scholarly journals Congenital pulmonary hernia secondary to absence of ribs

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Sujoy Neogi ◽  
Arka Banerjee ◽  
Shasanka S Panda ◽  
Simmi K Ratan
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Clinical Scenario ◽  
Recurrent Pneumonia ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Lung Herniation ◽  
Lung Hernia ◽  
History Of

Congenital lung hernia is extremely rare with less than 50 reported cases.We report two cases of lung hernia, secondary to congenital absence of ribs – A 4‐year‐old girl without any antecedent history of chronic cough or chest trauma presenting with a left lower lobe hernia secondary to an absent left 9th rib; a 7 month‐old girl with recurrent pneumonia presenting with severe respiratory distress, fever and severe malnourishment, found to have absent 6th-9th ribs on right side with associated liver and lung herniation. The older girl has been kept on observation without surgery but the infant expired within 48 hours of admission due to respiratory failure. The clinical scenario is a rarity and can be managed conservatively in most cases. Surgical treatment should be considered in symptomatic patients and in those with severe complications. Repair for cosmetic reasons is sometimes justified.

Primary Lung Hernia After Blunt Chest Trauma: Chest Wall Repair Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110234
Author(s):  
Leonid A. Belyayev ◽  
William J. Parker ◽  
Emad S. Madha ◽  
Elliot M. Jessie ◽  
Matthew J. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Blunt Chest Trauma ◽  
Thoracic Trauma ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Blunt Thoracic Trauma ◽  
Lung Herniation ◽  
Lung Hernia

Lung herniation is a rare pathology seen after trauma. A case of acquired lung hernia is presented after blunt thoracic trauma that was repaired primarily. Surgical management and decision-making for this process are discussed.

A 33-year-old man with a history of recurrent pneumonia presenting with hypoxemic respiratory failure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Eddens ◽  
Sara Van Meerbeke ◽  
Michael Zhang ◽  
Andrej Petrov ◽  
Merritt L. Fajt
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Recurrent Pneumonia ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intermittent Asthma ◽  
Immunoglobulin Levels ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndromes

The patient was a 33-year-old man with a history of recurrent pneumonia, autism, bipolar disorder, hypothyroidism, intermittent asthma, and nonischemic cardiomyopathy attributed to cocaine use who was admitted with hypoxemic respiratory distress with bilateral infiltrates seen on a chest radiograph. He was treated for community-acquired pneumonia but progressed to respiratory failure that required intubation and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. His medical history was notable for short stature, abnormal facial features, and, since childhood, at least two pneumonias per year that required antibiotics. The initial evaluation for an underlying primary immunodeficiency found that the patient had normal quantitative immunoglobulin levels, with absent CD19+ B cells. This case highlighted the evaluation of the humoral immune system for hospitalized adultpatients with recurrent infections as well as the use of genetic testing to diagnose rare immunodeficiency syndromes.

scholarly journals Mediastinal teratoma in a neonate with acute respiratory failure

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Jarun Sayasathid ◽  
Naraporn Somboonna ◽  
Siraphop Thapmaogkol ◽  
Yuthapong Buddharadsa ◽  
Kanchapan Sukonpan
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Mediastinal Teratoma

Abstract Background: While teratomas account for the leading cause of germ cell tumors, the mediastinal teratomas represent one of the infrequent types of congenital germ cell tumors. Neonates with large mediastinal teratomas generally show severe respiratory distress, and the immediate surgical treatment is needed to alleviate their problems. Objectives: Report clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment option, and outcomes after the treatment for a neonate with a large mediastinal teratoma. Methods: A 2-day-old female infant presented with acute respiratory failure diagnosed as mediastinal teratoma. It was followed with surgical treatment. The removed tissues were examined pathologically. Results: The girl suffered an acute respiratory failure two days after birth. The chest radiography, echocardiography, and chest computerized tomography results showed the considerable size of the mediastinal teratoma. A median sternotomy was performed on the third day of infant life to remove the tumor without rupturing the capsule. Pathological diagnosis was germ cell tumor. Clinical follow-ups reported no complication. Conclusion: The successful management of a neonate with large mediastinal teratomas was presented. Immediate detection and proper treatment of the large mediastinal teratoma in a neonate was most important to decrease the morbidity and mortality of the infant.

scholarly journals P039 INTERCOSTAL HERNIA FOLLOWING DIEP RECONSTRUCTION: A CASE PRESENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Robinson ◽  
John Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Bilateral Mastectomy ◽  
Lung Herniation ◽  
Intercostal Hernia ◽  
Lung Hernia ◽  
History Of

