scholarly journals Comparative study of prophylactic dexamethasone versus placebo for reducing post-operative sore throat after tracheal intubation: a prospective, randomised, double blinded clinical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2583
Author(s):  
Neethu George ◽  
Sumesh Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Tracheal intubation for elective surgical procedures can result in pathological changes, trauma and nerve damage which may account for postoperative sore throat, hoarseness and cough. Dexamethasone is a very potent long acting glucocorticoid with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiemetic effects which helps to reduce post-operative sore throat.Methods: A prospective double blinded randomized study was conducted involving 80 patients, dividing them into 2 groups. Group D received dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg and group S received an equivalent volume of normal saline (placebo) intravenously before induction. Intubation was performed by an experienced anesthesiologist. Anesthesia induction and maintenance dosage were standardized for all patients. The incidence and severity of sore throat, hoarseness and cough were recorded at 1, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively by using four-point scale.Results: The overall incidence of sore throat and hoarseness was significantly reduced in dexamethasone group compared to placebo (normal saline) group. Incidence and severity of sore throat and hoarseness were assessed at 1 hour, 6 hours and 24 hours interval and found out that they were reduced in dexamethasone group compared to placebo group which was statistically significant at all intervals. But incidence and severity of cough reduced significantly only in the first hour. It was comparable at 6 and 24 hours between the groups.Conclusions: Dexamethasone was effective in reducing the incidence and severity of sore throat and hoarseness at 1, 6 and 24 hours. Incidence of postoperative cough was reduced significantly at 1 hour in the dexamethasone group.

scholarly journals Efficacy of dexamethasone in reducing the incidence of postoperative sore throat: a double blind randomized study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujita Manandhar ◽  
Kishor Manandhar ◽  
Sharad Khakrel
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Postoperative Sore Throat ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dexamethasone Group

Introductions: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a commonly seen adverse event after general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Dexamethasone, a potent corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory action is the most popular steroid studied in this regard with positive results. Methods: This randomized, prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted on one hundred and ten adult patients of either sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I & II, undergoing elective surgeries requiring endotracheal tube intubation. After obtaining written informed consent, they were randomly divided into Control (A, n=55) and Dexamethasone (B, n=55) groups and received either an injection of Dexamethasone (Group B) 8 mg intravenously or an equivalent volume of Normal Saline (Group A) just before entering the operating theatre. All the patients received a similar anesthesia with endotracheal tube intubation and at the end of surgery, extubated and transferred to the post-anesthesia care unit. The incidence and severity of sore throat were assessed at 1, 6 and 24 hours post-extubation. Severity of sore throat were graded on a 4 point scale, p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Incidence of POST in Dexamethasone group was found significantly low compared to the control group up to six hours (p<0.05) but was comparable at 24 hours post extubation. Severity of POST in the study group was of lower grade in compare to control group. Conclusions: Prophylactic intravenous Dexamethasone 8 mg administered to patients undergoing elective surgeries requiring endotracheal tube intubation significantly reduces the incidence and severity of POST up to six hours post-extubation.

scholarly journals Comparison of Ketamine Nebulisation with Ketamine Gargle in Attenuating Post Operative Sore Throat Following General Anaesthesia with Endotracheal Intubation

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Anjali Modak ◽  
Eshana Rasheed ◽  
Nikhil Bhalerao ◽  
Pallavi Devulkar
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Preservative Free

Background & Objective: In the post operative period, Sore throat is a common morbidity following tracheal intubation. The aim was to compare ketamine nebulisation with ketamine gargle to see the effectiveness of nebulisation over gargle in reducing the incidence and severity of post operative sore throat (POST). Methods: In this prospective, randomized study 80 patients between 18-64 year, of either sex belonging to ASA I/II, scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia, were assigned into two groups of 40 patients each. Group GK received preservative free ketamine 50mg in 29 ml of saline, gargled for 30 seconds and Group NK received ketamine 50 mg in 4ml of normal saline via nebulisation for 15 min. General anaesthesia was induced 5 min later in both the groups. Postoperatively sore throat was assessed at 0, 2, 4, 24 hrs using four point scale (0-3). Results: The incidence of POST at 0, 2, 4, 24 hrs was 27%, 25%, 20% and 17% respectively in GK group and 20%, 17.5%, 12.5% and 7.5% in NK group respectively with no statistical difference between the two.. None of the patients in either group experienced severe sore throat. Conclusion: Ketamine nebulisation seemed to represent an effective alternative to ketamine gargle for reliving Post Operative sore throat.

