Breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices in the first 6 months of life among Norwegian-Somali and Norwegian-Iraqi infants: the InnBaKost survey

AbstractObjectiveTo examine breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices during the first 6 months of life among Norwegian infants of Somali and Iraqi family origin.DesignA cross-sectional survey was performed during March 2013–February 2014. Data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ adapted from the second Norwegian national dietary survey among infants in 2006–2007.SettingSomali-born and Iraqi-born mothers living in eastern Norway were invited to participate.SubjectsOne hundred and seven mothers/infants of Somali origin and eighty mothers/infants of Iraqi origin participated.ResultsBreast-feeding was almost universally initiated after birth. Only 7 % of Norwegian-Somali and 10 % of Norwegian-Iraqi infants were exclusively breast-fed at 4 months of age. By 1 month of age, water had been introduced to 30 % of Norwegian-Somali and 26 % of Norwegian-Iraqi infants, and infant formula to 44 % and 34 %, respectively. Fifty-four per cent of Norwegian-Somali and 68 % of Norwegian-Iraqi infants had been introduced to solid or semi-solid foods at 4 months of age. Breast-feeding at 6 months of age was more common among Norwegian-Somali infants (79 %) compared with Norwegian-Iraqi infants (58 %; P=0·001). Multivariate analyses indicated no significant factors associated with exclusive breast-feeding at 3·5 months of age. Factors positively associated with breast-feeding at 6 months were country of origin (Somalia) and parity (>2).ConclusionsBreast-feeding initiation was common among Iraqi-born and Somali-born mothers, but the exclusive breast-feeding period was shorter than recommended in both groups. The study suggests that there is a need for new culture-specific approaches to support exclusive breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices among foreign-born mothers living in Norway.

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Complementary Feeding Practices of Nepali mothers for 6 months to 24 months children.

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.1923 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (191) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ram Hari Chapagain

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽

Young Child Feeding

Introduction: Lack of knowledge and proper feeding practices contribute to higher childhood morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study wasto evaluate the mother’s knowledge and practices in terms of quantity, quality and timing of complementary feeding in infant and young child.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted between June, 2010 to October, 2011, at Kanti Children's Hospital, Nepal, involving 1100 mothers of children from 6 to 24 months of age who attended outpatient department of this hospital, applying systematic sampling technique using semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Eighty-seven percent of mothers had knowledge about the duration of exclusive breast feeding but only 33.0% practiced it and 21.0% breast fed their children up to 3 months. Eighty-seven percent of mothers knew when to start complementary feeding and 53.27% of mothers used the marketed weaning food. lito alone was offered by 28.27% as complementary food. Though 36.6% had proper knowledge of frequency of complementary feeding, only 33.27% were actually practicing it and 9.9% were offering more frequent thanrecommended. About half of the mothers fed their child with the food of appropriate consistency and 66.0% fed with the appropriate amount. But only 15.82% mothers fed their children with ideal frequency, sufficient amount and ideal quality.Conclusions: There was a knowledge and practice gap of duration of exclusive breast feeding and initiation and continuation of ideal complementary feeding. Rate of exclusive breast feeding was on declining trend._______________________________________________________________________________________Keywords: complementary feeding; exclusive breast feeding; infant and young child feeding; ideal feeding._______________________________________________________________________________________

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The influence of a community-level breast-feeding promotion intervention programme on breast-feeding practices in Myanmar

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018001799 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (16) ◽

pp. 3091-3100

Author(s):

May Me Thet ◽

Tin Aung ◽

Nadia Diamond-Smith ◽

May Sudhinaraset

Keyword(s):

Child Health ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Well Being ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽

