scholarly journals Optimal feeding practices in Tamilnadu, breast feeding and complementary feeding: the reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Rathisharmila R. ◽  
Uvaraj P. ◽  
Saraswathi N. ◽  
Ilamaran V.
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Median Duration ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Early Termination ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Cow's Milk

Background: Optimal feeding of infants under two years of age has the greatest potential impact on child survival of all preventive interventions. This study was done to evaluate feeding practices of infants in first two years of life.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 161 mothers with infants 6 mo to 24 mo of age, attending the well-baby clinic of this hospital were selected for study from April 2014 to March 2015 and interviewed using a structured questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 mo was 44% with a median duration of 4.9±1.8 mo. The proportion of infants who received continued breast feeding at 1 year of age (12-15 mo) was 67%. The median duration of any breast feeding was 13.6 mo by survival analysis. Early introduction of cow’s milk and bottle feeding were associated with nonexclusive breast feeding under 6 mo and early termination of breast feeding.Conclusions: While rate of exclusive breast feeding was comparable to the state average (48%), there was a higher rate of introduction of cow’s milk and bottle feeding which contributed to early termination of breastfeeding before one year of age. This study emphasis the fact that bottle feeding and inappropriate complementary feeding should be tackled to improve IYCF indicators in Tamilnadu.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding and infant/young child feeding in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Sunil Shah ◽  
Jose Augusto R. Simoes
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Iodized Salt ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Child Feeding Practices

Background: Under nutrition being a major problem in Nepal, it is necessary to meet the minimum dietary standard which is essential for growth and development of young children, so promotion of infant and young child feeding practices among children is important intervention.Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted among mothers of children of Bardia and Kailali districts of under 2 years and data was collected using the pre-tested questionnaire.Results: The study shows 30.3 percent of the mothers initiated breastfeeding within an hour of birth, 47.9 percent gave colostrums, 25.5 percent were practicing exclusive breastfeeding at 6 or more months,60 percent mothers fed anything else as prelacteal feed before breast feeding, 60 percent of mothers started complementary feeding between 3-6 months, 47.9 percent of mothers used anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night, 74.8 percent of mothers were currently breast feeding their children, 58 percent used iodized salt and 70.05 percent revealed that their child received Vit A within last six months.Conclusions: The present study showed that late initiation of breast feeding and practice of prelacteal feeds among home delivered mothers being high. The frequency of complementary feeding ranged was less and early/late weaning are still widely prevalent, use of bottle feeding is high, use of iodized salt is still low. There is a need to educate the mothers regarding proper infant/child feeding practices. 

scholarly journals Determinants of suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabish Hazir ◽  
Dure-Samin Akram ◽  
Yasir Bin Nisar ◽  
Narjis Kazmi ◽  
Kingsley E Agho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Breast Feed

AbstractObjectiveExclusive breast-feeding is estimated to reduce infant mortality in low-income countries by up to 13 %. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan.DesignA cross-sectional study using data extracted from the multistage cluster sample survey of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006–2007.SettingA nationally representative sample of households.SubjectsLast-born alive children aged 0–23 months (total weighted sample size 3103).ResultsThe prevalences of timely initiation of breast-feeding, bottle-feeding in children aged 0–23 months, exclusive breast-feeding and predominant breast-feeding in infants aged 0–5 months were 27·3 %, 32·1 %, 37·1 % and 18·7 %, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that working mothers (OR = 1·48, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·87; P = 0·001) and mothers who delivered by Caesarean section (OR = 1·95, 95 % CI 1·30, 2·90; P = 0·001) had significantly higher odds for no timely initiation of breast-feeding. Mothers from North West Frontier Province were significantly less likely (OR = 0·37, 95 % CI 0·23, 0·59; P < 0·001) not to breast-feed their babies exclusively. Mothers delivered by traditional birth attendants had significantly higher odds to predominantly breast-feed their babies (OR = 1·96, 95 % CI 1·18, 3·24; P = 0·009). The odds of being bottle-fed was significantly higher in infants whose mothers had four or more antenatal clinic visits (OR = 1·93, 95 % CI 1·46, 2·55; P < 0·001) and belonged to the richest wealth quintile (OR = 2·41, 95 % CI 1·62, 3·58; P < 0·001).ConclusionsThe majority of Pakistani mothers have suboptimal breast-feeding practices. To gain the full benefits of breast-feeding for child health and nutrition, there is an urgent need to develop interventions to improve the rates of exclusive breast-feeding.

