scholarly journals Role of probiotics in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanyaa S. ◽  
Vinoth S. ◽  
Ramesh S.
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Background: Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Probiotics are proposed to aid in the quicker colonisation of the preterm gut by various mechanisms thereby providing innumerable health benefits to the preterm infants. Hence we conducted a study to analyse the role of probiotics in preterm babies. Our primary aim was to compare the weight gain pattern among preterm infants: those receiving probiotic and those who did not receive the probiotic.Methods: Preterm/VLBW babies were selected, randomized and placed into two groups. One group was given the chosen probiotic and the other was kept as control. The weight gain pattern and the duration of hospital stay among the two groups was compared at the end of one month of age.Results: The average weight gain in the probiotic group was higher than the control group which was statistically significant. (mean difference: 0.230 + 0.11 95% CI: -0.796 to -0.251 p value <0.000).Conclusions: Our study was yet another evidence proving the utility of probiotics in the field of neonatalogy.

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of the Light and Sexing on Growth Performance and Slaughter Results at Young Quails from Mixed Baloteşti Population of Eggs-Meat

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lucian IONITA ◽  
Elena POPESCU-MICLOSANU ◽  
George NICA ◽  
Cornel Octavian PANA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 % for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20 % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females. 

scholarly journals Fermented sorghum porridge fortified with moringa leaf powder and baobab fruit pulp cured children from moderate acute malnutrition in Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 16622-16637
Author(s):  
Nago E ◽  
◽  
JO Agossadou ◽  
FJ Chadare ◽  
S Houndji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Fortified Food ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Moderate Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Inappropriate feeding, too early introduction of complementary foods and restriction in food selection are a major cause of malnutrition among young children in developing countries. Food-to-food fortification is a good strategy to enhance the nutritional quality of children’s diet. This strategy is more and more promoted because it allows delivery of micronutrients to a large population in a cost-effective manner.The present study aimed at testing the effect of the consumption of sorghum porridge fortified with moringa leaf powder and baobab fruit pulp on the nutritional status of children aged 6 to 59 months in Northern Benin. A two-week intervention was implemented in Tanguiéta (Benin) among children affected by moderate acute malnutrition, using 400g of fermented sorghum porridge fortified with15g of a designed mix of moringa leaf powder and baobab fruit pulp. Sixty-three children aged 6–59 months who had malnutrition assessed by anthropometry were randomly selected and assigned to a treatment or a control group. Children in the treatment group consumed the fortified formula daily for two weeks in a nutritional rehabilitation hearth whereas those in the control group had their habitual diet. Their nutritional status was evaluated using anthropometry. Recovery rate and average weight gain of children were computed.Results show that daily consumption of the fortified food for two weeks did not significantly (P> 0.05) increase children’s weight in treatment vs. control. However, average weight gain was 9.85g/kg/day in the treatment group and total recovery rate at risk of malnutrition and moderate acute malnutrition was 62.50% among children who fully complied with the intervention. Fermented sorghum porridge fortified with moringa leaf powder and baobab fruit pulp may be promoted to scale in more regions of Benin as a local affordable and effective therapeutic food against child acute malnutrition. Further investigation of its potential effect while accounting for parasitic infection is needed, to eliminate all risks of intestinal micro nutrient malabsorption or malaria and enhance the effectiveness of the fortified food on children’s weight as well as their iron status.

scholarly journals A prospective clinical study to evaluate the correlation of duration of kangaroo mother care and weight gain in low birth weight babies