Feeding Duration

AbstractObjectiveBreast-feeding in the first 6 months of life is critical for ensuring both child health and well-being. Despite efforts to improve breast-feeding practices, recent studies have reported that Myanmar continues to have low rates of exclusive breast-feeding.Design/Setting/SubjectsA community-based breast-feeding promotion programme using trained community members was implemented for 1 year in hard-to-reach townships of Myanmar. The present study assessed the breast-feeding practices using a cross-sectional survey of 610 mothers of children under 2 years old: specifically, breast-feeding within 24 h, exclusive breast-feeding up to 6 months and breast-feeding duration.ResultsUsing Cox models for breast-feeding duration before 24 months, the hazard of breast-feeding cessation was lower in programme v. non-programme townships (hazard ratio (HR)=0·55; 95 % CI 0·32, 0·95). Mothers who worked as shop owners or ran a family business had lower hazard of breast-feeding cessation (HR=0·13, P<0·05) v. those who worked as supervisors, managers, self-employed and businesswomen. The hazard of breast-feeding cessation was higher in women in higher wealth quintiles v. those in the lowest quintile (lower quintile, HR=3·49, P<0·1; higher quintile, HR=3·50, P<0·1; highest quintile, HR=3·47, P<0·1).ConclusionsThe intervention did not affect exclusive breast-feeding practices or breast-feeding within the first 24 h. Potential reasons include existing high levels of early initiation of breast-feeding due to ongoing government-led maternal and child health activities, and social and traditional practices related to complementary feeding. Community-based breast-feeding programmes should continue to promote exclusive breast-feeding and develop strategies to support working mothers.

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Determinants of suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012002935 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 659-672 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Tabish Hazir ◽

Dure-Samin Akram ◽

Yasir Bin Nisar ◽

Narjis Kazmi ◽

Kingsley E Agho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Low Income ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Bottle Feeding ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽

Breast Feed

AbstractObjectiveExclusive breast-feeding is estimated to reduce infant mortality in low-income countries by up to 13 %. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan.DesignA cross-sectional study using data extracted from the multistage cluster sample survey of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006–2007.SettingA nationally representative sample of households.SubjectsLast-born alive children aged 0–23 months (total weighted sample size 3103).ResultsThe prevalences of timely initiation of breast-feeding, bottle-feeding in children aged 0–23 months, exclusive breast-feeding and predominant breast-feeding in infants aged 0–5 months were 27·3 %, 32·1 %, 37·1 % and 18·7 %, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that working mothers (OR = 1·48, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·87; P = 0·001) and mothers who delivered by Caesarean section (OR = 1·95, 95 % CI 1·30, 2·90; P = 0·001) had significantly higher odds for no timely initiation of breast-feeding. Mothers from North West Frontier Province were significantly less likely (OR = 0·37, 95 % CI 0·23, 0·59; P < 0·001) not to breast-feed their babies exclusively. Mothers delivered by traditional birth attendants had significantly higher odds to predominantly breast-feed their babies (OR = 1·96, 95 % CI 1·18, 3·24; P = 0·009). The odds of being bottle-fed was significantly higher in infants whose mothers had four or more antenatal clinic visits (OR = 1·93, 95 % CI 1·46, 2·55; P < 0·001) and belonged to the richest wealth quintile (OR = 2·41, 95 % CI 1·62, 3·58; P < 0·001).ConclusionsThe majority of Pakistani mothers have suboptimal breast-feeding practices. To gain the full benefits of breast-feeding for child health and nutrition, there is an urgent need to develop interventions to improve the rates of exclusive breast-feeding.

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The infant feeding practices of mothers in the Maldives

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007223882 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 502-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R Abdulraheem ◽

CW Binns

Keyword(s):

Infant Feeding ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Feeding Rate ◽

Average Duration ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Infant Feeding Practices ◽

Feeding Rates ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breast Fed

AbstractObjectiveTo document the infant feeding practices of Maldivian mothers.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 251 Maldivian mothers recruited in 2004 from the ‘well baby’ or ‘well child’ clinics on the island of Male' and including 75 mothers from three other islands, Hura, Himmafushi and Thulusdhoo.ResultsThe full breast-feeding rate at hospital discharge was 93% but declined to 41% at 4 months. Any breast-feeding rates were high among Maldivian mothers: 100% at 1 month and 85% were still breast-feeding at 6 months. The median duration of breast-feeding was 24 months.ConclusionBreast-feeding rates are high and the average duration of breast-feeding is more than 2 years in the Maldives. Health promotion activities should be directed towards maintaining the already high ‘any breast-feeding’ rates and increasing the proportion of infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months.

