scholarly journals Denture marking as a forensic tool- Case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Surbhi Sharma ◽  
Reeta Jain ◽  
Shanta Chopra ◽  
Shaveta Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
Inclusion Method ◽  
Labeling Method ◽  
Sufficient Space

Forensic odontology is the branch that comes under forensic science which deals with proper handling, examination and evaluation of dental evidences. This manuscript describes various techniques that can be adopted for denture identification. The labeling method followed here is inclusion method where photographic sheet was used to mark dentures as this sheet is solvent resistant. The area selected for denture marking is palatal area on maxillary denture and distolingual flange of mandibular area as these areas have sufficient space for inclusion of details and there are not esthetically compromising areas. By this method denture labeling could be done in existing prosthetic devices or could be incorporated in newly constructed prosthesis. The American Board of Forensic Odontology guidelines indicate that most dental identifications are based on restorations, caries, missing teeth and/or prosthetic devices.

scholarly journals Founding Editorial – Forensics and TheScientificWorld

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 605-608
Author(s):  
Walter Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Forensic Toxicology ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
Scientific Application ◽  
Forensic Biology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Tool Mark ◽  
The World ◽  
Forensic Engineering

At the beginning of a new millennium it seems a good idea to stop for a moment and take stock of the current state of forensic science. As a field of scientific research and scientific application, forensic science is a little more than a century old. Forensic science may be said to have begun in 1887 with the simultaneous publication of A. Conan Doyle’s A Study in Scarlet and Hans Gross’s Handbuch für Untersuchungsrichter. Conan Doyle’s novel introduced to the world the character of Sherlock Holmes, whose literary career would popularize the use of physical evidence in criminal investigations. Gross’s manual for examining magistrates suggests ways in which the expertise of chemists, biologists, geologists, and other natural scientists could contribute to investigations. Gross’s book was translated into a number of languages and went through various updated editions during the course of the century. The intervening century saw the development and application of fingerprinting, firearm and tool mark identification, forensic chemistry, forensic biology, forensic toxicology, forensic odontology, forensic pathology, and forensic engineering. Increasingly, the judicial systems of the industrial nations of the world have come to rely upon the expertise of scientists in a variety of disciplines. In most advanced countries, virtually all criminal prosecutions now involve the presentation of scientific testimony. This has had the beneficial effect of diminishing the reliance of courts on eyewitness testimony and defendant confessions.

scholarly journals Familial Hypodontia: A Case Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-169
Author(s):  
S.P. Tangade ◽  
T.L. Ravishankar ◽  
M Batra ◽  
A.F. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Family Case ◽  
Congenitally Missing Teeth ◽  
Congenitally Missing

The phenomenon of congenitally missing teeth has been described with different names: hypodontia, oligodontia, anodontia, congenitally missing teeth and dental agenesis. The present paper reports familial hypodontia, involving two siblings from a single family. Case I reported the absence of 18, 12, 22 and 31 teeth whereas case II reported the absence of 31 and 41. On the evaluation of the two reported cases that were offspring of same parents and absence of any clinical features associated with any syndrome the final diagnosis of non- syndromic familial hypodontia was made. Both the cases presented agenesis of the teeth leading to malocclusion and aesthetic disturbances. Cases were offered a treatment of interdisciplinary dental approach.

Mini-Implants to Reconstruct Missing Teeth in Severe Ridge Deficiency and Small Interdental Space: A 5-Year Case Series

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziv Mazor ◽  
Marius Steigmann ◽  
Roy Leshem ◽  
Micahel Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Mini Implants

scholarly journals Orthodontic Intervention to Impacted and Transposed Lower Canines

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nihat Kılıç ◽  
Hüsamettin Oktay
Keyword(s):  
Female Patient ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Elastic Materials ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Sufficient Space

Impacted and transposed teeth cause serious difficulties in tooth eruption and movement as well as esthetic and functional outcomes. Proper treatment planning including good biomechanical control is essential in order to avoid side effects during traction and aligning of the impacted and/or transposed teeth. The purpose of the present study was to present a successfully treated female patient having transposed and impacted lower canines by means of a modified lingual arch and fixed orthodontic appliance. A female patient aged 13 years and 9 months presented to the orthodontic department with a chief compliant of bilateral spacing and missing teeth in mandibular dentition. After leveling and creating sufficient space in the mandibular arch for the canines, a modified lingual arch was cemented to the mandibular first molars. The lingual arch had two hooks extending to the distobuccal areas of the canine spaces. Elastic chains were applied between the hooks on the lingual arch and the ligatures tied to the attachments on the canine crowns. The light forces generated by elastic materials caused impacted canines to erupt and tend towards their own spaces in the dental arch. As a result, impacted and transposed lower canines were properly positioned in their spaces, and the treatment results were stable during the retention period.

