Co-morbidities: Prevalence and evaluation of risk with COVID-19 (SARS CoV2) infection: A retrospective study

: Cases of COVID 19 is a challenge for clinicians to evaluate the effect of SARS CoV2 on patients has preexisting medical illness. To assess the potential effect and incidence of COVID 19 with comorbidity. 680 COVID-19 positive cases were included. This research was limited to the admitted patients from October 2020 to February 2021. Applicable data were collected from patient’s files, reviewed and included based on the applicability to the topic. As of October, 2020, our institute had 954 suspected cases of COVID-19 infection. Out of these 680 patients were positive and rests were negative. We obtained data from the hospital records which provided information regarding the age, gender, chief complaints, co-morbidity and its type, positive /negative status and outcomes (Recovered/death). We divided the patients into three groups; (1) had no co-morbidity; (2) had one co-morbidity (3) had two or more co-morbidity and compared their outcomes (Recovery/Death/admitted). We also compared the outcomes of patients those had more than two co-morbidities. clinical data and co-morbidities were examined with SPSS Statistics, Version 23. Most patients were male (76.21%) with commonest complain of difficulty in breathing (46.03%). Among total cases, no co-morbidity was noted in 402 (59.11%) patients, one co-morbidity in 205(30.15%) and more than one co-morbidity in 73 (10.74%) patients. Higher death rate was noted in positive patients with two or more co-morbidities (35.62%). Diabetes and hypertension were the common observed illness with higher death rate in COPD and HTN with CAD (75.00%) patients. Result of this study suggests a strong clinical relationship between COVID-19 and co-morbidities. Patients with pre-existing medical sickness with COVID 19 is a challenge to the physicians as it yielded poorer clinical outcomes. So, the physicians need to be prepared to reorganize their consultative practices during this pandemic period.

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Adenomyosis: correlating clinical suspicion with histopathological diagnosis in a retrospective study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20195206 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 4674

Author(s):

Preet Kamal ◽

Ripan Bala ◽

Madhu Nagpal ◽

Harleen Kaur

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Common Causes ◽

Chief Complaints ◽

The Common ◽

Chronic Cervicitis

Background: Adenomyosis and leiomyoma are the common causes of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). In this study it is aimed to evaluate the correlation of clinical and histopathological examination (HPE) of these entities leading to abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on hysterectomy specimens of subjects who presented themselves in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of medical sciences and research, Amritsar with chief complaints of AUB not responding to conservative treatment.Results: A total of 100 women with clinical diagnosis of AUB in which hysterectomies were performed, leiomyoma was found in 42% cases, adenomyosis in 22% cases. The most frequent combination of diagnosis was leiomyoma and adenomyosis i.e. 26%. In 9% cases chronic cervicitis and ovarian cyst were detected. In one case endometrial malignancy was found.Conclusions: Though adenomyosis and leiomyoma are clinically diagnosed along with other pathological conditions of the reproductive organs but their confirmation is still to be relied upon HPE; a most important investigation.

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Anticholinergic Burden among Hospitalised Older Adults with Psychiatric Illnesses- A retrospective study

Current Drug Safety ◽

10.2174/1574886315666201026123655 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Shiva Shanker Reddy Mukku ◽

Preeti Sinha ◽

Palanimuthu Thangaraju Sivakumar ◽

Mathew Varghese

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Psychotropic Drugs ◽

Inpatient Care ◽

Medical Illness ◽

Anticholinergic Effects ◽

Psychiatric Illnesses ◽

Anticholinergic Burden ◽

Number Of Males

Background: Drugs with anticholinergic properties are known to be associated with deleterious effects on cognition in older adults. There is a paucity of literature in this aspect in older adults with psychiatric disorders. Objective: To examine the anticholinergic cognitive burden and its predictors in hospitalised older adults having psychiatric disorders. Methods: Case records of older adults who sought inpatient care under the Geriatric Psychiatry Unit from January, 2019 to June, 2019 were reviewed. The anticholinergic burden was assessed with Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) scale updated version, 2012. Results: Sample included 129 older adults with an almost equal number of males (53.48%) and females (46.52%) having a mean age of 67.84 (SD = 6.96) years. The diagnostic spectrum included depression (34.89%), dementia (31.01%), mania (10.85%), psychosis (13.95%), delirium (6.20%) and others (3.1%). 60.47% of the patients had more than one medical illness. 48.84% of the older adults had clinically relevant anticholinergic cognitive burden ( ACB score ≥ 3). Use of 3 or more psychotropic drugs (OR = 4.88), diagnosis of psychosis/ mania (OR = 7.62) and dementia/ delirium (neurocognitive disorders group) (OR = 5.17) increased the risk of ACB score ≥ 3. Conclusion: Nearly half of the older adults in psychiatry in-patient setting had clinically relevant anticholinergic burden, which was associated with higher use of psychotropics. Our study highlights the importance of monitoring for anticholinergic effects of psychotropics in older adults.

