scholarly journals The quintessence of breast leiomyosarcoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1923
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kannamma Kalimuthu ◽  
Raja Senthil Viswanathan ◽  
Ponniah Iyyappan ◽  
Kaliyappa C.
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Breast Tumours ◽  
Cystosarcoma Phyllodes ◽  
Clinicopathological Study ◽  
Trucut Biopsy ◽  
Biological Differences ◽  
Primary Leiomyosarcoma

Sarcoma of the breast is a rare condition. The biological differences from other primary breast tumours necessitate a corresponding difference in approach to diagnostic and management strategies. The rarity of the condition has made clinicopathological study difficult. Authors report a case of primary leiomyosarcoma in a 40-yr-old-women, with a 15x9 cm bosselated swelling, involving all 4 quadrants of the left breast. Her clinical features, sonography and trucut biopsy were compatible with cystosarcoma phyllodes and she underwent a left mastectomy for the same. Later the histological and imunohistochemical studies established the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma, grade 2.

Pathologic Aerophagia in Patients with Intellectual Disability: A Review of its Pathophysiology, Clinical Features and Management

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S477-S477
Author(s):  
S. Sajith ◽  
W. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Abdominal Radiograph ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Behaviour Therapy

BackgroundPathologic aerophagia is characterised by excessive swallowing of air resulting in significant abdominal distension or belching. This is a relatively rare condition in general population but has been reported in up to 8.8% of institutionalized patients with intellectual disability (ID). In severe cases, this can cause volvulus and ileus, and even intestinal perforation. Currently, there is limited information on this potentially life-threatening condition, particularly for people with ID.AimTo review the up to date literature on the pathophysiology, clinical features and management strategies of pathologic aerophagia in relation to people with ID.MethodsA literature search of electronic database was performed using specific keywords. Review articles were selected using pre-defined criteria.ResultsApart from a few small controlled trials on pharmacotherapy, most of the studies were case series or uncontrolled studies. The understanding on pathophysiology is incomplete but is thought to involve a reflex-induced movement of upper oesophageal sphincter and may be associated with anxiety or stress. A comprehensive history and physical examination as well as an abdominal radiograph may be helpful in diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is reassurance and behaviour therapy. Medications that are helpful include antacids, anti-reflux drugs and benzodiazepines. Surgical treatment is recommended for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.ConclusionsPathologic aerophagia is not uncommon in people with ID and can present with severe challenges in the assessment and management. Further studies are necessary to provide evidence-based treatment guidelines for the management of this condition particularly in patients with ID.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Cytogenetics, Immunostaining for Fibroblast Growth Factors, p53 Sequencing, and Clinical Features of Two Cases of Cystosarcoma Phyllodes

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL V. WOOLLEY ◽  
SUSANNE M. GOLLIN ◽  
WAHEEB RISKALLA ◽  
SYDNEY FINKELSTEIN ◽  
DAVID F. STEFANIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factors ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Cystosarcoma Phyllodes

scholarly journals Composite phaeochromocytomas—a systematic review of published literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dhanasekar ◽  
V. Visakan ◽  
F. Tahir ◽  
S. P. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
Palpable Mass

Abstract Introduction Composite phaeochromocytoma is a tumour containing a separate tumour of neuronal origin in addition to a chromaffin cell tumour. This study reports on two cases from a single centre’s records and presents a systematic literature review of composite phaeochromocytomas. Methods In addition to describing 2 case reports, a systematic search of the Medline database from inception up to April 2020 was done for human case reports on composite phaeochromocytomas. Relevant titles and/or abstracts were screened, and full texts were reviewed to identify appropriate studies. Data was extracted and a descriptive analysis of presentation, clinical features, management strategies and outcomes was performed. The quality of included studies was assessed using a critical appraisal checklist. Results There were 62 studies included, with a total of 94 patients. Of 91 patients where data was available, the median (range) age of patients was 48 (4–86) years. Of 90 patients where information was provided, 57% were female. In at least 28% of patients, a genetic cause was identified. Common presenting features include abdominal pain, palpable mass, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal symptoms. The most common tumour component with phaeochromocytoma is ganglioneuroma; other components include ganglioneuroblastoma, neuroblastoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours. In patients with follow-up data (n=48), 85% of patients were alive and well at a median (range) follow-up time of 18 (0.5–168) months. Conclusion Composite phaeochromocytoma is a rare tumour, with a significant genetic predisposition. This review summarises available epidemiological data, which will be useful for clinicians managing this rare condition.

