scholarly journals Genital vesicobullous disease-not herpes genitalis!

Author(s):  
Sachin Dhawan ◽  
Naina Jain ◽  
Meenakshi Batrani

<p>Genital bullous pemphigoid (BP), a localized subset of bullous pemphigoid, has been identified in children and women in the past. However, we report an adult male presenting with blisters confined to glans and shaft of penis, mimicking herpes genitalis, failing antiviral therapy. The patient responded to treatment with dapsone.</p>

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
D T Abdurakhmanov ◽  
T P Rozina ◽  
E N Nikulkina ◽  
E Z Burnevich ◽  
E L Tanashuk ◽  
...  

Exactly 30 years ago, hepatitis C virus was identified. Over the years, tremendous success has been achieved in the treatment of hepatitis C, which is currently considered to be an almost completely curable disease. The review presents the main stages in the development of hepatitis C antiviral therapy, the efficacy of various treatment regimens. The greatest progress in treatment was noted over the past 5 years when drugs with direct antiviral action appeared and began to be widely used, including in Russia, which ensure the elimination of the virus in 90-95% of cases.


Author(s):  
David Ehrenfeld

When we arrived in Vancouver at the start of our vacation, the tabloid headline at the newspaper stand caught our attention. “World’s Bravest Mom,” it shrieked. We stopped to read. The story was simple; it needed no journalistic embellishment. Dusk, August 19, 1996. Mrs. Cindy Parolin is horseback riding with her four children in Tulameen, in southern British Columbia’s Okanagan region. Without warning, a cougar springs out of the vegetation, hurtling at the neck of one of the horses. In the confusion, Steven Parolin, age six, falls off his horse and is seized by the cougar. Mrs. Parolin, armed only with a riding crop, jumps off her horse and challenges the cougar, which drops the bleeding child and springs at her. Ordering her other children to take their wounded brother and go for help, Mrs. Parolin confronts the cougar alone. By the time rescuers reach her an hour later, she is dying. The cat, shot soon afterward, was a small one, little more than sixty pounds. Adult male cougars can weigh as much as 200 pounds, we learn the next day from the BC Environment’s pamphlet entitled “Safety Guide to Cougars.” We are on our way to Garibaldi Provincial Park, where we plan to do some hiking, and have stopped in the park head-quarters for information. “Most British Columbians live all their lives without a glimpse of a cougar, much less a confrontation with one,” says the pamphlet, noting that five people have been killed by cougars in British Columbia in the past hundred years. (Actually, the number is now higher; cougar attacks have become increasingly common in the western United States and Canada in recent years.) “Seeing a cougar should be an exciting and rewarding experience, with both you and the cougar coming away unharmed.”However, the pamphlet notes, cougars seem to be attracted to children as prey, possibly because of “their high-pitched voices, small size, and erratic movements.” When hiking, “make enough noise to prevent surprising a cougar . . . carry a sturdy walking stick to be used as a weapon if necessary,” and “keep children close-at-hand and under control.”


Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3291 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS HODGSON