scholarly journals A comparison of the effect of dexamethasone and pethidine for prevention of shivering after spinal anesthesia in caesarean section: randomization clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2646-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamideh Gholami ◽  
Yousef Moradi ◽  
Zaher Khazaei ◽  
Shahrzad Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Postanesthetic Shivering ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Postanesthetic shivering is one of the most common complications and problems after operations. Medications and drugs can be used to prevent postanesthetic shivering. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of Dexamethasone and Pethidine in preventing postanesthetic shivering after spinal anesthesia in Iranian women undergoing caesarean section. Method: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was performed in 66 pregnant women who were referred to Ayatollah Moosavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran for elective cesarean section, from December 2011 to November 2012. All participants who have ASA I-II were randomly classified into three groups: Dexamethasone receivers (Group A), Pethidine receivers (Group B), and Normal Saline receivers (Group C). Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS16 software. IRCT registration number of this study is IRCT201112198469N1. Conclusion: Although statistically there was no significant difference between the three groups of Dexamethasone, Pethidine and Normal Saline receivers regarding shivering reduction; clinical complication rate in Dexamethasone group was lower comparedto Pethidine and Normal Saline groups. Results: There was no significant difference between three groups regarding shivering reduction. There were 11 (72.5%) trembling cases in Normal Saline group, 6 cases (27.3%) in Dexamethasone group, and 12 cases (54.5%) in Pethidine group.

scholarly journals Effect of Intravenous Dexamethasone on Propofol Injection Pain: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sazzad Hossain ◽  
Md Afzalur Rahman ◽  
Mamunur Rashid ◽  
Monirul Islam ◽  
Anisur Rahman Babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedure ◽  
American Society ◽  
American Society Of Anesthesiologists

Background and aim of study: Pain on propofol injection (POPI) is a common problem. None of the commonly used methods completely attenuate the pain. Inflammatory response to propofol contributes to the pain. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone in attenuation of pain following intravenous injection of propofol. Materials and methods: A total of 80 adult patients were scheduled in this study with either sex, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade I and II, for routine elective surgical procedure under general anesthesia. The patients enrolled were divided randomly into two groups of 40 patients each. Group I received 0.15 mg/kg of intravenous dexamethasone in 5 ml normal saline and Group II (placebo group) received 5 ml of 0.9% intravenous normal saline, following exsanguination and occlusion of the vein of the arm. This was followed by 0.5 mg/kg of propofol intravenously.The patients were asked to report their pain during injection of propofol according to the McCririck and Hunter scale. Results: The incidence of pain experienced in dexamethasone group was 45% patients and in saline group was 70% patients (p<0.05). The severity of POPI was also lower in dexamethasone group than the saline group (p<0.05). The incidence of mild and moderate pain in dexamethasone groups versus saline group was 30% versus 45% and 15% versus 25% respectively p<0.05. There was no severe pain recorded in any groups. Conclusion: Pretreatment with intravenous dexamethasone (0.15 mg/kg) before injection of propofol is effective and safe in reducing the incidence and severity of pain on propofol injection (POPI). Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2019; 25(1): 28-33

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal Hydrocortisone plus Bupivacaine versus Bupivacaine alone for Pain Relief after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Sharma ◽  
Kalpana Kharbuja ◽  
Nil Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the gold standard in the treatment of gallstones since last decades. Beside several benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with open surgery, postoperative pain is still a frequent melancholy.  Hence, pain management is utmost regarding patients' comfort. The main objective of the study was to compare the effect of intraperitoneal hydrocortisone plus bupivacaine with bupivacaine alone on pain relief following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.   Methods: A randomized study was conducted from December 2015 to August 2015 that included 100 patients aged 20 to 60 years of both genders who were found to have symptomatic gallstones and were scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Lumbini Medical College. Patients randomly received 100 mg hydrocortisone plus 100 mg bupivacaine in 200 ml normal saline (group A) or 100 mg bupivacaine in 200 ml normal saline (group B) into the peritoneum. Post-operative abdominal and shoulder pain were evaluated using Visual Analog Score (VAS). The patients were also followed up for postoperative analgesic requirements, and recovery variables. Data were collected, tabulated and analyzed statistically using SPSS version 19.   Results: Total number of patients in this study were 100. Age and gender among both groups were comparable. VAS scores for pain was significantly lower for group A as compared to group B at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Time of oral intake in hrs for liquids and solids was statistically significant in Group A compared to Group B. Rescue analgesic requirement was also significantly low in Group A compared to Group B. Hospital stay in both group were comparable.   Conclusion: Combination of hydrocortisone plus bupivacaine can relieve pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy better compared to bupivacaine alone when administered intraperitoneally.