scholarly journals Movement quality of conventional prostheses and the DEKA Arm during everyday tasks

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Cowley ◽  
Linda Resnik ◽  
Jason Wilken ◽  
Lisa Smurr Walters ◽  
Deanna Gates
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
Movement Quality ◽  
Prosthetic Limb ◽  
Upper Limb Prosthesis ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Joint Center

Background:Conventional prosthetic devices fail to restore the function and characteristic movement quality of the upper limb. The DEKA Arm is a new, advanced prosthesis featuring a compound, powered wrist and multiple grip configurations.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to determine if the DEKA Arm improved the movement quality of upper limb prosthesis users compared to conventional prostheses.Study design:Case series.Methods:Three people with transradial amputation completed tasks of daily life with their conventional prosthesis and with the DEKA Arm. A total of 10 healthy controls completed the same tasks. The trajectory of the wrist joint center was analyzed to determine how different prostheses affected movement duration, speed, smoothness, and curvature compared to patients’ own intact limbs and controls.Results:Movement quality decreased with the DEKA Arm for two participants, and increased for the third. Prosthesis users made slower, less smooth, more curved movements with the prosthetic limb compared to the intact limb and controls, particularly when grasping and manipulating objects.Conclusion:The effects of one month of training with the DEKA Arm on movement quality varied with participants’ skill and experience with conventional prostheses. Future studies should examine changes in movement quality after long-term use of advanced prostheses.Clinical relevanceMovement quality with the DEKA Arm may depend on the user’s previous experience with conventional prostheses. Quantitative analyses are needed to assess the efficacy of novel prosthetic devices and to better understand how to train people to use them effectively.

scholarly journals Shortcomings of human-in-the-loop optimization for an ankle-foot prosthesis: a case series

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara G. Welker ◽  
Alexandra S. Voloshina ◽  
Vincent L. Chiu ◽  
Steven H. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Control Architecture ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Loop Optimization ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Future Work

ABSTRACTHuman-in-the-loop optimization allows for individualized device control based on measured human performance. This technique has been used to produce large reductions in energy expenditure during walking with exoskeletons but has not yet been applied to prosthetic devices. In this series of case studies, we applied human-in-the-loop optimization to the control of an active ankle-foot prosthesis used by participants with unilateral transtibial amputation. We optimized the parameters of five control architectures that captured aspects of successful exoskeletons and commercial prostheses, but none resulted in significantly lower metabolic rate than generic control. In one control architecture, we increased the exposure time per condition by a factor of five, but the optimized controller still resulted in higher metabolic rate. Finally, we optimized for self-reported comfort instead of metabolic rate, but the resulting controller was not preferred. There are several reasons why human-in-the-loop optimization may have failed for people with amputation. Control architecture is an unlikely cause given the variety of controllers tested. The lack of effect likely relates to adaptation protocol or differences in the learning mechanisms or objectives of people with amputation. Future work should investigate these causes to determine whether human-in-the-loop optimization for prostheses could be successful.

scholarly journals An Overview of Three Dimensional (3D) Technologies in Forensic Odontology

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Gargi Jani ◽  
Wenona Star Lavin ◽  
Suresh Ludhwani ◽  
Abraham Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Forensic Archaeology ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Printing Techniques

Three-dimensional (3D) modalities are frequently applied in forensic practice as it tends to give complete information of the evidence merely by touching which has resulted in increased usage in legal medicine and forensic sciences. A number of sub-disciplines of forensic science utilises 3D modalities in an inter-disciplinary manner viz. forensic anthropology, forensic archaeology, forensic odontology, crime-scene investigation, pattern analysis and recovery, courtroom visualisation and ballistic comparison. With appropriate knowledge and utilisation of 3D scanning, modelling and printing technologies, innovative approaches can be implemented for identification in forensic cases. Given that these technologies are evolving rapidly and changing the face of forensic science, the present article collates current developments, working and applications of non-contact scanning techniques, modeling and 3D printing techniques.

Sem/X-Ray Applications to the Forensic Science Field

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 390-391
Author(s):  
K. Culbreth
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Surface Phenomena ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Science Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hit And Run ◽  
Evaluation Of Evidence ◽  
Scanning Electron

The introduction of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis to forensic science has provided additional methods by which investigative evidence can be analyzed. The importance of evidence from the scene of a crime or from the personal belongings of a victim and suspect has resulted in the development and evaluation of SEM/x-ray analysis applications to various types of forensic evidence. The intent of this paper is to describe some of these applications and to relate their importance to the investigation of criminal cases.The depth of field and high resolution of the SEM are an asset to the evaluation of evidence with respect to surface phenomena and physical matches (1). Fig. 1 shows a Phillips screw which has been reconstructed after the head and shank were separated during a hit-and-run accident.

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