scholarly journals Comparative assessment of serum levels of vitamin d3 in chronic generalised periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in simple gingivitis patients - A clinico-bio chemical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Gonabhavi Siri Chandana ◽  
Ramesh Amirisetty ◽  
Neelam Manojvaibhav ◽  
Ramesh Nichenametla ◽  
Shanti Prathyusham ◽  
...  

The role of vitamin D was well established in bone metabolism as well as in the inflammatory process of a disease. The periodontal disease which is a chronic inflammatory condition with destructive bone metabolism and type II diabetes mellitus which is a metabolic condition with more prone to inflammatory reactions are prevalent in middle-aged patients. Hence the present study is done to assess the vitamin D levels in serum of chronic generalized periodontitis patients with type2 Diabetes mellitus and simple gingivitis patients  Two groups with 50 patients of both periodontal disease with type 2 diabetes and 50 simple gingivitis patients of age 35 to 55 years old were recruited in this study. For all the patient's serum 25(OH)D levels, oral hygiene index (OHI), Russel’s periodontal index, and presence of bony defects in radiographs were assessed.After assessment of all the parameters patients with periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus showed significantly higher proportion levels than the simple gingivitis patients and significantly lower levels in 25(OH)D (<From the results, it was concluded that generalized periodontitis patients with type II diabetes mellitus showed higher levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels than simple gingivitis patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ajai Agrawal ◽  
Shubham Ahuja ◽  
Anupam Singh ◽  
Ramanuj Samanta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Mittal

Introduction: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of developing primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) as compared to non-diabetic patients. Objectives: To determine whether there is a correlation between hyperglycemic levels and intraocular pressure (IOP) and to identify patients of Type II diabetes mellitus who are at a higher risk of developing glaucoma. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based, cross sectional study performed on patients with type II diabetes mellitus, at a tertiary health care center in Uttarakhand, India between July, 2018 and September, 2018. 318 eyes of 159 patients with Type2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study. IOP was measured by Goldmannappla nation to no meter and central corneal thickness was measured with specula microscope in all patients, in addition to glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) and fasting and post-prandial blood glucose levels. The data was analysed using SPSS 22 software. Results: Mean IOP was found to be 15.75 ± 3.18 mm Hg in patients with HbA1c levels between 6.5%-12% (Group I) and 17.42 ± 2.67 mm Hg in patients with HbA1c levels more than 12 % (Group II). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P =0.013). Out of 159 patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, a total of 11 patients had IOP more than 21mm Hg in one or both the eyes. Conclusion: Hyperglycaemic levels as determined by raised HbA1c levels are associated with higher intraocular pressures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S180-S181
Author(s):  
Morgan Birabaharan ◽  
Andrew Strunk ◽  
Amit Garg ◽  
Stefan Hagmann

Abstract Background An aging HIV-infected population has growing recognition for its increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Most studies of T2DM prevalence among patients living with HIV involve selected samples and/or small cohorts which limit generalizability. We sought to evaluate the overall prevalence of T2DM among patients living with HIV in the United States as well as within specific demographic subgroups. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed using a large, multi-institutional database (Explorys), where clinical information across 27 healthcare networks are matched and standardized to create longitudinal records for each unique patient. At present, the database contains 63 million unique lives, representing 18% of the population across all 4 census regions of the United States. Patients with all types of insurance as well as those who are self-pay are represented. The analysis included adult patients with an active status in the database during April 2014- April 2019 who, not missing data on age, gender, race, and body mass index. The Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine—Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) of “Human Immunodeficiency Virus,” “diabetes mellitus type 2,” “disorder due to type 2 diabetes mellitus,” and “Type II diabetes mellitus uncontrolled” were used to identify patients with HIV and T2DM. Results We identified 90,900 patients with HIV. The overall prevalence of T2DM among patients with HIV was 22.1% (20,080/90,900) compared with 14.9% (2,679,490/17,946,580) in the general population. In subgroup analysis, the prevalence of T2DM was highest among patients with HIV who were female, older, other race, obese, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, smokers, alcoholics, and those with a history of hepatitis C infection. Patients with no exposure to antiretroviral therapy (ART) had higher prevalence of T2DM than those with exposure (24.9% vs. 17.6%). Conclusion In this US population-based study, we found 1 in 5 people living with HIV had prevalent T2DM. In addition, we observed that HIV-associated T2DM may not depend on chronic ART exposure. Physicians caring for patients with HIV should be aware of the association and should monitor for signs and symptoms of T2DM. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Sukma Puji Rahayu ◽  
Tri Cahyo Sepdianto ◽  
Arif Mulyadi

Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus was the most common autonomic neuropathyresulted in sexual dysfunction. The aim of research was to described the sexual dysfunction in patientswith type 2 diabetes mellitus at Poli Penyakit Dalam Mardi Waluyo Hospital Blitar. The researchmethod used descriptive design. The population in this study were patients with type 2 diabetes mellituswho visited in poli penyakit dalam in Mardi Waluyo Hospital Blitar in April as many as 856 people, anda sample of 86 people were taken using purposive sampling technique. Collecting data used the FSFIquestionnaire for womens and IIEF for mens. These results indicate that the majority of patients withtype 2 diabetes mellitus sexual dysfunction. In patients 75% of women experience sexual dysfunction. At74% of men with erectile dysfunction, 88% experienced orgasm dysfunction, 85% experienced sexualdesire dysfunction, 86% experienced a satisfying sexual dysfunction, 89% overall satisfaction dysfunction.The suggestion in this research was expected FSFI and IIEF questionnaire could be used as a toolto monitor the presence of sexual dysfunction in Blitar.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Sachinkumar K Khade ◽  
Sudeep Kumar ◽  
Digvijay S. Hodgar

Background: Diabetes is the commonest metabolic disorder affecting the people all over the world. Objective of the study was to identify the diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient to recognize the early involvement of heart.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in tertiary care hospital cases of type II diabetes mellitus coming to our hospital and giving informed consent. Period of study was from September 2016 to February 2018. Consecutive type of non-probability sampling was used for the selection of study subjects. A total of 54 diagnosed patients of type II diabetes mellitus coming to our hospital and giving informed consent were included in the study.Results: Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was observed to be 44.4% in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus without cardiac manifestations. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was seen in 47.4% males in comparison to 42.9% females. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was 11.1%, 77.3% and 80% in cases with disease duration of 0-5 years, 6-10 years and more than 10 years respectively. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was more in cases with poor glycaemic control i.e. hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value >8% as compared to cases with good glycemic control.Conclusions: There was an association between the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction with the increasing age. We had higher percentage of patients with diastolic dysfunction as duration of diabetes increased. Diastolic dysfunction was seen in 55.2% patients receiving oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) as compared to 23.5% patients who were on insulin and 50% patients who were on both insulin and OHAs.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1428
Author(s):  
Vijayalakshmi Chikkamath ◽  
Arathi Darshan ◽  
Jayaprakash S. Appajigol ◽  
Naveen Angadi ◽  
Abhishek T. G.

Background: Diabetes increases the morbidity and mortality due to its propensity to develop micro and macrovascular complications. Recently the role of haemostatic factors, particularly fibrinogen, in atherosclerosis and its complications has invited considerable attention. The present study was conducted to study plasma fibrinogen levels in type II diabetes mellitus patients with microvascular complications.Methods: One hundred patients aged 18years to 60years with type 2 diabetes mellitus with microvascular complications were included in the study. HBA1c, plasma fibrinogen, urine routine examination, fundoscopy, monofilament testing, FBS, PPBS were done. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse data.Results: Out of 100 diabetes patients with microvascular complication studies, 88 patients were found to have hyperfibrinogenaemia. Out of 100 patients 67 patients had HbA1c of more than 8%, and all of them had elevated fibrinogen levels (p <0.0001). The prevalence of hyperfibrinogenemia was higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy (90%), when compared to those without diabetic retinopathy (83.33%) although it was statistically not significant (p=0.266).Conclusions: Hyperfibrinogenemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microvascular complications was high. Glycaemic control has a significant impact on the fibrinogen levels. Longer the duration of diabetes, there was a higher prevalence of hyperfibrinogenemia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
A. Kondratenko

