Clinical characteristics and outcome of neonates with neonatal mastitis: a hospital based study

Background: Neonatal mastitis is not an uncommon condition, mostly occurs due to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), sometimes leading to breast abscess with detrimental effects.Methods: Our study was retrospective, hospital based observational study carried out at Government Medical College, Baramulla from August 2017 to August 2019, all cases with features of neonatal mastitis were included in the study and also admitted in hospital. Clinical and laboratory data along with demographic data was recorded and analysed.Results: 23 cases were included with age of presentation 8 to 28 days. Babies particularly male babies received breast massage (N=10), besides this pain (15) and redness (N=23) was most common clinical characteristics purulent discharge seen in 2 cases and 7 cases were febrile. Laboratory findings include decreased total leucocyte count (TLC) and positive C-reactive protein (CRP), pus culture from samples revealed S. aureus in 11 cases, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) in 3 cases, E. coli in 2 cases and sterile in 7 cases. Most of cases were sensitive to penicillin (N=14) and in two cases were methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains resistant to methicillin. All patients responded well to intravenous (IV) antibiotics while as 8 cases required (I and D), blood cultured showed growth in 19 cases while cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was sterile in all patients. Above all babies were discharged successfully without any complications.Conclusions: We concluded from our study that neonatal mastitis if treated early has better outcome rather than practicing misbeliefs like breast massage to express so called witch’s milk, in addition we conclude that neonatal mastitis is not an uncommon problem.

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Clinical characteristics and antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 protein using the VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests in COVID-19 patients in Japan

10.1101/2020.08.02.20166256 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mayu Nagura-Ikeda ◽

Kazuo Imai ◽

Katsumi Kubota ◽

Sakiko Noguchi ◽

Yutaro Kitagawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Disease Prognosis ◽

Antibody Assays ◽

Clinical Background ◽

Clinical Records ◽

Antibody Tests

Abstract Background: We evaluated clinical characteristics and the clinical utility of VITROS SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests according to COVID-19 severity in patients in Japan. Methods: We analyzed 255 serum specimens from 130 COVID-19 patients and examined clinical records and laboratory data. Presence of total (IgA, IgM, and IgG) and specific IgG antibody for the spike 1 antigen of SARS-CoV2 was determined using VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests. Findings: Overall, 98 (75.4%) and 32 (24.6%) patients had mild and severe COVID-19, respectively. On admission, 76 (58.5%) and 45 (34.6%) patients were positive for total and IgG antibody assays. Among 91 patients at discharge, 90 (98.9%) and 81 (89.0%) patients were positive for total and IgG antibody, respectively. Clinical background and laboratory findings on admission, but not the prevalence or concentration of total or IgG antibody, were associated with disease prognosis. Total and IgG antibody intensity were significantly higher in severe cases than in mild cases in serum collected after 11 days from onset, but not within 10 days. Conclusion: VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Total and IgG assays will be useful as supporting diagnostic and surveillance tools and for evaluation of humoral immune response to COVID-19. Clinical background and laboratory findings are preferable predictors of disease prognosis.

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Comparative Study of Acute Lung Injury in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Patients

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.666629 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jianguo Zhang ◽

Xing Huang ◽

Daoyin Ding ◽

Jinhui Zhang ◽

Liusheng Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Acute Lung Injury ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Medical Histories

Background: Amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we analyzed clinical characteristics of acute lung injury (ALI) in COVID-19 patients and reported their similarity and dissimilarity to those of non-COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: We reported on 90 COVID-19 and 130 non-COVID-19 ALI patients in the ICUs of multiple centers. Demographic data, medical histories, laboratory findings, and radiological images were analyzed and compared between the two cohorts and within each cohort between survivors and non-survivors. For ALI survivors, clinical characteristics before and after treatment were also compared.Findings: Aberrations in blood parameters, such as leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and thrombocytopenia, were observed in both cohorts. More characteristic abnormalities, including significantly higher red cell distribution width (RDW), C-reactive proteins, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) but lower troponin (TnT) and procalcitonin, were observed in the COVID-19 cohort than in the non-COVID-19 cohort, whereas D-dimer levels showed a similar elevation in both cohorts. The COVID-19 cohort also showed more diversified CT patterns where severe features such as consolidations and crazy paving patterns were more frequently observed. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, fever symptom, prothrombin time, procalcitonin, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, oxygenated hemoglobin, and crazy paving patterns in CT scans were independent risk factors associated with COVID-19.Interpretation: Comparison of ALI characteristics between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients in the ICU setting provided insight into the pathogenesis of ALI induced by different risk factors, suggesting distinct treatment plans.