In the past, the morphology of adult males of Coccoidea has provided strong support for diagnosing the higher taxonstatus of scale insects (Coccoidea). In particular, studies on adult male morphology have produced some of the stron-gest evidence for considering the Putoidae and Eriococcidae (as then defined) as separate families from the Pseudo-coccidae. This paper uses adult male morphology to assess the relationships of the Pseudococcidae and the hypogaeicand myrmecophilous mealybugs. The latter most often are classified as a subfamily (Rhizoecinae) of the Pseudococ-cidae. In order to diagnose the latter taxa, the adult males of fifteen named species of hypogaeic rhizoecine mealybugs(Kissrhizoecus hungaricus Kozár & Konczné Benedicty, Rhizoecus cacticans (Hambleton), Rh. coffeae Laing, Rh.dianthi Green, Rh. falcifer Künckel d’Herculais, Rh. kazachstanus Matesova, Ripersiella cryphia (Williams), Ri.hibisci (Kawai & Takagi), Ri. kondonis (Kuwana), Ri. malschae (Williams), Ri. puhiensis (Hambleton), Capitisetellamigrans (Green) and Pseudorhizoecus proximus Green) plus two unidentified Ripersiella species are described. Inaddition, the adult males of a Xenococcus sp., three Eumyrmococcus spp. and two Neochavesia spp. are illustratedfrom previously published papers and the adult male of another Neochavesia sp. is described and illustrated. In orderto compare the diagnoses of the above taxa with that of adult males of Pseudococcidae (minus the Rhizoecinae), theadult males of two apterous pseudococcid mealybugs are described or redescribed: Asaphococcus agninus Cox andthe myrmecophilous Promyrmococcus dilli Williams, both belonging to the Pseudococcinae. In addition, threemacropterous Pseudococcidae, namely Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Phenacoccinae), Planococcus glaucus(Maskell) and Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Pseudococcinae) are also described and/or illustrated. Prior to thisstudy, the hypogaeic and myrmecophilous mealybugs generally were included in the subfamily Rhizoecinae of thePseudococcidae, with the hypogaeic mealybugs in tribe Rhizoecini and the myrmecophilous mealybugs in Xenococ-cini. Based on the present study and on phylogenetic data, it is concluded that the rhizoecine mealybugs form a sepa-rate family from the Pseudococcidae — Rhizoecidae Williams. This family is considered here to include twosubfamilies, Rhizoecinae Williams and Xenococcinae Tang. Based on adult male characters, there is little support forthe present generic divisions of the Rhizoecinae. Keys are given for separating the adult males of Rhizoecidae from those of Pseudococcidae, and for separating the known adult males within each subfamily.


2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006051989323
Author(s):  
Guiyu Li ◽  
Jiyong Lin ◽  
Cen Jiang ◽  
Quansheng Feng ◽  
Li Wen

Objective Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a worldwide disease and the most common cause of liver cancer. This study aimed to identify specific areas of research activity concerning CHB treatment between 1973 and 2018 and to aid in identifying new areas for future development. Methods The literature was searched from the GoPubMed and Web of Science databases using terms related to CHB treatment, analyzed with bibliometric methods and visualized using VOSviewer. Results A total of 9486 and 5883 papers were collected from PubMed and Web of science, respectively. The studies focused on two clusters of topics: antiviral therapy for CHB and progressive diseases, and drug resistance. Studies related to antiviral drugs concentrated on lamivudine (n = 788), entecavir (n = 390), and adefovir dipivoxil (n = 376). Studies addressing conditions developing from CHB highlighted hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 403) and cirrhosis (n = 223). China (n = 1978) contributed the most publications. The 10 most quantitatively prolific organizations were in France. All 20 of the most cited papers investigated antiviral treatments for CHB or CHB-associated cirrhosis. Conclusions Research on CHB treatment over the past 45 years has concentrated on antiviral therapy, CHB-associated progressive conditions, drug resistance and immunization. Although work on CHB treatment has made considerable progress, new approaches must be explored.


Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1263 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS HODGSON ◽  
IMRE FOLDI

This paper outlines the history of the family name Margarodidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) and of the higher classification within Margarodidae sensu Morrison, and reviews the use of males in diagnosing the higher taxonomy within this group. An overview of the general morphology of adult males is provided as an introduction to the terms and structures used in the descriptive section that follows. The adult males of 31 species of Coccoidea are described, covering all the families in Margarodidae sensu Morrison plus some additional taxa which have either been included in Margarodidae sensu lato in the past or which show close affinities to it. Based on the structure of the adult males described here and also on an earlier cladistic analyses, these 31 taxa are divided into three groups: Ortheziidae (containing just ortheziids), a group here referred to as "margarodoid taxa" (which includes all the taxa in Margarodidae sensu Morrison (1928) except Steingelia; this group includes the following nine families: Matsucoccidae, Margarodidae, Xylococcidae; Stigmacoccidae fam. nov.; Kuwaniidae; Callipappidae; Marchalinidae; Monophlebidae and Coelostomidiidae); and a third group referred to here as "non-margarodoid taxa", which includes the remaining taxa considered in this paper (Steingelia, Stomacoccus, Phenacoleachia, Puto and Pityococcus). The present higher taxonomic status of each taxon is summarised in a Table and a key to identify each family based on adult male morphology is included; this key also diagnoses the above three groups based on adult male characters. Keys are also provided under each family to identify the species described herein.


