vitamin B12 status among anaemic adolescents

Background: Nutritional anaemia are common health problems. Most studies are done regarding iron deficiency anaemias. There are limited data regarding vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia especially in adolescents. Aims and objectives of the study were to find the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among anaemic adolescents and to study various socio-demographic factors and hematological parameters associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. Methods: Cross sectional hospital based observational study of 211 adolescents (10 -18 year) with anaemia. Socio demographic characteristics like age, sex, education of mother & patient, socio- economic class, dietary history were noted for each patient. CBC including RBC indices and serum estimation of vitamin B12 level were done for each patient. Results: Anaemia was seen in 46.6% of adolescents. Vitamin B12 deficiency was seen in 49.76%. Vitamin B12 deficiency was significantly associated with male gender (p=0.032) and vegetarians (p=0.047). Moderate to severe degree of anaemia (p=0.016), macrocytosis (p= 0.000) and thrombocytopenia (p=0.007) was more observed in vitamin B12 deficient patients as compared to vitamin B12 non deficient groups. Statistically significant fall in mean haemoglobin level and increase in mean MCV values were seen with decreasing serum vitamin B12 level. Conclusions: Among anemic male and vegetarian adolescents vitamin B12 deficiency is a significant health problem. Hematological findings in peripheral blood are more associated with severe degree of vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 supplementation along with IFA should be addressed through national programmes.

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ANEMIA AND VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY IN ELDERLY.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.23750 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 402

Author(s):

Zaozianlungliu Gonmei ◽

Supriya Dwivedi ◽

Gurudayal Singh Toteja ◽

Karuna Singh ◽

Naval Kishore Vikram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Homocysteine ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

Objective: The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia among elderly in slums of West Delhi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 234 elderly aged 60 and above in slums of West Delhi. 5 ml blood was collected from 116 elderly and was analyzed for hemoglobin, Vitamin B12 and homocysteine. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <130 g/L and <120 g/l for male and female, respectively, Vitamin B12 deficiency as serum Vitamin B12 <203 pg/ml and hyperhomocysteinemia as serum homocysteine >15 μmol/l.Results: The overall prevalence of anemia, Vitamin B12 deficiency, and hyperhomocysteinemia among elderly was 57.76%, 36.36%, and 57.57%, respectively. Among anemic elderly, 33.33% and 64.15% had Vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia, respectively.Conclusion: More than half of the elderly population was anemic, while one-third was having Vitamin B12 deficiency.

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VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.05.321 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (05) ◽

pp. 753-758

Author(s):

Arshad Sattar Lakho ◽

Aqeel Ahmed Channa ◽

Abdul Ghaffar Dars ◽

Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽

Muhammad Iqbal

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Predominance ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

The Mean ◽

Hypothyroid Patients

Objectives: To determine the frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency in patientswith hypothyroidism. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period: 12-05-2016to 11-11-2016. Setting: Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro / Hyderabad. Patients andMethods: All the patients of known hypothyroid patients for ≥01month duration, 20-50 yearsof age, either gender were explored for serum vitamin B12 level. The SPSS was used tomanipulate the data in relation to mean ±SD, frequencies and percentages and through chisquaretest to get the p-values and its level of significance (≤0.05). Results: Total 145 patientswith hypothyroidism were evaluated for B12 deficiency, of which 97 (66.8%) were males and48 (33.1%) were females respectively. Ninety patients (62%) were from urban areas while 55(37.9%) was rural population. The mean ±SD for age of overall population was 41.83±8.93years while the mean age ±SD for vitamin B12 deficient and non deficient was 39.96±7.82and 40.74±8.54 years respectively. The vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in one hundredand five patients (72%), of which 69 (65.7%) males and 36 (34.3%) females. The mean ± SDfor duration of infection in overall population was 5.32±1.53 months while it was 5.81±1.43 invitamin B12 deficient individuals. Conclusion: The vitamin B12 deficiency is more pronouncedin hypothyroid patients. In present series vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in 105 (72%)individuals with male predominance 69 (65.7%).

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Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Eastern India: A Hospital Based Cross-sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/46642.14685 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Debasmita Bandyopadhyay ◽

Jayati Roy Choudhury ◽

Kasturi Mukherjee

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Eastern India ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severe Deficiency ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