Today, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered to be the most important nosological cause of decreased cognitive functions. A number of studies have found that hyperglycemia and duration of diabetes are associated with cognitive deficits, with the prevalence of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus being 20% in men and 18% in women over 60 years of age. To achieve this goal, it was conducted a comprehensive clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic examination of 82 patients with moderate type 2 diabetes mellitus (46 women and 36 men) aged 35.9±10.1 years in accordance with the principles of bioethics and deontology. The mean duration of diabetes was 7.9±5.2 years. The severity of diabetes in most cases was defined as moderate (84.1%), and in 15.9% of cases corresponded to severe. 30.2% of patients used insulin as a basic hypoglycemic therapy, 69.8% - tablets. According to the analysis of the emotional state of patients with T2DM were characterized by complaints of low, depressed mood (69.5% of examined patients), uncontrolled emotional reactions (46.2%), feelings of anxiety, constant internal tension (44.7%), paresthesias (29.1%), sleep-wake cycle disorders (56.2%), general weakness, lethargy and fatigue (58.2%), fatigue (90.0%), frequent mood swings, with a predominance of decreased mood background (23.3%), emotional lability with excessive vulnerability and sensitivity (16.6%), irritability (16.6%). The clinical and psychopathological structure of emotional disorders is represented by anxious (43.4%), depressive (26.6%), astheno-hypochondriac (19.8%), hysteroform (10.2%) syndromes. Clinical examination of patients with DM showed that more often (in 95.0% of cases) in patients with T2DM there is a decrease in memory of auditory and visual modality, impaired intellectual abilities, slow thinking, lack of attention and information processing.


2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Misbakhul Munir ◽  
Ari Sutjahjo ◽  
Florentina Sustini

Obesity, especially central obesity is often associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the number six cause of death in Indonesia with the proportion of deaths by 5.8%. The purpose of this study was to identify central obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Poly Endocrine Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. The study design was descriptive study. The sample was 100 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients taken with purposive sampling technique. The variable was central obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The data obtained by interviewing patients and performing measurements on body weight, height and waist circumference. Data were analyzed by interpreting how the description of the variables studied and compared with other studies and theories. The results was the characteristics of patients most were female (66%), level of education was medium, unemployment, most of patient’s age was more than 50 years old, 43% for interval 51-60 years old, 43% were 1,50-1,59 meters in height and 28% were 50-59 kilograms and 28% were 60-69 kilograms in weight. According to Body Mass Index (BMI) measure that 54% the patients are normal in average 25,56 8,12 kg/m2. Measurement of waist circumference showed that 73.5% male and 81.8% female patients had central obesity. The conclusions, precentage of patients with type II diabetes mellitus who have central obesity were 81,82% female and 73, 53% male.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Toni Prasetia ◽  
Firhat Esfandiari ◽  
Sandhy Arya Pratama ◽  
Mohamad Imam Istawa

ABSTRACT: CORRELATION OF SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE WITH TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN ARAFAH CLINIC, CENTRAL LAMPUNGBackground: Hypertension is the main risk factor for DM. Hypertension can make cells insensitive to insulin. Even though insulin plays a role in increasing glucose uptake in many cells and in this way also regulates carbohydrate metabolism, so that if insulin resistance occurs by cells, the blood sugar levels can also be disrupted. Dyslipidemia is a change in blood lipid profile, one of which is an increase in triglyceride levels. High triglyceride levels can cause thickening of the blood vessels and cause narrowing of the arteries.Objective: To determine the relationship between systolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Klniki Arafah Tengah Lampung.Methodology: This research uses a descriptive-analytic research method with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is Total Sampling. . Respondents in this study were patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Arafah Clinic in Central Lampung in 2020.Results: It is known that in the sex frequency distribution, there were 16 men with 34.8% and 30 women with 65.2%. Distribution of frequency based on age, it was found that the age group 24-45 years numbered 7 patients (15.2%), the age group 46-65 years amounted to 32 patients (69.6%), and the group> 65 years amounted to 7 patients (15.2 %). It is known that the frequency distribution of systolic blood pressure in type II diabetes mellitus patients, it was found that type II diabetes mellitus patients with normal systolic blood pressure levels were 34 patients with 73.9%, while high systolic blood pressure levels were 12 patients with 26.1%. It is known that the frequency distribution of triglyceride levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus, it was found that 8 patients with normal triglycerides had normal triglyceride levels, and 38 patients (82.6%) had high triglyceride levels. The results of the chi-square statistical test found no relationship with the results of p = 898 (p> 0.05).Conclusion: There is no correlation between systolic blood pressure and cholesterol triglycerides in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Arafah Clinic, Central Lampung in 2020.                 Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Systolic Blood Pressure Triglierida INTISARI: HUBUNGAN TEKANAN DARAH SISTOLIK DENGAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI KLINIK ARAFAH LAMPUNG TENGAHLatar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko untama untuk terjadinya DM. Hipertensi dapat membuat sel tidak sensitif terhadap insulin. Padahal insulin berperan meningkatkan ambilan glukosa di banyak sel dan dengan cara ini juga mengatur metabolisme karbohidrat, sehingga jika terjadi resistensi insulin oleh sel, maka kadar gula di dalam darah juga dapat mengalami gangguan. Dislipidemia adalah perubahan dari profil lipid darah salah satunya adalah peningkatan kadar trigliserida. Kadar trigliserida yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan penebalan pembuluh darah dan menyebabkan penyempitan pembuluh darahTujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan tekanan darah sistolik dengan kadar trigliserida pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di klniki arafah lampung tengahMetode : Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross – sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel berupa Total Sampling. . Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah tahun 2020.Hasil : pada variabel trigliserida dan tekanan darah sistolik diperoleh nilai p Vale = 898 (p>0,05)Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat Hubungan Antara Tekanan Darah Sistolik dengan Trigliserida Kolesterol pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah tahun 2020.Kata Kunci     : Diabetes Melitus tipe 2, Tekanan Darah Sistolil Triglierid