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY OF COMPARISON OF PROPHYLACTIC KETAMINE, CLONIDINE AND TRAMODOL FOR THE CONTROL OF SHIVERING UNDER NEURAXIALANAESTHESIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rajeev Krishan ◽  
Praveen Kumar Singh ◽  
Chandeshwar Choudhary ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Biogenic Monoamines ◽  
Subarachnoid Block

Background: Thermoregulatory system coordinates defenses against environmental temperature to maintain internal core temperature within a narrow range, thus optimizing normal body function and homeostasis in humans. Anaesthetic induced thermoregulatory impairment and hence hypothermia in cold environments. Shivering is an important complication of hypothermia. Shivering is an involuntary, oscillatory muscular activity that augments metabolic heat production upto 600% above basal level to increase temperature. It is associated with substantial adrenergic activation, discomfort and can double or even triple oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. Potent anti-shivering properties have been attributed to numerous drugs including biogenic monoamines, cholinomimetics, cations, endogenous peptides and possibly N-methyl-D- aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists like ketamine, tramadol and clonidine. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic use of intravenous ketamine, clonidine and tramadol in control of shivering and to note any side-effects of the drugs used. Methods: A total number of 120 ASA I and 2 patients of either sex belonging to age group 18-60 years posted for Lower Abdomen and Lower Limb surgeries under subarachnoid block were divided into four groups of 30 each. Group P (control group): Patients received 10mL of normal saline IV as placebo. Group K: Patients received Inj. Ketamine 0.5mg/kg BW IV diluted to 10ml in Normal Saline. Group C: Patients received Inj. Clonidine 75mcg IV diluted to 10ml in Normal Saline. Group T: patients received Inj. Tramadol 0.5mg/kg BW IV diluted to 10ml in normal saline. Results: We conclude that giving Ketamine 0.5mg/kg,Clonidine 75mcg or tramadol 0.5mg/kg i.v. prophylactically just before subarachnoid block significantly decreased the incidence of shivering without causing any major side effects. Conclusion: Ketamine, Tramadol or Clonidine decrease shivering during spinal anesthesia.

scholarly journals Sevoflurane at 1.0 MAC together with remifentanil and propofol produces clinically acceptable intubation conditions at the vocal cords: A prospective randomized study

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1098-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Ovari ◽  
Ilona Bicker ◽  
Susann Machmueller ◽  
Tobias Schuldt ◽  
Martin Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Minimum Alveolar Concentration ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Prospective Clinical Trial ◽  
Prospective Randomized Study ◽  
Vocal Cords

Objective The overall intubation conditions after tracheal intubation with remifentanil, propofol, and sevoflurane at 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) are worse than with rocuronium at 0.45 mg/kg. Therefore, we compared the intubation conditions and laryngeal morbidity (vocal cord injuries, hoarseness, and sore throat) with sevoflurane at 1.2 and 1.4 MAC versus 1.0 MAC. Methods In this prospective clinical trial, 90 patients were randomized to 3 groups: the sevoflurane 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 MAC groups. At 3 min, tracheal intubation was performed and the patients’ intubation conditions were assessed. The vocal cords were examined for injury by videolaryngoscopy. Additionally, the incidence and severity of laryngeal morbidity were compared between women and men. Results Acceptable intubation conditions were seen in 72% of the patients without significant differences between the groups. Overall, vocal cord injuries (oedema) occurred in three (4%) patients. Women reported sore throat more often than men (51% vs. 21%, respectively). Conclusions Intubation conditions were not improved with higher sevoflurane concentrations. The incidence and severity of sore throat were greater in women than men. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov: NCT 01896245

scholarly journals Evaluation of efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulphate versus dexamethasone for prevention of postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery in prone position: a prospective randomized double blind placebo controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Ahmad Sheikh ◽  
Aabid Hussain Mir ◽  
Abida Yousuf ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad Naqash
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Postoperative Sore Throat ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Intravenous Magnesium ◽  
Group I