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1943
Author(s):  
Vijayalaxmi Gagandeep ◽  
Chaithra R. ◽  
Febina K.
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Background: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC)  is an alternative to conventional neonatal care for low birth weight (LBW)  babies  in low resource settings, this study is to evaluate the correlation between the duration of KMC given and average weight gain per day in low birth weight babiesMethod: It is an observational study, 106 low birth weight babies who were less than 1.8 kg, hemodynamically stable, accepting either direct breast feed or gavage feed were included in the study, duration of KMC given per day and weight was recorded daily until discharge. Babies were monitored for complications, if any  babies were withdrawn from the study , necessary intervention was done. Average weight gain per day in these babies was estimated and correlated with the average duration of KMC.Results: Out of 120 eligible children 106 were selected for study of which 57 were male and 49 were female, 42 were  less than 1.2 kg, 37 were between 1.21 kg to 1.5 kg and 27 were between 1.51 kg to 1.8 kg, there was statistically significant moderate correlation with Pearson r=0.6281 with p value <0.00001 and mean average weight gain was 5.27 in less than  6 hr  to 8 hr, 9.08 in 8 hr to 10 hr, 11.87 in greater than 10 hrs of KMCConclusion: The weight gain was found to increase with duration of KMC practice. hence authors recommend to increase the duration of KMC per day for the good average weight gain per day.

scholarly journals Efektivitas pemberian temulawak dan madu terhadap peningkatan berat badan anak dengan status gizi kurang

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Linawati Novikasari ◽  
Setiawati Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Case Control ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Additional curcuma xanthorrhiza and honey supplement to poor nutritional status in childrenBackground: Based on data from the Central Lampung Health Office in 2018, 2226 of children (24.7%) finding malnourished. The results of the survey in 2019 of 15 children aged 4-5 years known (30%) their weight were ungrown per three months. The communities rarely used plants and natural resources around them to improve nutrition for their children.Purpose: To know effect of Additional curcuma xanthorrhiza and honey supplement to poor nutritional status in children.Method: Quantitative research with Quasy Experimental case-control and using T-Test Paired. The population is children aged 1-3 years with poor nutritional status at Raja Basa Indah Public health center. Sampling technique with a ratio of 1: 1, of 40 participants divided into two groups such as intervention group and control group. The research instrument used an observation sheet. Research has taken 15 days, the ending by evaluation (participants measured with bodyweight scale).Results: There was an increase in body weight in both groups, with a p-value of 0.003 (control group) and a p-value of 0.000 (intervention group).Conclusion: In the intervention group, the average weight gain was 0.66 Kg, while the control group had an average weight gain of 0.18 Kg. T-test with p-value 0.000, the results show that the correlation of the treatment group is stronger than the control groupKeywords:  Curcuma xanthorrhiza; Honey; Supplement; Poor nutritional status; Children                  Pendahuluan: Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Lampung Tengah tahun 2018, sebanyak 2226 anak (24,7%) ditemukan gizi buruk. Hasil survei tahun 2019 terhadap 15 anak usia 4-5 tahun diketahui (30%) berat badannya tidak tumbuh per tiga bulan. Masyarakat jarang memanfaatkan tumbuhan dan sumber daya alam di sekitar mereka untuk meningkatkan gizi anak-anak mereka.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian temulawak dan madu terhadap peningkatan berat badan anak dengan status gizi kurang di Puskesmas Raja Basa Indah Bandar Lampung.Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan Quasy Experimental case-control dan menggunakan T-Test Paired. Populasinya anak usia 1-3 tahun dengan status gizi buruk di Puskesmas Raja Basa Indah. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan perbandingan 1:1, dari 40 partisipan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi. Penelitian selama 15 hari dan diakhiri dengan evaluasi (partisipan diukur dengan timbangan badan).Hasil: Pemberian Temulawak dan madu efekif dalam meningkatan berat badan pada anak dengan status gizi kurang pada kelompok kasus dan kontrol, dengan p-value 0,000.Simpulan: Pada kelompok intervensi, kenaikan rerata berat badan yaitu 0,660, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol pre-test  dan  posttest beberapa responden mengalami kenaikan berat badan dengan rerata 0,180.hasil uji t-tes dengan nilai p-value 0,000  hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelompok perlakuan korelasinya lebih kuat dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. 