scholarly journals Breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices in the first 6 months of life among Norwegian-Somali and Norwegian-Iraqi infants: the InnBaKost survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navnit Kaur Grewal ◽  
Lene Frost Andersen ◽  
Daniel Sellen ◽  
Annhild Mosdøl ◽  
Liv Elin Torheim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Eastern Norway

AbstractObjectiveTo examine breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices during the first 6 months of life among Norwegian infants of Somali and Iraqi family origin.DesignA cross-sectional survey was performed during March 2013–February 2014. Data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ adapted from the second Norwegian national dietary survey among infants in 2006–2007.SettingSomali-born and Iraqi-born mothers living in eastern Norway were invited to participate.SubjectsOne hundred and seven mothers/infants of Somali origin and eighty mothers/infants of Iraqi origin participated.ResultsBreast-feeding was almost universally initiated after birth. Only 7 % of Norwegian-Somali and 10 % of Norwegian-Iraqi infants were exclusively breast-fed at 4 months of age. By 1 month of age, water had been introduced to 30 % of Norwegian-Somali and 26 % of Norwegian-Iraqi infants, and infant formula to 44 % and 34 %, respectively. Fifty-four per cent of Norwegian-Somali and 68 % of Norwegian-Iraqi infants had been introduced to solid or semi-solid foods at 4 months of age. Breast-feeding at 6 months of age was more common among Norwegian-Somali infants (79 %) compared with Norwegian-Iraqi infants (58 %; P=0·001). Multivariate analyses indicated no significant factors associated with exclusive breast-feeding at 3·5 months of age. Factors positively associated with breast-feeding at 6 months were country of origin (Somalia) and parity (>2).ConclusionsBreast-feeding initiation was common among Iraqi-born and Somali-born mothers, but the exclusive breast-feeding period was shorter than recommended in both groups. The study suggests that there is a need for new culture-specific approaches to support exclusive breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices among foreign-born mothers living in Norway.

scholarly journals Complementary Feeding Practices of Nepali mothers for 6 months to 24 months children.

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (191) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Hari Chapagain
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding

Introduction: Lack of knowledge and proper feeding practices contribute to higher childhood morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study wasto evaluate the mother’s knowledge and practices in terms of quantity, quality and timing of complementary feeding in infant and young child.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted between June, 2010 to October, 2011, at Kanti Children's Hospital, Nepal, involving 1100 mothers of children from 6 to 24 months of age who attended outpatient department of this hospital, applying systematic sampling technique using semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Eighty-seven percent of mothers had knowledge about the duration of exclusive breast feeding but only 33.0% practiced it and 21.0% breast fed their children up to 3 months. Eighty-seven percent of mothers knew when to start complementary feeding and 53.27% of mothers used the marketed weaning food. lito alone was offered by 28.27% as complementary food. Though 36.6% had proper knowledge of frequency of complementary feeding, only 33.27% were actually practicing it and 9.9% were offering more frequent thanrecommended. About half of the mothers fed their child with the food of appropriate consistency and 66.0% fed with the appropriate amount. But only 15.82% mothers fed their children with ideal frequency, sufficient amount and ideal quality.Conclusions: There was a knowledge and practice gap of duration of exclusive breast feeding and initiation and continuation of ideal complementary feeding. Rate of exclusive breast feeding was on declining trend._______________________________________________________________________________________Keywords: complementary feeding; exclusive breast feeding; infant and young child feeding; ideal feeding._______________________________________________________________________________________

scholarly journals Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices upto Two Years of Age and Their Nutritional Status