Background: Endotracheal intubation is associated with postoperative sore throat. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulphate versus dexamethasone for prevention of postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing lumbar surgery in prone position.Methods: 150 patients of ASA physical status I and II in the age group of 18 to 70 years were divided into three groups of 50 each. group I (magnesium sulphate) received intravenous magnesium sulphate 30 mg. kg-1 in a total of 50 ml of normal saline for 10 minutes after intubation, group II (dexamethasone group) received intravenous dexamethasone 8 mg in 50 mL normal saline for 10 minutes after intubation and group III (placebo group) received 50 ml of normal saline for 10 minutes after intubation. The incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat and hoarseness was assessed by an anesthesiologist unaware of the group allocation, on arrival in the post anesthesia care unit at 0 h, and at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h thereafter.Results: Both incidence and severity of sore throat and incidence of hoarseness was more in placebo group than magnesium sulphate group and dexamethasone group and was statistically significant (p<0.05) and was comparable between magnesium sulphate and dexamethasone groups.Conclusions: Endotracheal intubation is associated with sore throat and hoarseness of voice. Magnesium sulphate and dexamethasone given intravenously reduce the incidence and severity of sore throat and hoarseness associated with endotracheal intubation.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-guided versus Shikani optical stylet-aided tracheal intubation: a prospective randomized study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Ma ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Ping Shi ◽  
Xue Cao ◽  
Shengjin Ge
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Prospective Randomized Study ◽  
Intubation Attempt ◽  
Successful Intubation ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Normal Airway

Abstract Background To compare ultrasound-guided tracheal intubation (UGTI) versus Shikani optical stylet (SOS)-aided tracheal intubation in patients with anticipated normal airway.Methods Sixty patients aged 18–65 years old who presented for elective surgery under general anesthesia were recruited in this prospective randomized study. They were assigned into two equal groups, either an ultrasound-guided group (Group UG, n = 30) or an SOS-aided group (Group SOS, n = 30). After the induction of anesthesia, the tracheal intubation was performed by a specified skilled anesthesiologist. The number of tracheal intubation attempt and the duration of successful intubation on the first attempt were recorded. Complications relative to tracheal intubation including desaturation, hoarseness and sore throat were also recorded.Results The first-attempt success rate is 93.3% (28/30) in Group UG and 90% (27/30) in Group SOS (P = 0.64). The second-attempt was all successful for the 2 and 3 patients left in the two groups, and the overall success rate of both groups was 100%. The duration of successful intubation on the first attempt of Group UG was not significantly different from that of Group SOS (34.0 ± 20.8 s vs 35.5 ± 23.2 s, P = 0.784). One patient in Group SOS had desaturation (P = 0.313), and there was none hoarseness in the two groups. Sore throat was detected in both group (4 in Group UG, 5 in Group SOS, P = 0.718).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided tracheal intubation was as effective as Shikani optical stylet-aided tracheal intubation in adult patients with anticipated normal airway.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IIC-17010875. Date of Registration: 15 March 2017.

scholarly journals Comparison of prophylactic effect of topical Alchemilla vulgaris in glycerine versus that of dexamethasone on postoperative sore throat after tracheal intubation using a double-lumen endobronchial tube: a randomized controlled study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Jong Chung ◽  
Seong Yeop Jeong ◽  
Joon Ho Jeong ◽  
Sung Wan Kim ◽  
Kyung Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Double Lumen Tube ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Postoperative Sore Throat ◽  
Double Lumen ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cavity

Background: Sore throat and hoarseness frequently occur following general anesthesia with tracheal intubation and are effectively reduced when dexamethasone is used prophylactically. Alchemilla vulgaris in glycerine (Neo Mucosal Activator®) suppresses inflammatory response, possibly relieving sore throat.Methods: We enrolled 94 patients (age ≥ 18 years) scheduled for thoracic surgery using double-lumen tube intubation. Before intubation, 0.2 mg/kg of dexamethasone was administered intravenously and 2 ml of normal saline was sprayed into the oropharyngeal cavity (Group D; n = 45), or 0.04 ml/kg normal saline was administered intravenously and 1 g of Neo Mucosal Activator® mixed with 1 ml of normal saline was sprayed into the oropharyngeal cavity (Group N; n = 43), in a double blind and prospectively randomized manner. Postoperative sore throat and hoarseness were recorded using a numeral rating scale and a 4-point scale to detect a change in voice quality following tracheal extubation (at 1, 6, and 24 h). The primary outcome was the incidence of sore throat at 24 h following surgery. The secondary outcomes were incidence and severity of sore throat and hoarseness.Results: There were no significant differences in the incidence of sore throat at 24 h following surgery (57.8% vs. 46.5%; P = 0.290) or in the incidence and intensity of sore throat and hoarseness at 1, 6, and 24 h following surgery between the groups. Conclusions: A. vulgaris in glycerine did not significantly differ from dexamethasone for preventing sore throat and hoarseness owing to intubation.

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