2021 ◽  
pp. 108-109
Author(s):  
Ranjan Mallick ◽  
Shyam Sunder Hembram ◽  
Ram Chandra Bhadra Chandra Bhadra

Type II Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases with innumerable & potentially life threatening complications. In 2017, approximately 462 million individuals were affected by type 2 diabetes corresponding to 6.28% of the world's population (4.4% of those aged 15-49 years, 15% of those aged 50-69, and 22% of those aged 70+), or a prevalence rate of 6059 cases per 100,000. Over 1 million deaths per year can be attributed to diabetes alone, making it the ninth leading cause of mortality. The burden of diabetes mellitus is rising globally, and at a much faster rate in developed regions, such as Western Europe. The gender distribution is equal, and the incidence peaks at around 55 years of age. Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is projected to increase to 7079 individuals per 100,000 by 2030, reecting a continued rise across all regions of the world.[¹] . Two of the common complications due to acute hyperglycaemia are Diabetic Ketocidosis & Non ketotic hyperosmolar coma which are considered a spectrum of the same complication due to low circulating levels of insulin leading to impaired glucose metabolism by insulin dependant tissues with rising levels of anti-insulin hormones like glucagon, cortisol & catecholamines due to intracellular starvation resulting in hypergylcemia & fatty acid breakdown & ketonemia. Amongst the numerous complications of Type II Diabetes Mellitus, here we present a rare complication of acute hyperglycaemia and its radiological picture in the central nervous system. A 56 year old female patient with a history of Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension under long term medication came for a private consultation with a complaint of Right sided involuntary, random, irregular, inging and ailing, rapid, non-patterned movements for past 7 days. The patient was advised for an urgent MRI of Brain which demonstrated high T1 signal & low T2/FLAIR intensity with no diffusion restriction of DWI & ADC map in left sided putamen & head of caudate nucleus. We illustrated a rare classical nding of acute hyperglycemic effect on brain in a case of long standing Type II Diabetes Mellitus despite being on medications


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Hridaya Parajuli ◽  
Jyotsna Shakya ◽  
Bashu Dev Pardhe ◽  
Puspa Raj Khanal ◽  
Narayan Prasad Parajuli ◽  
...  

Background: Hyperuricemia is associated with type 2 diabetes, which is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies resulting from defects in insulin action. The present study wascarried out to look for any association between uric acid and Type II Diabetes Mellitus and also status of triacylglycerol level among those patients.Methods: The blood samples were collected 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic individuals in the department of biochemistry and then analyzed for estimation of blood glucose, Uric Acid and Triacylglycerol level.Results: The average level of serum uric acid in diabetic patients was higher (5.706±1.617) in comparison to non diabetic subjects (4.322±0.784) with statistically significant difference (p≤0.05). For female the result indicate there was a positive correlation between (FBS and triglycerides) and (triglycerides and uric acids) which was statistically significant (r =-0.465, n = 41, p = 0.002) and(r =-0.370, n = 41, p = 0.017) respectively.Conclusions: This study documents that hyperuricemia is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the serum triacylglycerol and serum uric acid is also found to be associated risk factors for diabetic complications. Hence, timely diagnosis and management of diabetes is vital to control the complications related to diabetes.Ann. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2016:2(1); 26-34


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