Uso de probiótico em borregas mestiças Dorper suplementadas a pasto: desempenho e parâmetro ruminal

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Ricciardi Sbizera ◽  
José Victor Pronievicz Barreto ◽  
Daiene Mantovi Locoman ◽  
Michele Monteiro Sudak ◽  
Manuela Venturelli Finco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Na ovinocultura há a necessidade de se adaptar às novas tecnologias para obtenção de produtos com qualidade cada vez melhor. Os probióticos são suplementos alimentares contendo micro-organismos ruminais e intestinais viáveis que, em quantidade adequada, produzem efeitos benéficos na saúde dos pequenos ruminantes. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e parâmetro ruminal, através do uso de probiótico, em borregas mestiças Dorper suplementadas a pasto. Foram utilizadas 57 borregas mestiças Dorper, com idade entre 6 a 12 meses, sendo separadas em dois grupos: GC (grupo controle), com 28 animais, e GT (grupo tratado), com 29 borregas. Todos permaneceram em dois piquetes contendo capim-estrela e capim Aruana, sendo que houve revezamento semanalmente entre os grupos para cada pastagem. Uma vez ao dia, os dois grupos receberam concentrado energético-proteico equivalente a 1,5% de peso vivo por animal, disponibilizada em cochos, e somente o GT recebeu probiótico em pó na quantidade de 5g por animal, misturado à ração. Realizou-se análise bromatológica dos pastos e concentrado. No dia inicial (D0) e final do experimento (D45), foi feita classificação do escore corporal. Os animais foram pesados no dia inicial (D0), dia 7 (D7), dia 15 (D15), dia 30 (D30) e no dia último dia (D45), obtendo-se o ganho médio de peso diário (GMPD) e o peso médio. Avaliou-se o suco ruminal no último dia do experimento (D45). Não houve diferença significativa no desempenho entre os grupos, entretanto, o parâmetro ruminal demonstrou resultados superiores no grupo tratado. Palavras-chave: Escore Corporal. Ganho de Peso Médio. Liquido Ruminal. Saccharomyces cerevisiaeAbstractIn sheep farming, farmers need to adapt to the new technologies to obtain better quality products. Probiotics are dietary supplements containing viable ruminal and intestinal microorganisms, which in adequate amount can produce beneficial effects on the small ruminants health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the permormance and ruminal parameter by probiotic use in crossbred Dorper lambs supplemented to pasture. 57 crossbreed Dorper lambs were used, aged 6 to 12 months and they were separated into two groups: GC (control group), with 28 animals, and TC (treated group) with 29 lambs. They remained in Cynodon plectostachyus and Panicum maximum cv. Aruana piquet and there was a weekly relay between groups for each pasture. Once a day both groups received concentrate equivalent to 1.5% of live weight per animal, available in troughs and only the GC received probiotic in the amount of 5g per animal, mixed with feed. A bromatological analysis of the pasture and concentrate was made. On the initial day (D0) and on the end of the experiment (D45), the body score was made in all animals. They were weighed on the initial day (D0), day 7 (D7), day 15 (D15), day 30 (D30) and on the last day of experiment (D45). The average weight gain and the mean weight were performed on all days of the experiment . The ruminal fluid was evaluated on the last day of the experiment (D45). There was no significant difference in performance between the groups and the ruminal parameter showed superior results in the treated group.Keywords: Body Score. Average Weight Gain. Ruminal Fluid. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

scholarly journals Oral Nystatin Prophylaxis to Prevent Systemic Fungal Infection in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants : A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Rundjan ◽  
Retno Wahyuningsih ◽  
Chrissela Anindita Oeswadi ◽  
Miske Marsogi ◽  
Ayu Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Systemic Fungal Infection