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Salim ◽  
SA Mita ◽  
MN Uddin ◽  
NWB Jahan ◽  
MZ Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Child Feeding Practices

This cross sectional study was conducted during the period of May 2008 to June 2009, a total of 455 mothers having their children of less than two years of age were interviewed in paediatric OPD of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital to know the infants and young child feeding practices and their nutritional status. The mothers were mostly from the lower middle and poor socioeconomic condition. About one forth of the mothers had no institutional education. Most of the mothers live in a joint family. Pre-lacteal feeding rate were 60% and most common pre-lacteal food were honey and sugar water. More than 98% mothers gave colostrums to their newborn babies. Over 24% mothers initiated breast feeding within one hour and 18% did so within 30 minutes after birth. Exclusive breastfeeding rate up to 6 completed months of age was found in only 24.4% cases and it was more in educated mothers. Continued breast feeding rate was 34.5% in 19 - 24 months age group of children. About 24% mothers started complementary feeding timely at 6 completed months of age and about 50% mothers started early before 6 months. Most common complementary foods were carbohydrate rich cooked suji, barley or rice powder mixed with either cow's milk or powdered milk. Only 18.5% mother gave khichuri as a complementary food. Bottle feeding was still higher and it was 59.3% cases. In this study, 17.4% children were severely underweight and more than twenty four percent (24.4%) was severely stunted and 2.0% were severely wasted. Malnutrition was common in those children who were nonexclusively breast fed and start complementary feeding either early or late with carbohydrate rich food. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v41i1.18774 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2012 Vol. 41 No. 1; 14-20

scholarly journals Infant Feeding Practice of Mother attending Pediatric out Patients Department in A Tertiary Care Center

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamanna Begum ◽  
SK Azimul Hoque ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Soofia Katoon ◽  
Azanta Rani Shah
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Appropriate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices are the fundamental to children’s nutrition, health and survival during the first year of life. WHO and UNICEF have articulated a global strategy for poor infant feeding practices directly and indirectly contributes to under nutrition, morbidity and mortality in infant. Objective: This study was designed to determine the breast feeding (BF) and complementary feeding (CF) practices in study population. Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in Pediatrics out patients department (OPD) of Shahid Surhawardy Medical College and Hospital, from January 2009 to December 2009. Feeding history of total 250 babies age >6 months to <1 year was taken from mothers. Results: Among 250 total babies, prelacteal feed was given in 29.2%(73/250), colostrum was given in 79.2%(198/250) and exclusive breast feeding upto six months was given in 24%(60/250) babies. CF was started in 242 babies and it was too early before six months in 29.6%(74/250) cases. Amount of CF was adequate in 66.9%(162/ 242) and composition of CF was good enough in 58.3%(141/242) babies. Conclusion: In this study CF was introduced before 6 months in one third babies and amount was inadequate in same numbers of children. There is need for promotion and protection of optimal infant feeding practices for improving nutritional status of our children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v37i3.18616 Bangladesh J Child Health 2013; Vol.37(3): 138-141

