Role of serum interleukin-6 in heart failure

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that inflammation plays the key role in different cardiovascular diseases. But very study has been done so far in relation to serum interleukin-6 in heart failure patients. The aim of the study was to measure serum interleukin-6 in heart failure patients.Methods: Total 22 heart failure patients and 22 age and sex matched controls were included in this study from August 2015 to June 2016 for serum analysis of interleukin-6.Results: serum interleukin-6 was significantly [median(IQR) 14.3(26.2) pg/mL] increased in heart failure patients compared to age and sex matched controls [median(IQR) 0(2.4) pg/mL].Conclusions: Even though little is known about function of interleukin-6 in heart failure patients, this study shows that increased level of IL-6 in heart failure patients plays an important role as a pro-inflammatory marker in development of cardiovascular disease i.e. heart failure.

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Tools for the Assessment of the Malnutrition Status and Possible Interventions in Elderly with Cardiovascular Diseases

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10071508 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1508

Author(s):

Elisabetta Tonet ◽

Roberta Campana ◽

Serena Caglioni ◽

Federico Gibiino ◽

Alessio Fiorio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Outpatient Setting ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Prognostic Role ◽

Status Assessment

Malnutrition represents a common and important feature in elderly people affected by cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have investigated its prevalence and prognostic role in most clinical settings, including cardiovascular disease. However, in daily practice it usually remains unrecognized and consequently untreated. The present review was ideated to answer the main questions about nutritional status assessment in patients with cardiovascular disease: why, when, where, how to evaluate it, and what to do to improve it. The three main cardiovascular diseases, namely aortic stenosis, ischaemic heart disease, and heart failure were considered. First, the main evidence supporting the prognostic role of malnutrition are summarized and analyzed. Second, the main tools for the assessment of malnutrition in the hospital and outpatient setting are reported for each condition. Finally, the possible strategies and interventions to address malnutrition are discussed.

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Roles of Nursing in the Management of Geriatric Cardiovascular Diseases

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.682218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Chunzhi Zhang ◽

Congling Xiang ◽

Xin Tian ◽

Jun Xue ◽

Gengxu He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Myocardial Ischemia ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Current Status ◽

Role Of Nursing ◽

Cardiovascular Nursing

The nursing field occupies the largest secion of the cardiovascular healthcare services. Despite this, the roles of nursing within the cardiovascular healthcare system has not been well displayed. The authors searched PubMed and Embase (between January 1, 1950, and June 17, 2021) and created a narrative review of recent publications regarding the role of nursing in the management of geriatric cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients with geriatric CVD, which includes mainly myocardial ischemia and heart failure, were enrolled. Nursing can improve the outcomes of myocardial ischemia and heart failure. It plays a pivotal role in the recovery, rehabilitation, and outcomes of geriatric CVD, especially for chronic heart diseases. Taken together, this paper compiled is focused on the current status of cardiovascular nursing and may facilitate future treatment and rehabilitation in geriatric CVD.

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Bilirubin and cardiovascular risk

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 4511

Author(s):

O. M. Drapkina ◽

A. Ya. Kravchenko ◽

A. V. Budnevsky ◽

A. V. Kontsevaya ◽

M. S. Ryaskina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Collateral Circulation ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Ischemic Damage ◽

Endogenous Antioxidant ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

This literature review demonstrates the results of experimental and clinical studies, as well as data from meta-analyzes on the effect of bilirubin levels on cardiovascular system. Recent studies provided a new look at the role of bilirubin in cardiovascular disease. Modern concepts consider bilirubin as a powerful endogenous antioxidant with anti-inflammatory effects, capable of influencing the course of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and reducing ischemic damage. The change in bilirubin levels affects the coronary blood flow, the development of collateral circulation and the morphology of coronary plaques. A low bilirubin level is associated with an increase in left ventricular mass and a decrease in its contractility, which, in turn, leads to heart failure and increases the risk of rehospitalizations. Taking into account the above effects of bilirubin, there was interest in assessing the effect of its blood level on the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have attempted to create risk stratification models for adverse cardiovascular events based on bilirubin levels.