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Injured recipients of low‐titer group O whole blood have similar clinical outcomes compared to recipients of conventional component therapy: A single‐center, retrospective study

Transfusion ◽

10.1111/trf.16390 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mark H. Yazer ◽

Andrew Freeman ◽

Ian M. Harrold ◽

Vincent Anto ◽

Matthew D. Neal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Single Center ◽

Titer Group

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Risk factors and clinical outcomes of acute coronary syndrome in men: A retrospective study

Indian Heart Journal ◽

10.1016/j.ihj.2020.11.024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

pp. S5

Author(s):

Shahood Ajaz Kakroo ◽

Kala Jeethender Kumar ◽

O. Sai Satish ◽

M. Jyotsna ◽

B. Srinivas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Coronary Syndrome

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223 Racial differences in outcomes for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients managed on immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer ◽

10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0223 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A242-A242

Author(s):

T Anders Olsen ◽

Dylan Martini ◽

Subir Goyal ◽

Yuan Liu ◽

Sean Evans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

African American ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Immune Checkpoint ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Emory University ◽

Caucasian Patients

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have increased in prevalence for the treatment of metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) in recent years given their efficacy and favorable toxicity profile. However, there has been insufficient investigation in the literature of how clinical outcomes differ on the basis of race. In this paper, we investigated differences in clinical outcomes between African American (AA) and Caucasian mRCC patients treated with ICI therapy.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of 198 patients with mRCC who received ICI at the Emory Winship Cancer Institute from 2015–2020. Clinical outcomes were measured by overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and clinical benefit (CB). OS and PFS were calculated from ICI-initiation to date of death and radiographic or clinical progression, respectively. CB was defined as a best radiographic response of complete response, partial response, or stable disease maintained for at least 6 months per response evaluation criteria in solid tumors version 1.1. The association of self-identified race with OS and PFS was generally modeled by Cox proportional hazards model. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used for binary outcomes of CB. The univariate association of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and non-clear-cell RCC (nccRCC) with race was assessed using Chi-square test.ResultsOur cohort was made up of 38 AA (19%) and 160 Caucasian (81%) patients. Most of the patients were diagnosed with ccRCC (78%) and more than half received PD-1 monotherapy (57%). Most patients were international mRCC database consortium (IMDC) intermediate (57%) or poor-risk (25%) groups. AA patients displayed significantly shorter PFS (HR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.01–2.3, p=0.045) and trended towards decreased CB (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.22–1.17, p=0.111) in MVA (table 1). There was no difference in OS (HR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.61–1.95, p=0.778) between the two racial groups in MVA (table 1). On Kaplan-Meier method, AA patients had shorter median OS (17 vs 25 months, p=0.3676) and median PFS (3.1 vs 4.4 months, p=0.0676) relative to Caucasian patients (figure 1). Additionally, AA patients more commonly had nccRCC compared to Caucasian patients (41.7% vs 17.5% nccRCC, p-0.002). AA patients also trended towards a lower incidence of irAEs compared to Caucasian patients in UVA (23.7% vs 35.8%, p=0.153).Abstract 223 Table 1*MVA controlled for age, race, gender, IMDC risk group, number of prior lines of therapy, PD-1 monotherapy, and ccRCC**statistical significance at alpha < 0.05Abstract 223 Figure 1African-American (black) and Caucasian (white) for OS (left panel) and PFS (right panel)ConclusionsIn this group of mRCC patients treated with ICI, African American patients had significantly shorter PFS compared to Caucasian patients. These findings suggest race could play a role in the management of late-stage mRCC. Larger, prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.AcknowledgementsResearch reported in this publication was supported in part by the Breen Foundation and the Biostatistics Shared Resource of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and NIH/NCI under award number P30CA138292. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.Trial RegistrationNot applicable.Ethics ApprovalThis retrospective study was approved by the Emory University Institutional Review Board.ConsentNot applicable.ReferencesNot applicable

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