scholarly journals Smoking and blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients: evaluating the role of gender, age and hypertension duration

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1610
Author(s):  
Jameel Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Syed Aijaz Zaidi ◽  
Jawed Iqbal ◽  
Nazia Qamar ◽  
Rahila Adil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Study Results

Background: Hypertension is estimated to affect about 40% of adults above 25 years of age globally. While many of the risk factors of hypertension are well known, such is not the case with smoking. Pertinent published literature is heterogeneous, with a dearth of relevant local data. Objectives was to study the relationship between smoking and blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients and to assess the effects of gender, age and hypertension duration on such a relationship.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a total of 298 conveniently sampled patients, aged 18 or above, from the medical outpatient department of a secondary care hospital of Karachi. The relevant data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire whereas the blood pressure level was checked using sphygmomanometer with stethoscope. Mann Whitney U test was used for inferential analysis whereas the significance level was set at 0.05.Results: Overall, both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were significantly associated with smoking history (p<0.05 for both) where they were found to be higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Furthermore, after gender, age and hypertension duration based stratifications; both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were still significantly associated with smoking history in patients who were male, were ≥35 years old and had <5 years hypertension duration (p<0.05 for both) where they were again found to be higher in smokers than in non-smokers.Conclusions: The study results showed a significant association of positive smoking history with higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, though after stratifying for gender, age and hypertension duration, this relationship persisted only in patients who were male, were ≥35 years old and had <5 years hypertension duration.

scholarly journals Effect of hypertension duration on relationship between blood pressure and signs and symptoms in hypertensive patients:a cross sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2588
Author(s):  
Syeda Nosheen Zehra ◽  
Adnan Anwar ◽  
Shahid Kamran ◽  
Hafsa Jawaid ◽  
Syeda Maheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Urinary Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Study Results

Background: Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or more, or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more or taking anti-hypertensive medication. The clinical presentation of high blood pressure may depend upon several factors such as age, gender, severity and duration of hypertension. There is a paucity of data exploring the role hypertension duration may play in shaping the relationship between blood pressure and signs and symptoms of hypertension. To evaluate the effect of hypertension duration on relationship between blood pressure and signs and symptoms in hypertensive patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 patients, aged 18 or above, with self-reported history of hypertension and on anti-hypertensive medication. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire whereas the blood pressure level was measured with the help of sphygmomanometer using stethoscope. Inferential analysis was performed by applying chi-square test whereas the significance level was set at 0.05.Results: The study results revealed that among patients with ≥5 years duration of hypertension headache history (P=0.021), edema (P=0.034), increased urinary frequency (P=0.031), sleep apnoea (P=0.016), palpitation (P=0.005) and confusion (p=0.021) were significantly associated with systolic whereas only increased urinary frequency (P=0.009) was significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, among patients with <5 years duration of hypertension vision problems (P=0.03), sleep apnoea (P=0.015) and palpitation (P=0.035) were significantly associated with systolic whereas sleep apnoea (P=0.048) and palpitation (P=0.028) were significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure.Conclusions: The study results showed that patients with higher blood pressure were more likely to have the signs and symptoms of hypertension. Also, patients with longer duration of hypertension had greater number of signs and symptoms associated with systolic hypertension.

scholarly journals Comparison of blood pressure levels across the spectrum of hypertension related signs and symptoms in out patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2383-2388
Author(s):  
Imtiaz Manzoor ◽  
Syed Jibran Ashraf ◽  
Shahid Zafar ◽  
Syeda Nosheen Zehra ◽  
Syed Naqeeb Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Study Results

Objectives: To compare the blood pressure levels across the categories of hypertension related signs and symptoms among outpatients aged up to 45 years. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Sindh Government Urban Health Centre Karachi. Period: July 2017 to February 2018. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was organized in the outpatient department of a secondary care hospital of Karachi. Patients aged up to 45 years with self-reported history of hypertension and taking anti-hypertensive medication were included in the study. All patient related data was recorded by interviewing using the study questionnaire whereas the blood pressure levels were measured through a sphygmomanometer with stethoscope. Data were analyzed on SPSS version 20. Results: The study results showed that systolic blood pressure level was significantly different across categories of headache history (p=0.045), sleep apnea (p=0.043) and palpitation (p=0.03) where for headache history patients without whereas for sleep apnea and palpitation patients with these signs and symptoms had higher mean rank of systolic blood pressure levels. Moreover, the diastolic blood pressure level was not significantly different across categories of any of the sign and symptom of hypertension. Conclusion: Blood pressure levels were found to be significantly different across categories of a number of clinical manifestations of hypertension. Moreover, the observed differences differed among patients with different durations of hypertension.

scholarly journals The Predictors of High Dietary Salt Intake among Hypertensive Patients in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Parvin Reyhani ◽  
Fariba Azabdaftari ◽  
Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mamagani ◽  
Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi ◽  
Behjat Shokrvash
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Background. Hypertension and its complications are among the major health problems all over the world, particularly in developing countries. The aims of this study were to show that, weather the hypertensive patients follow the expertise recommendations and differences between men and women in their levels of knowledge and behavior in salt taking. Methods. The present cross-sectional study was conducted among all hypertensive patients in rural health centers of Tabriz, Iran, in Feb–May; 2016. Data were collected by an interviewer-administrated questionnaire, along with anthropometric, blood pressure, and 24-hour urinary sodium excretion measurements. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to compute adjusted odds ratio (OR). Results. In all 205 patients, 62.9% female, 40.5% aged over 60 years, and 53.7% with low or moderate socioeconomic status, 49.3% body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 and above, 10.2% of the patients had systolic/diastolic equal and above (≥) 40/90 mmHg, participated in the study. In total, 16.6% were aware of the daily salt allowance for healthy people with sex difference (P<0.001). Significant predictors of adding salt beyond the dietary recommendations in food preparation were occupation (unemployed) (OR = 4.05, 95% CI = 1.041–15.78, (P=0.044)) and blood pressure level (systolic/diastolic ≥140/90) (OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.28–5.96 (P=0.010)), while adding salt at the table correlated with sex (men) (OR = 4.47, 95% CI = 1.21–16.57 (P=0.025)), age (54–59) (OR = 0.05 95% CI = 0.01–0.39, (P=0.005)), and knowledge (general) (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.99–1.13 (P=0.05)). Conclusion. The different pattern of salt intake was observed between men and women. In general, the amount of salt taken by hypertensive patients is higher than recommended allowances. Both men and women add extra amount of salt to food, women when preparing food and men at the table. Salt intake level both during preparing and eating food may be associated with occupation (unemployed), blood pressure level (systolic/diastolic ≥140/90), sex (men), age (54–59), and also patient knowledge (general).

