s correlation coefficient test showed inverse relationship between age and BMD both lumbar spine (r = -0.301, p = 0.003) and femoral neck (r = -0.303, p=0.003) whereas the positive relation between BMI and BMD both at lumbar spine (r=0.338, p=0.001) and femoral neck (r =0.343, p=0.001). These showed that with advancing age, BMD decreases and the risk of osteoporosis increases and with increasing BMI, BMD increases and risk of osteoporosis decreases.Conclusion: The findings of this study portrait that aging and low BMI are risk factors associated with bone loss. So preventive measure should be taken for high risk post menopausal women.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(2): 138-141, July 2014

scholarly journals Relation between intima-media thickness and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Fodor ◽  
Cosmina Bondor ◽  
Adriana Albu ◽  
Laura Muntean ◽  
Siao-pin Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Vertebral Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures ◽  
The Relationship

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Controversy exists regarding the relationship between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA), presence of calcified atherosclerotic plaques and bone mineral density (BMD) evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), in postmenopausal women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at Second Internal Medicine Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. METHODS: We studied the IMT (left and right CCA and mean IMT) and T-score (lumbar spine L2-L4, femoral neck and total hip) in 100 postmenopausal women (mean age 64.5 years). The presence of calcified atherosclerotic plaque and osteoporotic vertebral fractures was also noted. RESULTS: IMT in the left and right CCA and mean IMT were significantly associated with T-score measured for the lumbar spine L2-L4, femoral neck and total hip, with lower T-score, in the osteoporotic group than in the normal and osteopenic groups (P < 0.05). IMT had a significantly negative correlation with the lumbar spine T-score and femoral neck T-score; and mean IMT with lowest T-score. Mean IMT (P < 0.001), high blood pressure (P = 0.005) and osteoporotic vertebral fractures (P = 0.048) showed statistical significance regarding the likelihood of developing atherosclerotic plaque. CONCLUSIONS: In women referred for routine osteoporosis screening, the relationship between CCA, atherosclerosis and osteoporosis can be demonstrated using either cortical or trabecular BMD. Vertebral fractures may be considered to be a likelihood factor for atherosclerotic plaque development.

scholarly journals Social and mental functioning in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
Jelena Zvekic-Svorcan ◽  
Martina Miklos ◽  
Karmela Filipovic ◽  
Milan Cvetkovic ◽  
Miljanka Vuksanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
History Of

Introduction. Osteoporosis is a systemic, metabolic, progressive bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density leading to bone fragility and reduced quality of life. The objective of this study was to examine the quality of social and mental functioning in postmenopausal women with reduced mineral bone density. Material and Methods. This prospective cross-sectional study included 210 postmenopausal women aged ? 50 years, who were referred for osteodensitometry to the Special Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases Novi Sad, Serbia. The study was conducted in the period from February 24 to April 3, 2017. All women completed the Serbian version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (41). They all underwent bone mineral density measurement in two regions of interest, and the results were interpreted according to the current definition of osteoporosis. The participants? social and mental functioning was analyzed including the following variables: age, place of residence, educational attainment, employment, nutritional status, bone mineral density, and low-trauma fractures. Statistical processing and analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20. Results. A statistically significant negative correlation was noted between social functioning and the T-score for the femoral neck (r = -0.438), hip (r = -0.412) and spine (r = -0.226), as well as mental functioning with the T-score for the femoral neck (r = -0.424), hip (r = -0.454) and spine (r = -0.319). Patients with a history of fractures had a poorer quality of social functioning (t = 2.17, p < 0.05). Conclusion. The examinees of older age, with poor socio-demographic status, reduced bone mineral density, history of low-trauma fractures presented with lower quality of social and mental functioning.