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Breastfeeding and infant/young child feeding in Nepal

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185226 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Sunil Shah ◽

Jose Augusto R. Simoes

Keyword(s):

Young Child ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Bottle Feeding ◽

Iodized Salt ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Young Child Feeding ◽

Child Feeding Practices

Background: Under nutrition being a major problem in Nepal, it is necessary to meet the minimum dietary standard which is essential for growth and development of young children, so promotion of infant and young child feeding practices among children is important intervention.Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted among mothers of children of Bardia and Kailali districts of under 2 years and data was collected using the pre-tested questionnaire.Results: The study shows 30.3 percent of the mothers initiated breastfeeding within an hour of birth, 47.9 percent gave colostrums, 25.5 percent were practicing exclusive breastfeeding at 6 or more months,60 percent mothers fed anything else as prelacteal feed before breast feeding, 60 percent of mothers started complementary feeding between 3-6 months, 47.9 percent of mothers used anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night, 74.8 percent of mothers were currently breast feeding their children, 58 percent used iodized salt and 70.05 percent revealed that their child received Vit A within last six months.Conclusions: The present study showed that late initiation of breast feeding and practice of prelacteal feeds among home delivered mothers being high. The frequency of complementary feeding ranged was less and early/late weaning are still widely prevalent, use of bottle feeding is high, use of iodized salt is still low. There is a need to educate the mothers regarding proper infant/child feeding practices.

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Infant Feeding Practice of Mother attending Pediatric out Patients Department in A Tertiary Care Center

Bangladesh Journal of Child Health ◽

10.3329/bjch.v37i3.18616 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 138-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tamanna Begum ◽

SK Azimul Hoque ◽

Md Rafiqul Islam ◽

Soofia Katoon ◽

Azanta Rani Shah

Keyword(s):

Infant Feeding ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Feeding Practice ◽

Infant Feeding Practices ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Appropriate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices are the fundamental to childrens nutrition, health and survival during the first year of life. WHO and UNICEF have articulated a global strategy for poor infant feeding practices directly and indirectly contributes to under nutrition, morbidity and mortality in infant. Objective: This study was designed to determine the breast feeding (BF) and complementary feeding (CF) practices in study population. Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in Pediatrics out patients department (OPD) of Shahid Surhawardy Medical College and Hospital, from January 2009 to December 2009. Feeding history of total 250 babies age >6 months to <1 year was taken from mothers. Results: Among 250 total babies, prelacteal feed was given in 29.2%(73/250), colostrum was given in 79.2%(198/250) and exclusive breast feeding upto six months was given in 24%(60/250) babies. CF was started in 242 babies and it was too early before six months in 29.6%(74/250) cases. Amount of CF was adequate in 66.9%(162/ 242) and composition of CF was good enough in 58.3%(141/242) babies. Conclusion: In this study CF was introduced before 6 months in one third babies and amount was inadequate in same numbers of children. There is need for promotion and protection of optimal infant feeding practices for improving nutritional status of our children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v37i3.18616 Bangladesh J Child Health 2013; Vol.37(3): 138-141

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A Cross Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Breast-Feeding Practices among Postnatal Mothers Delivering at Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research ◽

10.52403/ijshr.20210445 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 451-458

Author(s):

Rajender Singh ◽

Mangla Sood ◽

Vipin Roach

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

North India ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Postnatal Mothers