Abstract Background Systemic fungal infection (SFI) is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Because early diagnosis of SFI is challenging due to nonspecific manifestations, prophylaxis becomes crucial. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of oral nystatin as an antifungal prophylaxis to prevent SFI in VLBW preterm infants.Methods A prospective, open-labelled, randomized controlled trial was performed in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of an academic hospital in Indonesia. Infants with a gestational age < 32 weeks and/or birth weight of < 1500 grams with risk factors of fungal infection were assessed for eligibility and randomized to either an intervention group (nystatin) or control group. The intervention group received 1 ml of oral nystatin three times a day, and the control group received a dose of 1ml of sterile water three times a day. The incidence of fungal colonization and SFI were observed and evaluated during the six-week study period. Overall, mortality rates and nystatin-related adverse drug reactions during the study period were also documented.Results A total of 95 patients were enrolled. The incidence of fungal colonization was lower among infants in nystatin group compared to those in control group (29.79% and 56.25%, respectively; relative risk 0.559; 95% confidence interval 0.357-0.899; p-value=0.009). There were five cases of SFI, all of which were found in the control group (p-value=0.056). There was no difference in overall mortality between the two groups. No adverse drug reactions were noted during the study period.Conclusions Nystatin is effective and safe as an antifungal prophylactic medication in reducing colonization rates in the study population. Whilst the use of nystatin showed a potential protective effect against SFI among VLBW preterm infants, there was no statistical significant difference in SFI rates between groups.

scholarly journals Oral Nystatin Prophylaxis To Prevent Systemic Fungal Infection In Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants : A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Rundjan ◽  
Retno Wahyuningsih ◽  
Chrissela Anindita Oeswadi ◽  
Miske Marsogi ◽  
Ayu Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Systemic Fungal Infection

Abstract Background Systemic fungal infection (SFI) is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Because early diagnosis of SFI is challenging due to nonspecific manifestations, prophylaxis becomes crucial. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of oral nystatin as an antifungal prophylaxis to prevent SFI in VLBW preterm infants. Methods A prospective, open-labelled, randomized controlled trial was performed in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of an academic hospital in Indonesia. Infants with a gestational age < 32 weeks and/or birth weight of < 1500 grams with risk factors of fungal infection were assessed for eligibility and randomized to either an intervention group (nystatin) or control group. The intervention group received 1 ml of oral nystatin three times a day, and the control group received a dose of 1ml of sterile water three times a day. The incidence of fungal colonization and SFI were observed and evaluated during the six-week study period. Overall, mortality rates and nystatin-related adverse drug reactions during the study period were also documented. Results A total of 95 patients were enrolled. The incidence of fungal colonization was lower among infants in nystatin group compared to those in control group (29.79% and 56.25%, respectively; relative risk 0.559; 95% confidence interval 0.357-0.899; p-value=0.009). There were five cases of SFI, all of which were found in the control group (p-value=0.056). There was no difference in overall mortality between the two groups. No adverse drug reactions were noted during the study period. Conclusions Nystatin is effective and safe as an antifungal prophylactic medication in reducing colonization rates in the study population. Whilst the use of nystatin showed a potential protective effect against SFI among VLBW preterm infants, there was no statistical significant difference in SFI rates between groups.

scholarly journals Difference in mean weight gain and hospital stay in preterm babies receiving complete or partial kangaroo mother care compared to no kangaroo mother care: Experience from a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Siddiqui ◽  
Tayyaba Khawar Butt ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Tauseef Omer ◽  
Farhan Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Pakistan is a resource limited country with one of the highest neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in the world. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) helps in reducing the mortality and improving the care of preterm babies. The objective of this study was to identify the benefits of KMC in hospitalized newborns in terms of better weight gain and early discharge from hospital. Subjects and methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in the Neonatal Department of Services Hospital from 01.02.2019 to 31.01.2020. A total of 144 case notes, who met inclusion criteria were included. Subjects were divided in 2 Groups of 77 each. Group 1 did not receive KMC and Group 2 received KMC (partial or complete). Admission weight, gestational age at birth, duration of hospital stay and the average weight gain was noted for subjects in both groups. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. Independent samples t-test was applied. A p-value of ˂0.05 is taken as significant. Results: Mean weight gain in Group 1 was 5.521 g/kg/day (±6.664), whereas in Group 2 was 15.635 g/kg/day (±9.268). Mean hospital stay in Group 1 was 12.558 days (±10.856) and in Group 2 it was 8.208 days (±6.473). Weight gain and duration of hospital stay was significantly better in KMC Group with a p-value ˂0.05. This benefit was observed both for partial and complete KMC. Conclusion: KMC (partial or complete) leads to better weight gain and reduces the duration of hospital stay.