scholarly journals BONE DENSITY OF THE LUMBAR SPINE L1-L4 AND FEMUR NECK ON CHILDBEARING AGE WOMAN WHO ARE IMPLANT AND NON HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES ACCEPTORS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Kuswati Kuswati ◽  
Rohmi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
T Test ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
T Score ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Significant Difference

mplant contraception is one type of contraceptive in the form of an implant made of silastik rubber containing the progestin hormone (levonogestrel) attached to the upper arm. This contraceptives are effective enough to prevent pregnancy in long-term with a lifetime of 3 years for 2 sticks and 1 stick implant. The main principle of levonorgestrel implants was to inhibite the ovulation resulting suppression of estrogen production. Estrogen is one of the important factors in bone remodeling. This becomes our concerns about the effect of implant use on the bone health status of the acceptors. The objective of this study is to determine mean difference of bone mineral density of the Lumbar Spine L1-L4 and Femur Neck on childbearing age woman who are implant acceptors and non hormonal family planning acceptors.This study was analytic survey with cross sectional design. The population in this study were all childbearing age woman in the work area of South Klaten Public Health Center. The sample were 30 people using purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed using Unpaired T-test with p ≤ 0,05. The result of examination on implant acceptor group totaling 15 people shown that the average of T-Score Lumbar Spine L1-L4 bone density was 0,51 and T-score of Femur neck bone was 0,1. While the results of bone density examination in the group of acceptor non hormonal totaling 15 people shown that the average value of T-score Lumbar Spine L1-L4 was 0.72, whereas the mean value of T-score of femur neck bone was 0.06. Unpaired T-Test statistic test for difference of bumble density of Lumbar Spine L1-L4 and Femur Neck between the two groups obtained P value  0.611 and 0.889 (P> 0,05). So there is no statistically significant difference between Lumbar spine L1-L4 and Femur neck bone density on childbearing age woman who are non-hormonal and implant acceptors. Keyword: Bone density, Lumbar Spine L1-L4, Femur neck, Implant, non hormonal Contraceptive  

Bone Mineral Density Changes In Patients with Paraproteinemia After Treatment with Bortezomib

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4989-4989
Author(s):  
Tamara Berno ◽  
Kenneth Boucher ◽  
Fenghuang Zhan ◽  
Guido J. Tricot ◽  
Benjamin Mughal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitor ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Abstract 4989 Background: Bone disease is present at diagnosis in almost all patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and can impact substantially on patient morbidity and quality of life. Decreased bone mineral density is also observed not only in MM but also in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The pathogenesis of bone disease in MM is complex. The activity of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been linked to increased bone formation and osteoblastic activation. Evidence from the available clinical data indicates that bortezomib has a positive impact on bone health in MM and demonstrates a bone anabolic effect. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 53 patients with MM and 16 with MGUS who have completed bone density at least at diagnosis. 21 patients have completed two bone density (3 MGUS and 18 MM). The bone density was obtained in all patients at baseline and in 16 patients repeated after bortezomib treatement with a median time of bortezomib exposure of 6 months. We analyzed T-score values at lumbar spine and at femoral neck. Results: With a median age of 66 years, 41 male and 28 female were analyzed. At baseline the mean lumbar spine T-score of all subjects and of 16 MM treated with bortezomib was -0.50 and -0.76 respectively. At baseline the mean femoral neck T-score for all subjects and for 16 MM treated with Bortezomib was -1.56 and -1.31 respectively. The baseline mean lumbar spine T-score for MGUS and MM was -0.71 and -0.43 respectively. The baseline mean femoral neck T-score of MGUS and MM was -1.61 and -1.54 respectively. In the group of 16 patients treated with Bortezomib we observed from baseline a change in lumbar bone mineral density T-score of 0.36 and at femoral neck bone density T-score of 0.25. Conclusion: These data show that patients treated with proteasome inhibitor showed moderate increment in bone mineral density at lumbar spine and at femoral neck. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein(a) plasma levels, bone mineral density and risk of hip fracture: a post hoc analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative, USA

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e027257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Haring ◽  
Carolyn J Crandall ◽  
Laura Carbone ◽  
Simin Liu ◽  
Wenjun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
T Score ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Hoc