scholarly journals A Case Report: First Report of a Primary Breast Leiomyosarcoma with Lymph Node Metastasis in Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Hussein Hmadeh ◽  
Mohammad Rakka ◽  
Layan Abbas ◽  
Nizar Bitar ◽  
Raed Chehab El Dine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Breast Mass ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Primary Leiomyosarcoma

Background: Primary leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the breast is an extremely rare histologic subtype of malignant breast tumors. While breast sarcomas account for 0.0006% of all breast malignancies, primary leiomyosarcoma constitutes only 5-10% of breast sarcomas themselves. To date, the total number of reported cases in the literature is less than 70 cases with the first case reported in 1968. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case reported from Lebanon, with only 2 cases previously reported in the Middle East, specifically in Morocco. Case Report: We report the case of a 48-year-old, white, previously healthy female patient, presenting for a breast mass. She first noticed it three months prior to presentation in her left breast and reports that since then, the lump has been growing and her breast has become more painful and erythematous over time. Physical examination revealed an immobile and tender mass of around 12 cm in diameter. A core biopsy was done followed by a left modified radical mastectomy with lymph node dissection. Pathology of the specimen showed a tumor composed of spindle cells arranged in fascicles invading the dermis, with irregular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade leiomyosarcoma. Conclusion: We presented this case of leiomyosarcoma with lymph node metastasis to contribute to the scarce literature regarding this disease. Due to the rarity of this diagnosis, not enough data exists regarding treatment and prognosis. Physicians need to review the literature for relevant cases to achieve the best outcome for their patients. Keywords: breast mass, leiomyosarcoma, rare, case report, breast sarcomas, lymph node

scholarly journals Insight into surgical outcomes of post infarct-ventricular septal defect repair through a 23-years retrospective study-invited commentary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doniparthi Pradeep
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Adult Cardiac Surgery

The authors present an excellent retrograde analysis of a rare condition of a phenomenal number of cases and their surgical outcomes. A majority of the studies in published literature are anecdotal case reports which are a rare and dreadful entity. A comprehensive countrywide view of the UK National Adult Cardiac Surgery Audit database is presented in this study. This study represents the changing trends in the risk factors, management strategies, and outcomes of ventricular septal rupture for over 23 years in a nutshell.

scholarly journals Clinical outcome and risk factors of patients with suspected pneumonia in Southwest district of Ethiopia, 2020: A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205873922110482
Author(s):  
Mengistu A Sebsibe ◽  
Molla A Kebede ◽  
Yosef H Kazintet ◽  
Bizuayehu T Gosaye ◽  
Addisalem M Teferi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Poor Clinical Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Suspected Pneumonia