scholarly journals Oral Nystatin Prophylaxis to Prevent Systemic Fungal Infection in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants : A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Rundjan ◽  
Retno Wahyuningsih ◽  
Chrissela Anindita Oeswadi ◽  
Miske Marsogi ◽  
Ayu Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Systemic Fungal Infection

Abstract Background Systemic fungal infection (SFI) is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Because early diagnosis of SFI is challenging due to nonspecific manifestations, prophylaxis becomes crucial. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of oral nystatin as an antifungal prophylaxis to prevent SFI in VLBW preterm infants. Methods A prospective, open-labelled, randomized controlled trial was performed in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of an academic hospital in Indonesia. Infants with a gestational age < 32 weeks and/or birth weight of < 1500 grams with risk factors of fungal infection were assessed for eligibility and randomized to either an intervention group (nystatin) or control group. The intervention group received 1 ml of oral nystatin three times a day, and the control group received a dose of 1ml of sterile water three times a day. The incidence of fungal colonization and SFI were observed and evaluated during the six-week study period. Overall, mortality rates and nystatin-related adverse drug reactions during the study period were also documented. Results A total of 95 patients were enrolled. The incidence of fungal colonization was lower among infants in nystatin group compared to those in control group (29.79% and 56.25%, respectively; relative risk 0.559; 95% confidence interval 0.357-0.899; p-value=0.009). There were five cases of SFI, all of which were found in the control group (p-value=0.056). There was no difference in overall mortality between the two groups. No adverse drug reactions were noted during the study period. Conclusions Nystatin is effective and safe as an antifungal prophylactic medication in reducing colonization rates in the study population. Whilst the use of nystatin showed a potential protective effect against SFI among VLBW preterm infants, there was no statistical significant difference in SFI rates between groups.

scholarly journals Role of the Proportional Intake of Fortified Mother’s Own Milk in the Weight Gain Pattern of Their Very-Preterm-Born Infants

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Anna Petrova ◽  
Shannon Eccles ◽  
Rajeev Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Feeding Parameters ◽  
Immunological Factors ◽  
Preterm Born ◽  
Mother’S Own Milk ◽  
Challenging Question

Breastfeeding has been recommended for preterm infants as the optimal diet from nutritional, gastrointestinal, immunological, and developmental perspectives. However, the relevance of differing intakes of fortified mother’s own milk (MOM) on the growth of their preterm infants is a challenging question because of the potential risk of extrauterine growth impairment, apart from its essential role in the provision of biological and immunological factors, and the reduction of serious morbidities. We aimed to identify the weight gain pattern in very-preterm-born infants with respect to their proportional intake of fortified MOM. The daily and average weight gain, dietary volume, calories, and proportional intake of fortified MOM were studied in a cohort of 84 very-preterm-born infants during the first 2 weeks post initiation of full enteral feeds. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were comprised of infants with a proportional fortified MOM intake of 85% or more, 35% to 84.9%, and 0 to 34.9%, respectively. Data analysis included regression models and a group-based comparison of the number of infants with weight gain that would be considered minimally acceptable for normal intrauterine growth. The infants’ weight gain was not found to be associated with the proportional intake of fortified MOM or other feeding parameters. Overall, the intergroup variability in the proportion of infants with weight gain less than the lower limit of normal fetal growth was insignificant. During the first 2 weeks post initiation of full enteral feeds, the weight gain pattern of the studied very-preterm-born infants was not significantly dependent on the proportional intake of fortified maternal milk.

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