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Cryptococcal meningitis in young adults: clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes

10.21203/rs.2.1867/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Che-Wei Hsu ◽

Chia-Yi Lien ◽

Jun-Jun Lee ◽

Wen-Neng Chang ◽

Wan-Chen Tsai

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Young Adult ◽

Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Adult Group ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Therapeutic Outcomes

Abstract Background: The clinical characteristics of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in young adults (≤ 40 years old) have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to delineate the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and therapeutic outcomes of young adults with CM, and compare them with older adults (> 40 years old) with CM. Methods: Ninety-nine adult patients with CM (64 men, 35 women) were enrolled from 2002-2016, of whom 26 were ≤ 40 years old (young adult group) and 73 were > 40 years old (non-young adult group). The clinical characteristics, laboratory data and therapeutic outcomes of these two groups were compared. The prognostic factors of the young adult CM patients were analyzed, and the clinical characteristics and laboratory data between the young adult CM patients with and without acquired immune-compromised syndrome (AIDS) were compared. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the outcomes of the survivors at the time of discharge and at 1 year of follow-up. Results: The young adult CM patients had a significantly higher incidence of headache as the clinical presentation. There were no significant clinical differences between the young adult CM patients with and without AIDS. There were no significant prognostic factors in the young adult CM patients, but the young adult survivors had better outcomes (mRS score 0-2) than the non-young adult group. Conclusion: The young adult CM patients had a higher incidence of headache as the clinical presentation, and the young adult CM survivors had better clinical outcomes.

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Laboratory predictors of death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the area of Valcamonica, Italy

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2020-0459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 1100-1105 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Graziella Bonetti ◽

Filippo Manelli ◽

Andrea Patroni ◽

Alessandra Bettinardi ◽

Gianluca Borrelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hospital Stay ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Troponin I ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

International Normalized Ratio ◽

Serum Glucose ◽

Hospital Death ◽

Laboratory Findings

AbstractBackgroundComprehensive information has been published on laboratory tests which may predict worse outcome in Asian populations with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study is to describe laboratory findings in a group of Italian COVID-19 patients in the area of Valcamonica, and correlate abnormalities with disease severity.MethodsThe final study population consisted of 144 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (70 who died during hospital stay and 74 who survived and could be discharged) between March 1 and 30, 2020, in Valcamonica Hospital. Demographical, clinical and laboratory data were collected upon hospital admission and were then correlated with outcome (i.e. in-hospital death vs. discharge).ResultsCompared to patients who could be finally discharged, those who died during hospital stay displayed significantly higher values of serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, creatinine, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hscTnI), prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, C reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and leukocytes (especially neutrophils), whilst values of albumin, hemoglobin and lymphocytes were significantly decreased. In multiple regression analysis, LDH, CRP, neutrophils, lymphocytes, albumin, APTT and age remained significant predictors of in-hospital death. A regression model incorporating these variables explained 80% of overall variance of in-hospital death.ConclusionsThe most important laboratory abnormalities described here in a subset of European COVID-19 patients residing in Valcamonica are highly predictive of in-hospital death and may be useful for guiding risk assessment and clinical decision-making.

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Desquamation in Kawasaki Disease

Children ◽

10.3390/children8050317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 317

Author(s):

Ling-Sai Chang ◽

Ken-Pen Weng ◽

Jia-Huei Yan ◽

Wan-Shan Lo ◽

Mindy Ming-Huey Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Kawasaki Disease ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Ivig Treatment ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Coronary Artery Abnormalities ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Hands And Feet

(1) Background: Desquamation is a common characteristic of Kawasaki disease (KD). In this study, we analyzed patients’ varying desquamation levels in their hands or feet, in correlation with clinical presentation, to assess the relationship. (2) Methods: We retrospectively reviewed children with KD. We analyzed their age, laboratory data before intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment and coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) based on the desquamation level of their hands and feet. We classified the desquamation level from 0 to 3 and defined high-grade desquamation as grade 2 and 3. (3) Results: We enrolled a total 112 patients in the study. We found the hands’ high-grade desquamation was positively associated with age and segmented neutrophil percentage (p = 0.047 and 0.029, respectively) but negatively associated with lymphocyte and monocyte percentage (p = 0.03 and 0.006, respectively). Meanwhile, the feet’s high-grade desquamation was positively associated with total white blood cell counts (p = 0.033). Furthermore, we found that high-grade hand desquamation had less probability of CAA formation compared with that of a low grade (7.1% vs. 40.8%, p = 0.016). (4) Conclusions: This report is the first to demonstrate that the desquamation level of hands or feet in KD is associated with different coronary artery abnormalities and laboratory findings.