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Explant Myocarditis: Evidence for the Role of Inflammation in Decompensation of Advanced Heart Failure Patients

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(97)85151-0 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 330A ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B Bozkurt

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Advanced Heart Failure ◽

Heart Failure Patients

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Galectin-3 in Heart Failure – Linking Fibrosis, Remodelling and Progression

European Cardiology Review ◽

10.15420/ecr.2010.6.2.33 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Christopher R deFilippi ◽

G Michael Felker ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Risk Stratification ◽

Cardiac Fibrosis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Large Populations ◽

Galectin 3

For many with heart failure, including the elderly and those with a preserved ejection fraction, both risk stratification and treatment are challenging. For these large populations and others there is increasing recognition of the role of cardiac fibrosis in the pathophysiology of heart failure. Galectin-3 is a novel biomarker of fibrosis and cardiac remodelling that represents an intriguing link between inflammation and fibrosis. In this article we review the biology of galectin-3, recent clinical research and its application in the management of heart failure patients.

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NT-PROBNP AND THE CUT-OFF VALUE IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2011.5.1 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 5-12

Author(s):

Anh Tien Hoang ◽

Van Minh Huynh ◽

Khanh Hoang ◽

Huu Dang Tran ◽

Viet An Tran

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Clinical Application ◽

European Society ◽

The Other ◽

Cardiac Marker ◽

Cardiac Biomarker ◽

European Society Of Cardiology

NT-ProBNP is a high value cardiac biomarker and widely applies in many cardiovascular diseases. The evaluation of concentration of NT-ProBNP needs the concern about age, gender, obesity and especially we need each cut-off point for each cause of cardiovascular disease in evaluation and clinical application. Because NT-ProBNP is a new cardiac marker and has been researched in 5 recent years, the cut-off of NT-ProBNP is still being studied for the clinical application in cardiovascular diseases. Only the cut-off of NT-ProBNP in diagnosis heart failure was guided by European Society of Cardiology. The meaning of introduce cut-off value of value plays an role as pilot study for the other relate study and brings the NT-ProBNP closely approach to clinical application.

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Interleukin-6 Could Be a Potential Prognostic Factor in Ambulatory Elderly Patients with Stable Heart Failure: Results from a Pilot Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10030504 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 504

Author(s):

Marina Povar-Echeverría ◽

Pablo Esteban Auquilla-Clavijo ◽

Emmanuel Andrès ◽

Francisco Javier Martin-Sánchez ◽

María Victoria Laguna-Calle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Patients With Heart Failure ◽

Potential Prognostic Factor ◽

Fundamental Phenomenon ◽

Group 2

Introduction: Inflammation is a fundamental phenomenon in heart failure, but the prognostic or therapeutic role of markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) has not yet been clarified. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical profile of patients with elevated IL-6 and determine if they have worse clinical outcomes. Methods: A retrospective c.ohort observational study including 78 patients with heart failure followed up at the Heart Failure Outpatient Clinic of the Internal Medicine Department. IL-6 was determined in all patients, who were then assigned into two groups according to IL-6 level (normal or high). Clinical and prognostic data were collected to determine the differences in both groups. Results: The average age was 79 years, 60% female. A total of 53.8% of the patients had elevated IL-6 (group 2). Patients with elevated IL-6 presented more frequently with anemia mellitus (64.3% vs. 41.7%; p = 0.046), atrial fibrillation (83.3% vs. 61.9% p = 0.036), dyslipidemia (76.2% vs. 58.2%; p = 0.03), higher creatinine levels (1.35 mg/dL vs. 1.08 mg/dL; p = 0.024), lower glomerular filtration rate (43.6 mL/min/m2 vs. 59.9 mL/min/m2; p = 0.007), and anemia 25% vs. 52.4% p = 0.014. The factors independently associated with the increase in IL-6 were anemia 3.513 (1.163–10.607) and renal failure 0.963 (0.936–0.991), p < 0.05. Mortality was higher in the group with elevated IL-6 levels (16% vs. 2%; p = 0.044) with a log-rank p = 0.027 in the Kaplan–Meier curve. Conclusion: Patients with heart failure and elevated IL-6 most often have atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, anemia, and renal failure. In addition, mortality was higher and a tendency of higher hospital admission was observed in stable HF patients with elevated IL-6.

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