scholarly journals A study on prevalence of dementia among elderly population in rural health training centre field practice area of Nalgonda

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2562
Author(s):  
Ratna Balaraju ◽  
Chandrasekhar Vallepalli ◽  
K. Chandra Sekhar ◽  
M. M. V. Prasad Sharma ◽  
T. Sushmita
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

Background: Dementia is one of the major causes of disability and dependency among older people worldwide. Dementia has physical, psychological, social and economic impact. Worldwide prevalence of dementia in elderly population of more than 60 years is 5-8%. Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in India is 14.89%. Present study aim was to estimate the prevalence of dementia and the risk factors associated with dementia among elderly population in rural field practice area of Nalgonda district.Methods: A descriptive, community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 119 elderly population in the field practice area of Rural Health Training Centre by simple random sampling method, with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 19. MMSE (mini mental status examination) questionnaire was used to screen for dementia. Barthel index was used to assess the dependency status.Results: Demographic profile of the study population of 119, males 65 (54.62%), females 54 (45.38%). Majority of their source of income were government service pension 30 (25.21%) and old age pension 70 (58.82%). 56 (47.06%) of elderly population living with family and 63 (52.94%) people were living individually. The study revealed the prevalence of cognitive impairment is 35.3%. Risk factors like middle age obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, social isolation showed significant association with dementia.Conclusions: Dementia can be prevented by early diagnosis and promoting physical health and treating behavioural and psychological symptoms. Risk of dementia can be reduced by following regular exercise, diet, quitting smoking and alcohol.

scholarly journals Association between Apoϵ4 allele and cardiometabolic and social risk factors with cognitive impairment in elderly population from Bogota

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-509
Author(s):  
Olga Lucia Pedraza ◽  
Isis Camacho ◽  
Fabio Alexander Sierra ◽  
Rubio-Gómez Cladelis ◽  
Ana Maria Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Allele Carrier ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Being an ϵ4 carrier in the Apoϵ gene has been suggested as a modifying factor for the interaction between cardio-metabolic, social risk factors, and the development of cognitive impairment. Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess the existence of such interaction in a sample of Bogota’s elderly population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,263 subjects older than 50 years. Each participant was diagnosed by consensus, after neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric evaluations, under a diagnosis of normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) according to Petersen’s criteria, or dementia according to DSM-IV criteria. Apoϵ was typified and an analysis of MoCA test was performed in each group carrying or not ϵ4 allele. Results: Our study showed that 75% were women with a median age of 68 years (interquartile range 62–74 years) and a median schooling for 6 years (interquartile range 4–12 years). Dementia was related to low education level of ≤5 years OR=11.20 (95%CI 4.99–25.12), high blood pressure (HBP) OR=1.45 (95%CI 1.03–2.05), and age over 70 years OR=7.68 (95%CI 3.49–16.90), independently of being or not an ϵ4 allele carrier. Diabetic subjects with dementia carrying ϵ4 allele showed a tendency to exhibit lower scores on the MoCA test, when compared with noncarriers’ diabetic subjects with dementia. Conclusions: The presence of ϵ4 allele does not modify the relationship between cognitive impairment and the different cardio-metabolic and social risk factors, except in diabetic subjects ϵ4 carriers with dementia who showed a tendency to exhibit lower scores of the MoCA test, when compared with noncarriers’ diabetic subjects with dementia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in adults: a nique study at field practice area of urban health training centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet S. Ingale ◽  
J. V. Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: The theme for World Health Day 2013 based on controlling high blood pressure, a condition which affects more than one in three adults and leads to more than nine million deaths worldwide every year. There is a felt need for the community based studies in urban and rural areas of our country with a view to determine the geographic differences in the prevalence of hypertension. The knowledge about the existing risk factors of hypertension in the local community helps in developing prevention programs tailor-made to modify behavioral changes and promoting healthy lifestyles among the target groups. The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and examine its associated risk factors in an urban area. The aim and objectives were to find out the prevalence of hypertension in the field practice area of Urban Health Training Centre and to study the risk factors associated with hypertension.Methods:A case control study after community based cross sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of Urban Health Training Centre of Government Medical College, Aurangabad, India. Subjects were examined with the help of pretested proforma. The blood pressure, weight, height of the subjects were measured and recorded according to standard protocol. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi Info statistical software.Results: 305 study subjects were examined. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 26.2%. Prevalence of hypertension was more in females 33.3% than in males 16.8% which was found to be statistically significant. All risk factors were subjected to multiple logistic regression analysis. Out of fourteen risk factors submitted for multivariate analysis, five out to be significant and independent risk factors for hypertension i.e. (higher socioeconomic status, Mixed diet, Additional dietary salt intake, <8hrs of sleep and restless sleep).Conclusions:These observations re-emphasize the need for tailor-made hypertension awareness programs. It also brings to light the need for follow-up, counselling and monitoring of hypertensive’s to reduce non-compliance to anti-hypertensive medication and lifestyle modification in urban areas.

scholarly journals Study of domestic violence against married women in the field practice area of urban health training centre, Aurangabad, Maharashtra

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrishikesh A. Khadilkar ◽  
Apeksha P. Paunikar ◽  
Mohan K. Doibale ◽  
Bina M. Kuril ◽  
Arvind V. Gaikwad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
One Year

Background: Domestic violence is a global issue. It has a serious impact on woman’s health and well-being. So the present study was carried out to study domestic violence against married women in the field practice area of urban health training centre (UHTC). The objective of the study was to find out the magnitude of domestic violence in married women in last one year and to find out the type of violence to which females are subjected and factors associated with it. Methods: The present community based cross-sectional study was carried out in married women residing in catchment area of UHTC. Sample size was first estimated with help of epi info, which came out to be 275 by considering 23.6% as the prevalence of domestic violence from NFHS-4. 282 women of age 15-49 years were finally included in study who was interviewed by predesigned pretested questionnaire by female investigator. The questions were asked related to ‘do they suffer from domestic violence, type of domestic violence and from whom they suffer such type of violence.’ Results: The prevalence of married women experiencing domestic violence in last one year in the field practice area of UHTC is 21.63%, of which 57.71% and 50% experienced physical and psychological violence by partner respectively. Also the study revealed that education and occupation of couple plays an important role in domestic violence. Conclusions: Domestic violence represents the hidden iceberg in the society and hence more community awareness about domestic violence is needed.  

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