Mild Deficiency

Introduction: The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency is common (around 40%) in people older than 65 years of age and in people who are strict vegetarians. The major sources of Viamin B12 are meat, fish, dairy products and fortified cereals. Aim: To study the prevalence and common types of presentations of vitamin B12 deficiency among 20-80 years aged, non-vegetarian people attending a tertiary care hospital in a state of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital between July 2018 to December 2019. Serum samples were collected from 478 adult patients presenting with different symptoms like pallor, fatigue, numbness and tingling sensation in limbs, memory loss, alopecia etc., which may be related to vitamin B12 deficiency. These samples were screened for serum vitamin B12 level by chemiluminescence method in ADVIA, Centaur CP (SIEMENS). Data were analysed statistically by graph pad prism 8 software. Significance of the difference between means were detected using Student’s unpaired t-test and calculating the p-value (p-value <0.05 were considered as significant). Results: Among 184 females, 50 (27.17%) were found to be Vitamin B12 deficient (VBD). Among them, 18 (36%) had mild deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level 201-220 pmol/L), 22 (44%) had moderate (serum vitamin B12 level 150-200 pmol/L) and 10 (20%) had severe deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level <150 pmol/L). A total of 35 (70%) of the VBD females were of <50 years of age. Among 294 males, 83 (28.23%) were found to be VBD. Among them, 34 (41%) had mild deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level 201-220 pmol/L), 36 (43%) had moderate (serum vitamin B12 level 150-200 pmol/L) and 13 (16%) had severe deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level <150 pmol/L). Total 43 (51.8%) of VBD male persons were of <50 years age. Among VBD female patients, 24 (48%) had neuropathy and among VBD male patients, 54 (65%) had neuropathy. Conclusion: So, it can be concluded that if regular screening is done for serum vitamin B12 in symptomatic patients irrespective of age, a number of problems can be reduced or cured by diagnosing VBD patients and treating them with vitamin B12 either by dietary modification or medicinal supplementation.

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Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in children with Vitamin B12 Deficiency - A cross-sectional observational study

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v12i7.35351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 42-46

Author(s):

Rajendra Kumar Dhayal ◽

Shree Krishan Vishnoi ◽

Rakesh Jora ◽

Sandeep Choudhary

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Atrophic Gastritis ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

H Pylori

Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in children but under diagnosed disorder. Helicobacter pylori infection plays an important role in the development of atrophic gastritis and related malabsorption. There may be a relationship between H.Pylori infection and vitamin B12 deficiency. Aims and Objective: To find out prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection by endoscopic and histopathological findings, in children aged 2-18 years, with vitamin B12 deficiency. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight patients with deficient serum vitamin B12 levels were evaluated. Upper GI Endoscopy was performed in all cases and gastric biopsies were obtained for histopathological examination and evidence of H. pylori infection. Results: Tissue biopsy revealed chronic atrophic gastritis in 09 patients and chronic antral gastritis in 52 patients. H. pylori infection by histology was positive in 45(57.70%) patients. We found significant correlation between atrophic gastritis and H. pylori infection, as well as between H. pylori infection and B12 deficiency. Conclusion: H.pylori has an effect on gastric mucosa, which affects the absorption of vitamin B12. Thus individuals with B12 deficiency should be subjected for diagnostic evaluation of H.pylori infection so that appropriate therapy can be initiated.

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Indigenous indicators of vitamin B12 deficiency

PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICAL RESEARCH - 2 ◽

10.47799/pimr.0802.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 38-46

Author(s):

Deepak Kumar P ◽

Darshana Makwana ◽

Pragathi Pragathi

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Predictive Values ◽

B12 Deficiency

Introduction: Clinical manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency are mostly non-specific. An entity called subclinical deficiency has become popular where the need has arisen to perform costly investigations which indicate functional deficiency of vitamin B12 even when vitamin B12 levels are normal. These factors pose a challenge in planning management of patients. Aims and objectives : The study was conducted as an attempt to identify affordable and credible laboratory indicators of vitamin B12 deficiency which can be used as screening tests before choosing patients for further evaluation or treatment. Material and Methods : This was a time bound cross-sectional study where 100 adult patients who had undergone the following investigations were randomly chosen: Complete Blood Count with red cell indices, serum bilirubin and serum vitamin B12 levels. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values (positive-PPV and negative-NPV) of the variables that could hypothetically identify vitamin B12 deficiency, both individually or in combinations were calculated and compared. Results and conclusion : Hemoglobin, MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin), platelets and bilirubin were not equally distributed between vitamin B12 deficient and normal groups(p values for these variables were 0.029, 0.000, 0.000, 0.003 and 0.029 respectively).When these variables were tested individually and in combination, the combination of [MCV=95 fl or MCH=30 pg or Platelets =1.4 lakh/µl or Bilirubin =1 mg/dl] had sensitivity of 68.2%, specificity of 85.7%, PPV of 78.9% and NPV of 77.4%. This proposed combination used as a screening test has potential for wide application considering its simplicity and cost advantage.

