scholarly journals Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus and lower respiratory tract infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Pradnya S. Kale ◽  
Swapna R. Kanade ◽  
Gita Nataraj ◽  
Preeti R. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diabetic Treatment ◽  
Xpert Assay

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) still remains a global public health problem. Diabetes Mellitus (DM), is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia. Diabetes along with poor glycaemic control leads to an immune compromised state. As prevalence of both TB and DM is increasing in India, this association of PTB and DM may prove a threat to TB control program. Aims and objectives of the study was to detect prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with DM and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI).Methods: Sputum specimen from consecutive 250 known diabetic adult patients with type 2 diabetes and clinical evidence of LRTI were processed for microscopy, solid culture and Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Clinical findings, duration of DM, regularity of treatment and recent fasting blood glucose level were noted.Results: TB was detected in 31(12.8%) patients. Microscopy, culture and Xpert assay were positive in 14(5.6%), 29(11.6%) and 24(9.5%) cases respectively. Culture detected seven cases more than Xpert assay. Two additional cases were detected by Xpert assay than culture. Rifampicin resistance was detected in seven (29.17%) cases by Xpert assay. TB detection rate was higher in patients with more than two weeks of cough (14.38%), history of tuberculosis (15.9%), hyperglycemia (13.9%) and significantly higher in those with irregular anti-diabetic treatment (35.7%).Conclusions: Irregular anti-diabetic treatment, hyperglycaemia and history of tuberculosis were strongly associated with pulmonary TB. Xpert assay should be used as the initial diagnostic test for detection of tuberculosis as well as rifampicin resistance in diabetic patients by TB control programme.

scholarly journals Clinical and Radiological Presentations of Various Pulmonary Infections in Hospitalized Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Prospective, Hospital-Based, Comparative, Case Series Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pravesh Vishwakarma ◽  
Kauser Usman ◽  
Rajiv Garg ◽  
Jyoti Bajpai ◽  
Rishi Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Bilateral Lesions

Background. Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased rate of respiratory tract infections. The objective was to compare demographic, clinical, serum biochemical, and typical and atypical radiological profiles among hospitalized diabetics and nondiabetics with lower respiratory tract infection. Material and Methods. A prospective, hospital-based, consecutive, comparative observational study of 12-month study duration was conducted. Patients aged 13–90 years diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection with or without diagnosed diabetes mellitus participated in the study. Demographic, clinical, serum biochemistry, and radiological profiles of diabetics ( n = 44 ) and nondiabetics ( n = 53 ) were compared. Results. Diabetics were older than nondiabetics at presentation ( p < 0.0001 ). Difference in mean random blood sugar (RBS) ( p < 0.001 ), fasting blood sugar (FBS) ( p < 0.001 ), and postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) ( p < 0.0001 ) was significant between diabetics and nondiabetics. Nondiabetics more frequently presented with fever ( p = 0.0032 ), chest pain ( p = 0.0002 ), and hemoptysis ( p = 0.01 ) as compared to diabetics. Diabetics more frequently presented with extreme temperatures (hypothermia or hyperpyrexia) ( p = 0.022 ), lower serum sodium levels ( p = 0.047 ), and lower partial arterial pressure ( p < 0.001 ) than nondiabetics. The mean pneumonia patient outcomes research team (PORT) risk score was higher in diabetics ( 124.84 ± 41.31 ) compared to nondiabetics ( 77.85 ± 39.77 ) ( p < 0.001 ). Diabetics more commonly displayed bilateral lesions with multilobe or lower lobe involvement, the most common type of lesion being exudative. Conclusion. Diabetic patients usually had severe pulmonary infection and poor prognosis as suggested by higher mean PORT risk score. They also more frequently presented with bilateral lesions with multilobe or lower lobe involvement as evidenced by radiography as compared to nondiabetic patients.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Pollution as a Risk Factor of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niraj Acharya ◽  
Pradip Mishra ◽  
Veena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Family History ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
History Of

Introduction: This study was conducted to find out if indoor air pollution has any risk in occurrence of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) in children.Materials and methods: It was a case control study conducted on total 214 children 107 cases and 107 controls fulfilling the inclusion criteria with age and sex matched. Detailed history and physical examination was done after taking informed consent. History of upper respiratory tract infection in the family members and siblings, history of smoking by various family members, details of cooking fuel and indoor pollution was also recorded.Results: Those families using wood as a cooking material were associated with higher risk of ALRI (p=0.0001). Exposure to domestic animal was significantly positively associated (p=0.0001) and seven times higher risk to develop ALRI as compared to control group. Those children of case group who did not have separate kitchen were having nine times higher risk of ALRI (p=0.001). Family history of smoking was associated with six times increased risk of ALRI (p=0.001). With the use of kerosene lamps risk of ALRI was increased by 1.44 times (p=0.012).Conclusions: The significant environmental risk factors for ALRI were wood as cooking material, presence of domestic animal, place for cooking, family history of smoking, absence of windows and kerosene lamp as a source of light.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.13(1) 2015: 5-7  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document