scholarly journals A clinical study of retinopathy of prematurity in neonates in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Srinivasa V. ◽  
Vijay Yadav ◽  
Kumar G. V.
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Childhood Blindness

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease process mostly reported in preterm neonates with a wide spectrum, ranging from mild, transient changes in the retina with regression to severe progressive vasoproliferation, scarring, detachment of retina and blindness. India shares 20% of the world childhood blindness. Besides congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma and ocular injuries, ROP is emerging as one of the important causes of childhood blindness in India.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken among all neonates born between 28-34 weeks of gestation admitted in NICU, who are under oxygen, screened for ROP. Babies with ocular disorder which interfere with fundus examination, babies who did not complete follow up till complete vascularisation of retina and babies with congenital retinal abnormalities were excluded from the study.Results: About 13.3% of male children and 18.0% of the female children had retinopathy of prematurity. Among the infants born before 30 weeks, 46.7% had retinopathy of prematurity. In the children with gestational age between 30- 32 weeks, 15.4%, 8.5% in the 32-35 weeks and none among those born between more than 35 weeks. About 27.9% of the newborns with birth weight of less than 1.5kgs and 5.8% of those who had birth weight of 1.5-2.5kgs had retinopathy of prematurity.Conclusions: This study had shown a significant association of retinopathy of prematurity with the low gestational age, birth weight and oxygen therapy. Reducing subsequent post-natal risk factors depends on optimal perinatal and postnatal care, as well as adhering to strict ROP screening guidelines. Recognizing and treating ROP in a timely fashion is critical for achieving the best visual outcome.

TO STUDY THE INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Kajaldeep Kaur ◽  
Gursharn Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Retinal Examination

BACKGROUND: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial retinal vaso-proliferative disorder which remains a leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide despite improvements in neonatal care and management guidelines. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of ROP among preterm neonates and to determine the risk factors. METHODS: All preterm infants with birth weight <1750 gm and gestation <34 weeks were screened for ROP at 4 weeks of birth for rst screening. Prenatal and postnatal risk factors, neonatal problems, treatment given, procedures and interventions done during stay in neonatal intensive care unit were recorded as per the proforma. The data from the study was systematically collected, compiled and statistically analyzed with SPSS Statistics-26 version to draw relevant conclusions. RESULTS: The incidence of ROP in 89 infants who were screened was 44%. The mean gestational age of babies with ROP was 32 weeks. In our study, pneumonia, apnea, sepsis, thrombocytopenia, NEC, shock, acidosis, IVH, BPD, the use of Bubble CPAP, Venti-CPAP and mechanical ventilator, the vasopressor use and blood transfusion were signicant risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of ROP was signicantly higher in babies <34 weeks. It was observed in our that lower the birth weight and lower the gestational age, higher is the risk for the development of ROP. Careful and timed retinal examination of all at risk infants will minimize the development of ROP and later on blindness.

scholarly journals A clinical study on retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4181
Author(s):  
Ramamani Dalai ◽  
Kedarnath Das ◽  
Diptimayee Nayak ◽  
Mangal Charan Murmu ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Childhood Blindness ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial vasoproliferative retinal disorder that increases in incidence with decreasing gestational age. India shares 20% of the world childhood blindness. Besides congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma and ocular injuries, ROP is emerging as one of the important causes of childhood blindness in India.Methods: This hospital based prospective study was undertaken during October 2016 to September 2018 in the Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College. Authors included (a) all preterm infants weighing less than 1750gm or gestational age less than 34 weeks at birth, (b) infants with birth weight between 1750gm to 2000gm and gestational age more than 34 weeks (late preterm and term infants) those were considered as high risk.Results: Among the 328 babies included in our study, the incidence of ROP was 29.57%. Bilateral ROP was found in 76.29% with nearly equal stages in both eyes and only 23 neonates showed unilateral involvement.Conclusions: Low birth weight, lower gestational age, blood transfusion, Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), apnoea, supplemental oxygen therapy, maternal anaemia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were strongly associated with development of ROP.

scholarly journals Retinopathy of Prematurity in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (169) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijana Adhikari ◽  
B P Badhu ◽  
N K Bhatta ◽  
R S Rajbhandari ◽  
B K Kalakheti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Screening Criteria