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ANEMIA AND VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY IN ELDERLY.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.23750 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 402 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zaozianlungliu Gonmei ◽

Supriya Dwivedi ◽

Gurudayal Singh Toteja ◽

Karuna Singh ◽

Naval Kishore Vikram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Homocysteine ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

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Hematological Parameters versus Serum Vitamin B12 Levels in the Diagnosis of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Neurological Deficits

International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ◽

10.21275/v5i3.nov161924 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 567-569

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

B12 Deficiency

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Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Boarding School Children from Seven Districts of Bhutan

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol04-i08/735 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (08) ◽

Author(s):

Laigden Dzed ◽

Hari Prasad Pokhrel ◽

Loday Zangpo ◽

Dorji Pelzom ◽

Ugyen Dendup

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

School Children ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Boarding School ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Animal Source Foods ◽

Animal Source ◽

B12 Deficiency

Introduction: Bhutanese school children are vulnerable to vitamin B12 deficiency as outbreaks of micronutrient deficiency diseases have been a common occurrence. The study presents the status of vitamin B12 deficiency among boarding school children from those seven districts. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine serum vitamin B12 level. Data and blood samples were collected from 448 boarding school children from the seven districts of Bhutan. Serum cobalamin levels were assessed and relationship between factors analyzed. Results: The study found that 64 % of the school children were found to have vitamin B12 deficiency. Adjusted Odds Ratio for the vitamin deficiency among boarding school children from lower secondary and higher secondary schools were 4.05 and 3.3 respectively, when compared to those from the primary school. Starches were the most commonly served foods in boarding schools, while the animal source foods were served twice or less in a month. Conclusion: The study found a high prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency among boarding school children from seven districts. Boarding school meals had very less frequency of animal source foods.

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Systematic Review and Pragmatic Clinical Approach to Oral and Nasal Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Treatment in Patients with Vitamin B12 Deficiency Related to Gastrointestinal Disorders

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm7100304 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 304 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emmanuel Andrès ◽

Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar ◽

Khalid Serraj ◽

Thomas Vogel ◽

Georges Kaltenbach

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Clinical Approach ◽

Oral Vitamin ◽

Hand Search ◽

B12 Deficiency

The objective of this review is to provide an update on the effectiveness of oral and nasal vitamin B12 (cobalamin) treatment in gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Relevant articles were identified by PubMed and Google Scholar systematic search, from January 2010 and June 2018, and through hand search of relevant reference articles. Additional studies were obtained from references of identified studies, the Cochrane Library and the ISI Web of Knowledge. Data gleaned from reference textbooks and international meetings were also used, as was information gleaned from commercial sites on the web and data from CARE B12 research group. For oral vitamin B12 treatment, 4 randomized controlled trials (vs. intramuscular), 4 narrative and 4 systematic reviews, and 13 prospective studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. These studies concerned patients with vitamin B12 deficiency related to: food-cobalamin malabsorption (n = 6), Biermer’s disease (n = 3), veganism or vegetarianism (n = 1), total gastrectomy after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 2) and Crohn’s disease (n = 1). Four prospective studies include patients with vitamin B12 deficiency related to the aforementioned etiologies, except veganism or vegetarianism. The systematic present review documents that oral vitamin B12 replacement, at a daily dose of 1000 μg (1 mg), was adequate to normalize serum vitamin B12 levels and cure main clinical manifestations related to vitamin B12 deficiency, in GI disorders, and thus, with safety profile. For nasal vitamin B12 treatment, only one preliminary study was available. We conclude that oral vitamin B12 is an effective alternative to intramuscular vitamin B12 (except in patients presenting with severe neurological manifestations). Oral vitamin B12 treatment avoids the discomfort, contraindication (in patients with anticoagulation), and cost of monthly injections.

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Circulating antibody to transcobalamin II causing retention of vitamin B12 in the blood

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v49.6.987.bloodjournal496987 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 987-1000 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R Carmel ◽

B Tatsis ◽

L Baril

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Binding Capacity ◽

Megaloblastic Anemia ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

High Serum ◽

The Status ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

Long Acting

A patient with recurrent pulmonary abscess, weight loss, and alcoholism was found to have extremely high serum vitamin B12 and unsaturated vitamin B12-binding capacity (UBBC) levels. While transcobalamin (TC) II was also increased, most of his UBBC was due to an abnormal binding protein which carried greater than 80% of the endogenous vitamin B12 and was not found in his saliva, granulocytes, or urine. This protein was shown to be a complex of TC II and a circulating immunoglobulin (IgGkappa and IgGlambda). Each IgG molecule appeared to bind two TC II molecules. The reacting site did not interfere with the ability of TC II to bind vitamin B12, but did interfere with its ability to transfer the vitamin to cells in vitro. The site was not identical to that reacting with anti-human TC II antibody produced in rabbits. Because of this abnormal complex, 57Co-vitamin B12 injected intravenously was cleared slowly by the patient. However, no metabolic evidence for vitamin B12 deficiency was demonstrable, although the patient initially had megaloblastic anemia apparently due to folate deficiency. The course of the vitamin B12-binding abnormalities was followed over 4 yr and appeared to fluctuate with the status of the patient's illness. The IgG-TC II complex resembled one induced in some patients with pernicious anemia by intensive treatment with long-acting vitamin B12 preparations. The mechanism of induction of the antibody formation in our patient is unknown.

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