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs), especially pneumonia, remain the leading cause of childhood mortality and the most common reason for adult hospitalization in low- and middle-income countries, despite advances in preventative and management strategies. This study was conducted to assess factors associated with poor clinical outcome of suspected pneumonia cases among hospitalized patients at the three public health hospitals in Southwest district of Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July, 2020. Those patients admitted with suspected pneumonia were followed up during their hospital stay, and data on outcomes were captured by study nurses. Socio-demographics, clinical features, and follow-up data were gathered, and analyzed using SPSS versions 20.0. The differences in patients’ outcome in relation to their clinical features and epidemiologically linked exposures were described and compared using chi-square tests at 95% confident intervals. In this study, 742 patients with suspected pneumonia were analyzed. Of these, 473 (62.8%) of them were male, and 264 (35.6%) were of age 1–4 years. About 533 (71.8%) patients with suspected pneumonia were presented with irregular respiratory signs/symptoms (more than one symptoms) and 132 (17.9%) had underline illnesses. About 633 (85.4%) of patients were improved after treatment, and 109 (14.7%) of them ended with poor clinical outcome after completion of their treatment. Age of the patients and presence of comorbid conditions such as HIV/AIDS infections and bronchial asthma were identified as the risk factors for poor outcome of patients with suspected pneumonia. The clinical outcome of patients with suspected pneumonia at the three hospitals in Southwest district of Ethiopia was not satisfactory. Our findings highlight that in order to reduce poor clinical outcome related to suspected pneumonia, the efforts should be focused on some factors like management and prevention of chronic comorbidities. Increasing clinicians’ awareness on early management of suspected pneumonia cases is also essential in reducing the burden of the disease .

scholarly journals Pectoralis muscle metastases from breast cancer in a young patient detected by automated breast ultrasound

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Anca Ileana Ciurea ◽  
Ioana Boca ◽  
Liliana Rogojan ◽  
Larisa Dorina Ciule ◽  
Cristiana Augusta Ciortea
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Breast Ultrasound ◽  
Pectoralis Muscle ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Screening Ultrasound ◽  
Automated Breast Ultrasound

Metastases to the skeletal muscle from breast cancer represent an unusual and rare condition. We present the case of a 27-year-old female with left breast cancer (IDC NST G3) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by conservativesurgery (sectorectomy and lymphadenectomy) and radiation therapy. Two months after the end of radiotherapy she presented with a 2 mm skin lesion and she was referred for a screening ultrasound. The screening automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) revealed local recurrence and pectoralis metastases, lesions evaluated also by magnetic resonance imaging. The diagnosis was confirmed by the ultrasound-guided biopsy.

Poisoning

2020 ◽  
pp. 369-458
Author(s):  
Ian Greaves ◽  
Keith Porter
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Abused Drugs

This chapter begins by describing the approach to the poisoned patient, including airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure. Differential diagnoses and those that should be excluded are explained. Diagnostic clues and symptom complexes are tabulated. Different poisons are then covered in turn, with their general and clinical features and management strategies detailed. A second section on substance abuse follows. The presentation and management of commonly abused drugs are described, alongside a dictionary of street names.

scholarly journals Recurrent giant fibroadenomas with transformation to cystosarcoma phyllodes in a 17-year-old girl: a rare case report from Syria

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawsan Ismail ◽  
Sara Alaidi ◽  
Sarah Jouni ◽  
Yahya Kassab ◽  
Zuheir Al-Shehabi
Keyword(s):  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Phyllodes Tumor ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Cystosarcoma Phyllodes ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Multiple Recurrences ◽  
High Possibility

Abstract Background Fibroadenoma is the most prevalent benign breast lesion that generally affects middle-aged women; it is rare in adolescents and younger children. The transformation into malignancy is not common. However, multiple recurrences of rapidly enlarging fibroadenomas suggest a high possibility of transforming into phyllodes tumors, which are uncommon fibroepithelial lesions that account for 0.3–0.5% of female breast tumors and typically present in premenopausal women. Case presentation We report a case of a 17-year-old Syrian girl who previously had three episodes of recurrence of multiple rapidly enlarging fibroadenomas in her left breast and underwent three operations for complete resection of the lesions. However, a few months later, she was readmitted with multiple large masses in the same breast, and pathological findings confirmed a surprising combination of multiple fibroadenomas for the fourth time with a malignant phyllodes tumor (cystosarcoma phyllodes). The patient underwent lumpectomies followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Long-term follow-up was recommended. Conclusion Our patient had an extraordinary number of episodes of recurrence at a young age and a rare combination of malignant and benign lesions in the same breast with multiple recurrences. We present her unique, very challenging case with the aim of highlighting the importance of clinical correlation, detailed diagnosis, and careful follow-up.

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