World Health Organization’s Vision 2020 program has recognized Retinopathy of Prematurity(ROP) as an important cause of childhood blindness in industrialized and developing countries. Inthe last few years, it has been identifi ed in many under developed countries as well, as a result ofimproved neonatal intensive care. In Nepal, ROP screening is carried out in a few tertiary hospitalsbut there is no published data on this disease. The purpose of this study was to fi nd out the incidence,severity and risk factors of ROP among infants screened in a tertiary care hospital in the EasternRegion of Nepal.A prospective cohort study was carried out in neonates with gestational age of 34 weeks or less and,or birth weight of 1700 gm or less born over the period of one year. Dilated fundus examination ofall babies was done by indirect ophthalmoscopy between 2-4 weeks after birth and followed up tillthe retinal vascularization was complete. Classifi cation of ROP was done according to internationalclassifi cation (ICROP). Maternal and neonatal risk factors were also noted.A total of 55 babies fulfi lled the screening criteria. ROP was present in 25.45% (n=14) of the babies.Threshold disease was noted in 5.45% (n=3) of the babies screened. Low birth weight (p<0.01)and low gestational age (p<0.01) was signifi cantly associated with the incidence of ROP. Oxygensupplementation (p=<0.01) was an independent risk factor.ROP screening should be performed in all preterm low birth weight infants where there is availabilityof good neonatal intensive care units. The examination should be intensifi ed in those having riskfactors like oxygen. Further studies in the other tertiary care hospitals in Nepal would help toestablish the screening criteria for Nepalese infants.Key words: Retinopathy of prematurity, Eastern Nepal, screening

scholarly journals A study of the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care centre in Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Manjunathaswmy R. ◽  
Anjana H. Rao ◽  
Vinayaka P. Hegade ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Ravindra B. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity is a preventable cause of childhood blindness. Proper understanding of the classification, risk factors and treatment methods is a must in tackling this disease. The aim of this study was to know the incidence of ROP in preterm infants in a tertiary care centre and to improvise the selection criteria in future in Indian babies.Methods: A retrospective study of all infants admitted to the NICU from 2016 to 2018 who met the criteria for ROP screening were included in the study. Examination of the eyes was done by a trained technician using a Ret Cam digital imaging in collaboration with KIDROP, Narayana Nethralaya and later interpreted by trained ophthalmologists using the concept of teleopthalmology. Babies were followed up and screened accordingly. Qualified infants were treated with argon laser photocoagulation within 48h of diagnosis. They were followed until the disease was successfully treated.Results: In current study, incidence of ROP was found to be 10.2%. The gestational age ranged from 28-36 weeks with a mean of 30.5±1.5 weeks. In current study, the most prevalent prenatal risk factor was multiple gestation and postnatal risk factors was anemia, low birth weight ,low gestational age and the use of oxygen therapy.Conclusions: Screening for ROP, in India, should be performed in all preterm neonates who are born <34 weeks gestation and/or <1800 grams birth weight; as well as in babies 34-36 weeks gestation or 1800-2000 grams birth weight if they have risk factors for ROP.

scholarly journals Retinopathy of prematurity: study of incidence, risk factors and outcome in level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Uma Devi Rachamadugu ◽  
Sravani Devana ◽  
Srikanth Sandanala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Advancing technology in antenatal and neonatal care has resulted in better survival of preterm neonates in developing countries in the past few decades. This has resulted in an apparent increase in the incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), which is the most important cause of preventable blindness in infants.Methods: A prospective clinical study was done for 18 months in 400 preterm babies less than 34 weeks of Gestational Age (GA) or less than 1750 gm of Birth Weight (BW). ROP screening was performed. The babies who developed any stage of ROP were taken as cases and the babies who did not have ROP were taken as controls. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (Version 20.0). p value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Four hundred babies were thus examined. The overall incidence of ROP in the study group was 10.25% (41 babies). Out of them, 38 babies (92.6%) had stage-1 ROP and 3 babies (7.31%) had stage-2 ROP. three babies (7.31%) required laser treatment. Risk factor analysis revealed that gestational age at birth, low birth weight, need foroxygenation, RDS, clinical sepsis, HIE, AKI, NNS, resuscitation, apnea.Conclusions: Screening should be intensified in the presence of risk factors like resuscitation, oxygen requirement, apnoea and prolonged hospital stay, which can reduce the incidence of severe stages of ROP as shown by this study.

scholarly journals The Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Sick Newborn Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India - A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 1299-1303
Author(s):  
Pinaki Sengupta ◽  
Sheuli Kumar ◽  
Mohua Mazumdar ◽  
Soumyadeep Majumdar ◽  
Manideepa Pande
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of ocular morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Prematurity, low–birth, and oxygen therapy are considered to be the common risk factors. The maldeveloped retina in those affected are very much prone to develop refractive error, neo-vasculopathy, and neurosensory detachment. The purpose of our study was to find out the incidence and ascertain the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity among the neonates attending the sick neonatal care unit and OPD of Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital. METHODS This is an institution based cross-sectional observational study conducted in the sick newborn care unit of a tertiary care hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the parents along with proper birth history. Indirect ophthalmoscopy with a + 20 dioptre (+ 20 D) lens with a paediatric scleral depressor was performed in each eye under the guidance of the neonatologist after pupillary dilatation. If either eye was found to have ROP, the baby was considered as an ROP case in the study and each eye was considered as a single case. RESULTS 50.27 % babies (N = 91) were delivered by Lower Uterine Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) and 55. 24 % babies were < 32 weeks of gestational age whereas 21.45 % (N = 39) babies were having < 1500 gm birth weight. Phototherapy was needed in 50 % of the babies (N = 92) whereas hyperbilirubinemia was present in 59.66 % of total babies. Bradycardia, apnoea, and sepsis were present in 29.83 % (N = 54), 25.41 % (N = 46), 41.98 % (N = 76) of the babies respectively. When compared in the two independent groups (ROP present and absent), low gestational age and low birth weight of the babies were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) for the development of ROP. After adjusting with different factors in the regression model we have found that low birth weight and oxygen therapy after birth were statistically significant with the development of ROP (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ROP screening, specifically for those babies with low-birthweight, low gestational age, and those who received oxygen therapy for other systemic reasons, is mandatory to have an early diagnosis and treatment done. KEYWORDS ROP, Low-Birthweight, Gestational Age, Oxygen Therapy