Background: Despite benefits of breast feeding for both the infants and mothers, its prevalence has remained low worldwide. The present study was conducted to examine the knowledge and attitude towards breast feeding practices among postnatal mothers. Methodology:A cross sectional study was conducted among non-randomly selected postnatal mothers at a tertiary care hospital in North India. Data was collected through a structured online questionnaire administered on electronic tablet before discharge. Results: Among 430 females enrolled in study, majority (98.65%)of the mothers believed breast milk is best nutrition for infant. 211(95%) multipara were breastfeeders, 64 among them had breastfed for more than 2 years. Only 9 mothers had stopped BF before 6 months. However, only 301(78%) had initiated breast feeding within one hour of birth. Early initiation was higher among vaginal (50.34%) compared to Caesarean (25.7%) births. Only 40% mothers observed correct positioning and attachment of infant on breast. Higher number of antenatal visits and correct skill of latching infant on breast were significantly associated with better exclusive BF rates. 91% mothers preferred to increase suckling on breast by infant to tackle problem of inadequate breast milk output. Conclusion: Our findings showed increase knowledge and positive attitude for BF among post natal mothers delivering in hospitals. We emphasise on the importance of prenatal education to mothers and fathers on breast-feeding. We also recommend strengthening the public health education campaigns to promote breast-feeding. Keywords: Attitudes, Breast feeding, India, Infant feeding practices, Knowledge, Mothers.

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Infant feeding practices and prevalence of obesity in eight European countries – the IDEFICS study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012003850 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 219-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Monica Hunsberger ◽

Anne Lanfer ◽

Anna Reeske ◽

Toomas Veidebaum ◽

Paola Russo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Weight Status ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

European Countries ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Maternal Overweight

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between exclusive breast-feeding and childhood overweight.DesignCross-sectional data are from the baseline survey of the longitudinal cohort study IDEFICS. Exclusive rather than partial breast-feeding is the focus of the study due to the theoretical relationship between exclusive breast-feeding and development of dietary self-regulation. Children's measured heights and weights were used to calculate weight status, while waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and skinfold measures were examined as alternative indicators of adiposity and fat patterning.SettingExamination centres in eight European countries (Italy, Estonia, Cyprus, Belgium, Sweden, Hungary, Germany and Spain).SubjectsThe analysis included 14 726 children aged 2–9 years for whom early feeding practices were reported by parents in standardized questionnaires.ResultsAfter controlling for education, income and other potential confounders, breast-feeding exclusively for 4–6 months was protective of overweight (including obesity) when compared with children never exclusively breast-fed (OR = 0·73; 95 % CI 0·63, 0·85) across all measures of overweight. Exclusively breast-feeding for 6 months offered slightly more protection than for 4 and 5 months combined (OR = 0·71; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·85). The associations could not be explained by socio-economic characteristics or maternal overweight.ConclusionsThis multi-country investigation indicated that exclusive breast-feeding for 4–6 months may confer protection against overweight in addition to other known benefits. There was no demonstrated benefit of exclusive breast-feeding for more than 6 months or combination feeding for any duration across all measures of overweight examined.

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Factors associated with exclusive breast-feeding: A cross-sectional survey in Kaiyuan, Yunnan, Southwest China

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0223251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. e0223251 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuan Ruan ◽

Qiang Zhang ◽

Juanjuan Li ◽

Rong Wan ◽

Jun Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Southwest China ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽

Factors Associated

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Feeding Practices among Infants in a Rural Community in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Medical Students ◽

10.5195/ijms.2014.99 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 115-118

Author(s):

Rajat Das Gupta

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Feeding Practice ◽

Feeding Rates ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽

Face To Face ◽

Maternal Illness

Background: Proper feeding practices during infancy are necessary for the growth and development of infants and to prevent malnutrition. This study was conducted to describe the feeding practice among infants in a rural area in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2013. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews of 212 mothers using a pretested questionnaire. Results: Exclusive breast feeding and complementary feeding rates were 40.6% and 97.3%, respectively. One third of the mothers practiced prelactal feeding, and honey was the most common item. Maternal illness (72.7%) was the most common reason for not giving breast milk. Infant formula was used as an alternative food in majority of the cases (72.7%). Conclusion: Percentage of exclusive breast feeding was not satisfactory. Encouragement of female education is recommended to improve feeding practices and infant care

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