ObjectivesElevated Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, its roles in bone metabolism and fracture risk are unclear. We therefore investigated whether plasma Lp(a) levels were associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and incident hip fractures in a large cohort of postmenopausal women.DesignPost hoc analysis of data from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI), USA.Setting40 clinical centres in the USA.ParticipantsThe current analytical cohort consisted of 9698 white, postmenopausal women enrolled in the WHI, a national prospective study investigating determinants of chronic diseases including heart disease, breast and colorectal cancers and osteoporotic fractures among postmenopausal women. Recruitment for WHI took place from 1 October 1993 to 31 December 1998.ExposuresPlasma Lp(a) levels were measured at baseline.Outcome measuresIncident hip fractures were ascertained annually and confirmed by medical records with follow-up through 29 August 2014. BMD at the femoral neck was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in a subset of participants at baseline.Statistical analysesCox proportional hazards and logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of quartiles of plasma Lp(a) levels with hip fracture events and hip BMD T-score, respectively.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 13.8 years, 454 incident cases of hip fracture were observed. In analyses adjusting for confounding variables including age, body mass index, history of hysterectomy, smoking, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, general health status, cardiovascular disease, use of menopausal hormone therapy, use of bisphosphonates, calcitonin or selective-oestrogen receptor modulators, baseline dietary and supplemental calcium and vitamin D intake and history of fracture, no significant association of plasma Lp(a) levels with low hip BMD T-score or hip fracture risk was detected.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that plasma Lp(a) levels are not related to hip BMD T-score or hip fracture events in postmenopausal women.Trial registration numberNCT00000611; Post-results.

scholarly journals Comparative studies of bone density by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Alark Devkota Rajouria ◽  
Madur Dev Bhattarai ◽  
Manil Ratna Bajracharya ◽  
Buddha Bahadur Karki
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
T Score

Background: The aim of the study was to establish the correlation quantitative ultrasound (QUS) between and dual-energy X-ray absorp­tiometry (DEXA) and to assess the ability of QUS as a screening tool for osteoporosis. Methods: The study was conducted on 115 patients. All the patients underwent QUS of radius using Sunlight MiniOmni bone sonometer and DEXA screening for measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine, total left & femoral neck and radius. Results: Significant correlations were observed between QUS and DEXA T score. Conclusions: QUS is a sensitive screening tool to detect changes in the bone mass and risk of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Association between Osteoporosis and Metabolic Syndrome in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
S. M. Muraduzzaman ◽  
S. Begum ◽  
A. Siddika ◽  
A. Islam ◽  
S. Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score

The risk of osteoporosis is higher in elderly and postmenopausal women. Several studies in different populations investigated the association between osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome (MS); however, the results are conflicting. In our population, no study has yet been conducted to evaluate this relationship in postmenopausal women. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. In this study, a total of 131 postmenopausal women were included. Clinical history and anthropometric data were recorded and subjected to blood collection and scan for bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Osteoporosis and osteopenia were defined from T-score. The lipid profile was estimated by standard spectrophotometric methods. The mean±SD of age (years) of the postmenopausal women was 57.0±8.4. Bone mineral densities (g/cm2) were 0.78±0.17, 0.75±0.16, 0.72±0.16 and T-scores were   -2.32±1.54, -1.52±1.29, -1.53±1.39 respectively in lumbar spine, right femoral neck and left femoral neck. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were found in 58 (44.3%) and 45 (34.4%) study subjects, respectively. Eighty-three (63.4%) of the study subjects have metabolic syndrome (MS). On multiple regression analysis, considering BMD at lumbar spine, right femoral neck or left femoral neck as dependent variable and age, body mass index (BMI), and MS as independent variables, β values for MS with BMD were -0.041 (p = 0.184), 0.002 (p = 0.938), 0.011 (p = 0.688) and with T-score were -0.330 (p = 0.241), -0.005 (p = 0.984), 0.151 (p = 0.599) at lumbar spine and right femoral neck and left femoral neck respectively. The coefficient of osteoporosis with MS in multiple logistic regression analysis was β = 1.311, (p = 0.003). In conclusion, osteoporosis is found to be positively associated with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals SAT0470 FRAX AND DXA-BASED APPROACHES IN DIAGNOSTICS OF OSTEOPOROSIS RISK IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1192.3-1192
Author(s):  
N. Grygorieva ◽  
V. Povoroznyuk ◽  
N. Dzerovych ◽  
M. Bystrytska
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Total Body