scholarly journals A study on complementary feeding practices among mothers in urban and rural areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1162
Author(s):  
Sandhya Rani Javalkar ◽  
Radha Y. Aras
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is essential to ensure the growth, health, and development of children to their full potential. Complementary feeding is a process starting when breast milk alone is no longer sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements of infants, and therefore other foods and liquids are needed, along with breast milk. The objective was to study complementary feeding practices and the various factors influencing them in urban and rural areas.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in Urban and Rural area of Mangalore Taluk. Data was collected by interview method among 408 mothers using a predesigned pretested questionnaire, information regarding demographic profile, socio-economic status, complementary feeding practices, etc was collected.Results: As many as 186 (45.3%) i.e., 129/186 (69.3%) mothers in the rural area and 57/186 (30.6%) mothers in urban area started complementary feeds at the age of 6 months. The most common food preferred as complementary food was combination of rice and dal together. The number of meals per day given to the child varied from 2-4/day. The number of snacks given per day to the child varied from 1-4 /day; commonly preferred snacks were Biscuits both in urban and rural areas Bottle feeding was practiced by 181 (44.4%) of the mothers, that included 113/181 (62.4%) from rural area and 68/181 (37.5%) from urban area.Conclusions: Poor complementary feeding practices were observed both in rural and urban areas. Family member’s advice, poor knowledge and influence of baby food marketing strategies have resulted in inappropriate practices.

scholarly journals Complementary feeding practices among mothers of children aged six months to two years admitted in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu G. N. ◽  
Harish S.
Keyword(s):  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Optimal infant and young child feeding (IYCF) is an evidence-based measure for improving child nutrition and child survival. After 6 months of exclusive breast feeding, introduction of appropriate complementary feeds is essential. To ensure desirable growth and development of children, complementary feeding should be timely, culturally acceptable, nutritionally adequate, safe and responsive. Objective of this study was to assess the complementary feeding practices among the mothers of children between 6 months and 1 year of age with respect to the time of introduction, quantity and quality.Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional survey among the mothers of children aged 6 months to 2 years admitted in pediatric wards at KIMS Bangalore during a study period of 6 months. A predesigned questionnaire was used for the collection of data. Details including socio demographic profile of the family and feeding practices of the infant were collected in detail.Results: Out of the 200 participants, 59% were males. 74.5% of the respondent mothers were housewives. Complementary feeds were started at appropriate time in 64.5% of the cases. The feeds were adequate in amount and frequency in 34.5% of the children. Bottle feeding was noted in 33.5% of the cases. Conclusions: Apart from the timely introduction of complementary feeds to infants, emphasis also should be given to the adequacy and quality of the feeds with respect to nutrients. Health professionals should focus on counseling the mothers on appropriate complementary feeding during antenatal, delivery, postnatal, and immunization services.

scholarly journals Introduction of Complementary Foods and Inadequate Dietary Habits in Infants Under 12 Months of Age in Three Regions of Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 512-512
Author(s):  
Vanessa Campos ◽  
Andrea Anater ◽  
Joel Hampton ◽  
Alison Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
One Year

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to describe the dietary patterns of Brazilian infants from birth to 12 mo of age and to assess their adherence to feeding guidelines. Methods A cross-sectional random sample of infants aged 0–11.9 mo (n = 216) was identified in three census regions of Brazil (Northeast, Southeast, and South). In-person interviewers asked caregivers about breastfeeding practices and duration and timing of introduction of solid foods. Prevalence was estimated for specific age groups. Results were weighted to be representative of the infant population in Brazil. Results Almost 80% of the infants below 6 mo of age were ever breastfed. The percentage of infants that were currently breastfeeding decreased from birth through the age of 12 mo. Breastfeeding rates (i.e., currently breastfeeding) were 76.9% for infants 0–2.9 mo, 70.4% for those 3–5.9 mo and 50.5% for infants 6–11.9 mo. Early introduction of complementary foods was identified. Cow's milk was consumed by 12.4% of infants consumed cow's milk at 4–5.9 mo, and 51.6% were receiving cow's milk at 6–11.9 mo. Approximately 25% of 4–5.9 mo olds were consuming juice, and by 6–11.9 mo, 79.2% were consuming juice. On the other hand, 47.5% of 6–11.9 mo olds were consuming iron-fortified infant cereal and 70.8% were consuming meat. Conclusions We identified some feeding practices during early infancy among Brazilian infants that do not meet governmental recommendations. These include early introduction of cow's milk and consumption of fruit juices before one year of age. Funding Sources Supported by Nestle Research, Lausanne Switzerland.

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