2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa H. Bacon ◽  
Myron J. Levin ◽  
Jeffry J. Leary ◽  
Robert T. Sarisky ◽  
David Sutton

SUMMARY Acyclovir, penciclovir, and their prodrugs have been widely used during the past two decades for the treatment of herpesvirus infections. In spite of the distribution of over 2.3 × 106 kg of these nucleoside analogues, the prevalence of acyclovir resistance in herpes simplex virus isolates from immunocompetent hosts has remained stable at approximately 0.3%. In immuncompromised patients, in whom the risk for developing resistance is much greater, the prevalence of resistant virus has also remained stable but at a higher level, typically 4 to 7%. These observations are examined in the light of characteristics of the virus, the drugs, and host factors.


1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard M. Giambra

Using the Imaginal Processes Inventory, aspects of daydreaming and related mental activity were examined in a replication sample of males aged seventeen to ninety-one years. The characteristics of daydreaming obtained in an original sample were obtained in the replication sample thus supporting the outcomes reported earlier. Combining the original and replication sample allowed for some finer grained analyses and provided some tentative norms for the populations sampled. Some of the more salient outcomes were that with old age daydreaming does not increase or primarily focus on the past. Furthermore, at any age daydreaming does not concentrate on the weird, outlandish, and improbable. Factor analysis revealed a “Neurotic-Anxious Absorption in Daydreaming” factor inversely related to age. “Obsessional-Emotional Daydreaming,” “Personal Acceptance-Utilization of Daydreaming,” and “Imaginal-Emotional Intensity of Daydreaming” factors were also obtained and were unrelated to age.


2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Wolff ◽  
Jing Shi

Correctional facilities have a responsibility to take “reasonable measures” to preserve and protect inmate safety. The extent to which people inside prison feel safe from victimization is explored using a sample of approximately 7,000 adult male inmates housed in 13 prisons. The majority of male inmates reported no victimization in the past 6 months and that they felt safe, especially from sexual abuse and assault. Levels of feeling safe diminished for inmates who experienced victimization. Inmate perceptions of safety varied between facilities. Variation in perceptions of safety among harmful situations and between facilities provides useful information about inmate safety and ways to improve it (n = 104).


2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-Carlos Saiz ◽  
Miguel A. Martín-Acebes

ABSTRACT Zika virus (ZIKV), a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, was an almost neglected pathogen until its introduction in the Americas in 2015 and its subsequent explosive spread throughout the continent, where it has infected millions of people. The virus has caused social and sanitary alarm, mainly due to its association with severe neurological disorders (Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly in fetuses and newborns). Nowadays, no specific antiviral therapy against ZIKV is available. However, during the past months, a great effort has been made to search for antiviral candidates using different approaches and methodologies, ranging from testing specific compounds with known antiviral activity to the screening of libraries with hundreds of bioactive molecules. The identified antiviral candidates include drugs targeting viral components as well as cellular ones. Here, an updated review of what has been done in this line is presented.


1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Hirsch ◽  
Margaret Lowman ◽  
Roland Perry

A brief report of suicide statistics — completed suicides, attempts with lethal intent (a new category), and other attempts — is presented. The highest risk group in Halifax County is the male from late adolescence to early middle life. Statistics from Canada and Nova Scotia reveal a marked increase in the rate of completed suicides in the young adult male during the past twenty years. It is noteworthy that completed suicides and attempts with lethal intent frequently occur in persons with no clear evidence of significant depressive illness and that many patients with severe depressive illness are never seriously suicidal. Many persons and some families have a pattern of reacting to stress and/or psychiatric illness with suicidal behaviour. There is often little correlation between the seriousness of the stress and/ or illness and the seriousness, of the suicidal behaviour. Most suicide's were considered to be not preventable by ordinary techniques of management. Various patterns of behaviour relevant to preventability are described. A brief description of reactions of physicians and nurses to suicidal behaviour is given. There is a negative reaction of both groups to suicidal attempts which are not serious, particularly to repeaters; and this reaction is much stronger in nurses than in physicians. There is also a brief description of unusual complications of suicidal attempts and of the very high medical costs of caring for those who make attempts.


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