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G471 Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and management data in a single-center cohort of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

10.1136/archdischild-2020-rcpch.404 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

N Elkhateeb ◽

ML Uudelepp ◽

A Chakrapani ◽

M Cleary ◽

J Davison ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Single Center ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

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Characteristics of patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw with oral versus intravenous bisphosphonate treatment

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1186/s40902-021-00310-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Seung-Hun Lee ◽

So-Young Choi ◽

Min-Su Bae ◽

Tae-Geon Kwon

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽

Group Differences ◽

Bisphosphonate Treatment ◽

Administration Route ◽

Lesion Number ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

Intravenous Bisphosphonate

Abstract Purpose This retrospective study was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw who were receiving oral versus intravenous (IV) bisphosphonate (BP). Materials and methods This retrospective study enrolled subjects who had been diagnosed with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) during the period from July 2010 to June 2014. Information regarding the following demographic and clinical characteristics was collected: demographic data, administration route and type of BP, duration of BP medication, primary disease, number of involved sites, location of the lesion, number of surgeries, outcome of treatments, and laboratory test. All the patients were divided into oral and IV BP groups; and the between-group differences were compared. Results Total 278 patients were divided into two groups as per the route of BP administration. The proportion of oral BP-related MRONJ group were more dominant over IV BP group (oral BP, n = 251; IV BP, n = 27). In the IV BP group, the average dosing duration (31.4 months) was significantly shorter than that in the oral BP group (53.1 months) (P < 0.001). The average number of involved sites in the oral BP group (1.21 ± 0.48) was smaller than that in the IV BP group (1.63 ± 0.84) (P < 0.001). The average number of surgeries was higher in the IV BP group (1.65 ± 0.95) as compared to that in the oral BP group (0.98 ± 0.73) (P < 0.001). Outcome after the surgery for MRONJ after IV BP was poor than oral BP group. Conclusion IV administration of BP causes greater inhibition of bone remodeling and could lead more severe inflammation. Therefore, even if the duration of IV administration of BP is shorter than that of oral BP, the extent of the lesion could be more extensive. Therefore, the result suggests that the MRONJ after IV BP for cancer patients needs to be considered as different characteristics to oral BP group for osteoporosis patents.

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Clinical manifestations of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in Japan from the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry: age stratification and comparison with minimal change disease

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80931-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Takaya Ozeki ◽

Shoichi Maruyama ◽

Toshiyuki Imasawa ◽

Takehiko Kawaguchi ◽

Hiroshi Kitamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Renal Biopsy ◽

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis ◽

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Minimal Change Disease ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Minimal Change ◽

Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

AbstractFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a serious condition leading to kidney failure. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of FSGS and its differences compared with minimal change disease (MCD) using cross-sectional data from the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry. In Analysis 1, primary FSGS (n = 996) were stratified by age into three groups: pediatric (< 18 years), adult (18–64 years), and elderly (≥ 65 years), and clinical characteristics were compared. Clinical diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome (NS) was given to 73.5% (97/132) of the pediatric, 41.2% (256/622) of the adult, and 65.7% (159/242) of the elderly group. In Analysis 2, primary FSGS (n = 306) and MCD (n = 1303) whose clinical diagnosis was nephrotic syndrome (NS) and laboratory data were consistent with NS, were enrolled. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to elucidate the variables which can distinguish FSGS from MCD. On multivariable analysis, higher systolic blood pressure, higher serum albumin, lower eGFR, and presence of hematuria associated with FSGS. In Japanese nationwide registry, primary FSGS patients aged 18–64 years showed lower rate of NS than those in other ages. Among primary nephrotic cases, FSGS showed distinct clinical features from MCD.

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Prognosis of patients in prolonged coma after severe carbon monoxide poisoning

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327121997992 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096032712199799

Author(s):

Y Gao ◽

H Gu ◽

J Yang ◽

L Yang ◽

Z Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Vegetative State ◽

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Persistent Vegetative State ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Prolonged Coma

Background: Late recovery in patients following prolonged coma from carbon monoxide poisoning have been reported, but the probability is unclear. The purpose of this research was to assess the prognosis of patients in prolonged coma after severe carbon monoxide poisoning and related clinical and imaging features. Methods: There were 13 patients who had been in a state of coma for >7 days after acute carbon monoxide poisoning in the retrospective observational study, and demographic data, clinical data, laboratory data, complications, and image data were collected. Outcome was assessed by means of the Glasgow outcome scale after 1 year. The relationship between complications and imaging manifestations and prognosis was also analyzed. Results: One year after severe carbon monoxide poisoning, two patients (15.4%) had died (GOS 1), nine (69.2%) were in a persistent vegetative state (GOS 2), one (7.7%) was moderately disabled (GOS 4), and one (7.7%) achieved a good recovery (GOS 5) with minimal disability. Conclusions: Most patients with prolonged coma after severe carbon monoxide poisoning had a poor prognosis, although the younger patients had a better prognosis. Respiratory failure, hypotension and renal failure during the course of the disease were associated with a poor prognosis. The prognosis of patients with injuries in two sites in early CT was poor. Multiple lesions (≥3) and extensive white matter damage (Fazekas grade (PVH or DWMH) = 3) on MRI of chronic phase were also associated with a poor prognosis.

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