Abstract Aim Intercostal lung herniation is a rare clinical condition defined as the protrusion of lung parenchyma beyond the anatomic boundaries of the thoracic wall. Acquired lung hernias are typically occur secondary to trauma or are associated with severe pulmonary disease. We present a case of lung herniation following DIEP breast reconstruction which is the first reported case to date. Material and Methods 40-year-old woman with a history of bilateral mastectomy for breast cancer and subsequent delayed, bilateral DIEP breast reconstruction. She returned to the emergency department four days after her reconstruction with chest pain, shortness of breath and swelling of her chest. CT angiography of her chest demonstrated a focal protrusion of her right lung into her anterior chest wall (Figure 1). Thoracic surgery was consulted for repair which was achieved with a patch technique using Allomax dermal matrix. Results We describe the first reported intercostal lung hernia following DIEP breast reconstruction reported in scientific literature. Our patient had no history of trauma, thoracic surgery or pulmonary disease which are considered the greatest risk factors for acquired intercostal lung herniation. Much like abdominal wall hernias, protrusion of tissue through a small defect places tissue at risk for ischemia. Early recognition is thus essential to avoid tissue loss. Conclusions Intercostal lung hernia is an uncommon clinical entity that has not previously been described as a complication of DIEP breast reconstruction. Its development is associated with significant morbidity including flap loss in this case. Early recognition of this rare complication is essential to avoid more severe sequelae of tissue ischemia.

scholarly journals THU0597 CORNEAL MELT - DON’T ALWAYS BLAME RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 540.3-540
Author(s):  
A. Munir ◽  
C. Sheehy
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Renal Biopsy ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Poor Visual Outcome ◽  
Methyl Prednisolone ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function

Background:Corneal melt is a rare inflammatory disease of the peripheral cornea; it may lead to perforation of the globe and visual failure. Corneal melt can be a manifestation of systemic vasculitis in patients with RA and other conditions, such as cancer. Without early and aggressive treatment it may be associated with a poor visual outcome and a high mortality. It has been reported in patients with stable RA.Objectives:A case report in a patient with long standing but well controlled Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and metastatic disease.Methods:A 75 year old male with a background of sero positive Rheumatoid Arthritis for more than 10 years presented to the Eye Casualty with a two week history of a painful left red eye. His other medical history was significant for Stage IIB poorly differentiated cancer of the left lower lobe. Left lower lobectomy with a patch of diaphragm resected. Intratumoural lymphovascular invasion noted. He completed Adjuvant Carboplatin/Vinorelbine chemotherapy September, 2017. He had DVT proximal left leg 22ndof September, 2017. Follow up CT in 2018 demonstrated a right renal upper pole lesion for which he was awaiting biopsy with?metastatic lung disease vs primary renal carcinoma. His RA was well controlled on Methotrexate 10mg weekly. He had been treated by the ophthalmology team for left marginal Keratitis for the prior 2 months with steroid eye drops without significant improvement. On presentation to ED, he described sharp eye pain, waking him from the sleep, associated with watery discharge and photophobia. Examination showed corneal melt in left eye involving 25% of inferior portion of the cornea and spastic entropion with injecting eye lashes. He had no active joints and there were no other signs of vasculitis. CRP was 4.1. He had a negative ANA and ANCA; viral swabs were negative. He was admitted under the medical team. Intravenous Methyl Prednisolone was started. The patient felt better after 5 days of Methyl Prednisolone. Left temporary tarsorrhaphy was done by Ophthalmology. Cyclophosphamide was initiated after discussion with Oncologist pending the result of the renal biopsy. Patient was discharged after 5 days of admission in the hospitalResults:The renal biopsy was positive for metastatic Squamous cell carcinoma of lung. Cyclophosphamide was withdrawn and he was started on Carboplatin/Gemcitabine. The corneal melt improved with complete resolution of his visual symptoms.Conclusion:In this case, although the history of RA was felt by the ophthalmology team to be the most likely association with the corneal melt, we would argue the oncological diagnoses were likely the driving force behind the presentation.References:[1]Sule A, Balakrishnan C, Gaitonde S, Mittal G, Pathan E, Gokhale NS, et al. Rheumatoid corneal melt. Rheumatology (Oxford)2002;41:705–6.[2]S. Yano, K. Kondo, M. Yamaguchi et al., “Distribution and function of EGFR in human tissue and the effect of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition,” Anticancer Research, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 3639–3650, 2003.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Asymptomatic mediastinal extra-adrenal paraganglioma as a cause of sudden death: a case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 564-567
Author(s):  
Qiancheng Xu ◽  
Yingya Cao ◽  
Hongzhen Yin ◽  
Rongrong Wu ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Severe Hypotension ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Posterior Mediastinal ◽  
Extra Adrenal Paraganglioma

AbstractA 23-year-old female patient was referred for treatment of a posterior mediastinal tumour. There was no history of hypertension or headache and no other complaints. The patient’s blood pressure increased to 210/125 mmHg after surgically manipulating the tumour, subsequently reversing to severe hypotension (25/15 mmHg) immediately after the tumour was removed. The life-threatening and irreversible blood pressure drop was difficult to treat with fluid and vasopressors, and the patient ultimately died of cardio-respiratory failure. Asymptomatic paraganglioma can be non-functional but can also be fatal. For any lump in the thoracic cavity, paraganglioma should be ruled out.

Subvalvular mitral aneurysm a rare pathology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Odete R. Mingas ◽  
Ondina Fortunato ◽  
Sebastiana Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Aneurysm ◽  
Ventricular Aneurysm ◽  
African Child ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Arrest ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
History Of

Abstract We present a rare and challenging case of left ventricular aneurysm in an African child with no history of previous infection or trauma, admitted for surgical treatment, who presented non reversible cardiorespiratory arrest with cardiorespiratory resuscitation before surgery.

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