Background:Nowadays, the bone mineral density (BMD) measured by DXA and FRAX®are the most important methods for fracture risk assessment. Rheumatoid arthritis is a crucial disease for bone loss and osteoporosis development [1] which is included into FRAX algorithm. Ukrainian version of FRAX [2] is а new one and its value should also be assessed in patients with RA.Objectives:Our study was aimed to assess the parameters of BMD and FRAX in postmenopausal women with RA.Methods:We have examined 635 postmenopausal females aged 50-89 years old which were divided into 2 groups: 1st(control, n=313) – without any factors which have influence on bone metabolism, 2d(n=322) – patients with RA. The 10-year probabilities of hip fracture and major osteoporotic fractures were calculated without BMD parameter using the Ukrainian FRAX model [2]. The DXA was used to measure the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total body BMDs; the T-score was calculated (DISCOVERY Wi, Hologic, Inc., USA).Results:FRAX indexes for major osteoporotic and hip fractures were significantly higher in patients with RA (Me [25-75Q]): 9.7 [6.8-15.0] and 3.1 [1.5-6.2] % compared to 6.0 [3.8-8.5] and 1.2 [0.6-2.4] % in females from the control group (p<0.001). 45.3 % of women with RA required antiosteoporotic treatment according to Ukrainian FRAX threshold ratio without measure of BMD compared to 12.1% of subjects from control group. Only 3.4% of patients with RA had FRAX indexes which were less than low threshold (requirement of additional DEXA measurement) compared to 31.3 % of females from control group.BMD of femoral neck and distal radius were reliably lower in subjects with RA and consisted 0.65±0.13 and 0.69±0.12 g/cm in 1stand 2dgroups, accordingly (p<0.001) and 0.56±0.10 and 0.58±0.09 g/cm (p=0.02) without any significant differences at lumbar spine and total body BMDs. 16.6 % of subjects from the control group and 31.6 % of females with RA had osteoporosis according to DXA parameters (T-score ≤-2.5 SD).Conclusion:FRAX should be used more widely in clinical practice for detection of risk of osteoporotic fractures in subjects with RA.References:[1]Povoroznyuk V.V., Grygorieva N.V., Karasevska T.A., Dzerovich N.I. Bone Mineral Density and Trabecular Bone Score Indices in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis According to the Age and Use of Glucocorticoids. SM Rheumatol. 2017; 1(1): 1002.[2]Povoroznyuk V, Grygorieva N, Kanis JA, Johansson H, McCloskey EV. Ukrainian FRAX: criteria for diagnostics and treatment of osteoporosis // Pain. Joint. Spine.-2019.-9(4).-7-16.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Association between Bone Mineral Density and Hypertension in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
S. M. Muraduzzaman ◽  
S. Begum ◽  
S. Ali ◽  
S. Sultana ◽  
M. Saiedullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Confounding Variables

Background: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a common disorder in the elderly and found to be most prevalent in postmenopausal women which are thought to be associated with several factors including hypertension, however, results are inconsistent in different studies. Aim of the study: This study aimed to explore the association between BMD and hypertension in postmenopausal women. Methods and materials: In this study, total 76 postmenopausal women were included. BMD was determined at the lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Anthropometric data and status of hypertension and diabetes were collected according to a pre-structured questioner. Results: Age (mean±SD) of the postmenopausal women was 57±9 years. Among them, 46 (60.5%) subjects were hypertensive and 30 (39.5%) were normotensive. Bone mineral density (g/cm2) in normotensive women and in hypertensive women were 0.79±0.15 vs 0.74±0.15 (p=0.160) at lumbar spine; 0.70±0.12 vs 0.69±0.13 (p=0.271) at right femoral neck and 0.73±0.15 vs 0.71±0.13 (p=0.592), respectively. T-scores at lumbar spine, right and left femoral neck in normotensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women were -2.28±1.37 vs -2.75±1.35 (p=0.153), -1.70±1.16 vs -1.95±1.07 (p=0.363) and -1.82±0.95 vs -1.93±1.01 (p=0.632) respectively. On multiple regression analysis, BMD and T-score only at lumbar spine showed inverse association with hypertension (β=-0.069, p=0.045; β=-0.612, p=0.050) on adjusting confounding variables. Conclusion: Hypertension is independently associated with BMD and T-score measured from the lumbar spine but not with BMD and T-score measured from the femoral neck in postmenopausal women.

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