scholarly journals Treatment compliance of Hypertensive Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Kajal Kumar Karmoker ◽  
Bijoy Dutta ◽  
Md Ibrahim Khalil ◽  
Md Bazlur Rashid ◽  
Md Ashraful Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
The Mean

Background: Hypertension is an important public-health challenge worldwide. It is important because of its high frequency and its effect on cerebrovascular, cardiovascular and kidney disease.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to assess the treatment compliance of hypertensive patients and medical history of patients with hypertension in the outpatient department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka. Considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, 350 hypertensive outdoor patients were included in this study. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.Results: The study revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 50.49 years (SD ± 8.449). Approximately 67.2% of the respondents were suffering from hypertension from <5 years and 15.6% respondents were hospitalized three times and 12.0% respondents were hospitalized more than three times. The mean duration of taking antihypertensive medicine was 4.91 years. The study also found that 48.8% respondents were taking antihypertensive medication irregularly. The mean systolic blood pressure was 129.96 mm of Hg (SD±23.60) and diastolic blood pressure was 86.08 mm of Hg (SD ±12.76).Conclusion: The study results revealed that about half of the patients do not take drugs regularly, which is an alarming sign. Therefore, the instructions and counseling should be given to the patient to fulfill the treatment for prevention of complications related to hypertension.Cardiovasc. j. 2016; 8(2): 110-114

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN HYDROTHERAPI RENDAM KAKI PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI BANJAR SRI MANDALA, KELURAHAN DAUHWARU KABUPATEN JEMBRANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
N.L.G. Sudaryati ◽  
I P. Sudiartawan ◽  
Dwi Mertha Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
First Category

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of giving hydrotherapi foot soak in hypertensive patients. The study was conducted with one group pretestposttest design without a control group by measuring blood pressure (pretest) before being given an intervention in the form of foot soak hydrotherm against 15 people with hypertension in Banjar Sri Mandala, Dauhwaru Village, Jembrana Subregency. Then do the blood pressure measurement again (posttest) after finishing the intervention. After the study was completed, the results showed that before the hydrotherapi foot bath intervention, there were 0% of patients classified as normal, 13.32% in prehypertension category, 60.08% in hypertension category I and 26.60% in hypertension category II. After the intervention was given, there were 13.32% of the patients classified as normal, 66.68% in the prehypertension category, 20.00% in the first category of hypertension and no patients belonging to the second grade hypertension category. There is a decrease of 20-30 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and 0-10 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure after intervention. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the hydrotherapi foot bath is effectively used to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the Banjar Sri Mandala, Dauhwaru Village, Jembrana District.

Analisis Faktor Determinan yang berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Rekomendasi Modifikasi Gaya Hidup Pasien Hipertensi

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Abdul Qodir
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Knowledge Practice

Penatalaksanaan farmakologis dan non farmakologis dipercaya dapat mengontrol tekanan darah dan mencegah komplikasi, tetapi banyak pasien hipertensi tekanan darahnya tidak terkontrol. Hal tersebut dikarenakan kepatuhan yang buruk dalam melaksanakan rekomendasi gaya hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan faktor yang berhungan dengan kepatuhan melaksanakan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional di pukesmas dinoyo Kota Malang tahun 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Consecutive Sampling. Kuesioner yang digunakan meliputi : karakteristik demografi, pengetahuan dan rekomendasi mofifikasi gaya hidup pasien hipertensi. Hubungan antara rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup dengan variabel independen dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan analisis regresi logistik. 140 pasien hipertensi berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini (60 laki-laki, 80 wanita). Prevalensi kepatuhan adalah 28,6 %. Tingkat pengetahuan berhubungan signifikan  dengan kepatuhan melaksanakan rekomendasi gaya hidup (p=0,00). Jenis kelamin, usia, dan tingkat pendidikan tidak mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup (p= 0,06; p=0,21; p=0,87). Pengetahuan mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepatuhan rekomendasi modifikasi gaya hidup. Management of pharmacological and non-pharmacological is believed to control blood pressure and prevent complications,  but many hypertensive patients have uncontrolled blood pressure. This is due to poor adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications. This study was aimed to determine the factors associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications of hypertensive patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pukesmas Dinoyo Malang in 2019. Consecutive Sampling was used to select study subjects. The questionnaire included information about demographic characteristics, knowledge, practice of lifestyle-modification measures. Associations between adherence to lifestyle modification and independent variables were analyzed using chi square and multivariate logistic regression analysis. 140 hypertensive patients participated in the study (60 men, 80 women). The prevalence of adherence was 28.6%. The level of knowledge was significant associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications (p = 0.00). Genders , age, and educational level were no significant associated with to recommended lifestyle modifications (p= 0.06; p=0.21; p=0.87). Knowledge was significant associated with adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications of hypertensive patients.

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