scholarly journals Intraventricular haemorrhage in very preterm neonates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Saurabh Kapoor ◽  
Ravi Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar Sapare ◽  
Rajiv Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Intraventricular Haemorrhage ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: The objective of the current study was to evaluate the incidence of intraventricular haemorrhage and its associated risk factors in preterm neonates.Methods: This cohort study done at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital in south India enrolled 104 preterm neonates with either gestational age <32weeks and/or birth weight <1500 grams at birth. These babies were serially screened for intraventricular haemorrhage by doing a neurosonogram on day3 and day 14 of life.Results: Incidence of IVH was found to be 18.2%. Amongst these cases 52.6% babies had Grade I, 36.8% babies had Grade II and 10.6% babies had Grade III intraventricular hemorrhage with ventriculomegaly, as per Papile grading system. It was seen that hypotension needing use of inotropes and neonatal sepsis were significantly associated with IVH.Conclusions: The incidence of IVH in babies born with gestational age <32weeks and/or birth weight <1500 grams was 18.2% in our study. Neonatal sepsis and hypotension requiring use of inotropes were found to be the significant risk factors in this population.

scholarly journals Gestational Age Specific Postnatal Growth Curves for Singleton Babies in Tertiary Hospital of Western Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (207) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Santosh Pathak ◽  
Nagendra Chaudhary ◽  
Prativa Dhakal ◽  
Shyam Kumar Mahato ◽  
Sandeep Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Geographical Regions

Introduction: Measurement of birth weight (BW), crown heel length (CHL), head circumference (HC) and chest circumference used to assess the intrauterine growth of a baby vary with altitude, race, gender, socio economic status, maternal size, and maternal diseases. The study aimed to construct centile charts for BW, CHL and HC for new born at different gestational ages in western Nepal. Methods:  This was a descriptive cross sectional study done over a period of 15 months in a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal. BW, length, HC and CC were measured within 12-24 hours of birth. Gestational age was estimated from first day of last menstrual period, maternal ultrasonology and New Ballard’s scoring system. Microsoft 2007 Excel and SPSS-16 was used for data analysis. Cole’s Lambda Mu Sigma method was used for constructing centile curves. Results: Out of 2000 babies analysed, 1910 samples were used to construct smoothed intrauterine growth curve of BW, CHL, and HC from 33-42 weeks of gestation. 57.35% (1147) were male, mean gestational age was 38.13 ±2.44 weeks, where 21.5% were preterm and 1.7% post term. The means of BW, CHL, HC and CC were 2744.78 gm, 47.80 cm, 33.18 cm, and 30.20 cm with standard deviations of 528.29, 3.124, 1.78, and 2.35 respectively. These data vary as compared to the Kathmandu data, in case of birth weight for 10th and 90th centiles, and at 90th centile in case of length. Conclusions: This necessitates the update in the existing growth charts and develop in different geographical regions of a country.

scholarly journals Anemia in relation to severity of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm babies born in tertiary care centre in South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Hrishikesh S. Pai ◽  
Rojo Joy ◽  
Varghese Cherian ◽  
Preethy Peter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Babies

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vaso proliferative disorder of retina among preterm infants. Significant cause of blindness in children with increased survival of premature infants with improved neonatal care. Potential risk factors for development of ROP include low gestational age, low birth weight, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, acidosis, oxygen therapy. Anemia as a cause for retinopathy of prematurity has been postulated but there are very few studies addressed the effect of anemia on incidence and severity of ROP. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of anemia on incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity and to determine other factors associated with development of retinopathy of prematurity.Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of 120 babies born premature less than 34 weeks for the development of Retinopathy of prematurity and its severity and for associated conditions. All babies screened for retinopathy of prematurity at 3 weeks of age and further followed up for progression of ROP. Factors analysed included hemoglobin levels at 3 weeks of life, number of blood transfusions, days on ventilator, gestational age, birth weight, duration of oxygen requirement, bronchopulmonary dysplasia for the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Findings described in simple descriptive manner.Results: Anemia and increased requirement for blood transfusion are associated with higher incidence and severity of ROP. Low gestational age, birth weight, prolonged oxygen requirement, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), sepsis are other risk factors.Conclusions: It is significant to screen preterm babies for ROP and to anticipate in the background of these risk factors. Minimise oxygen duration and blood loss for sampling to prevent anemia and reduce transfusions.

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