scholarly journals Energy Analysis of Greenhouse Dryer for Ficus Carica L. Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 810-816
Author(s):  
Wan Nurlaila Mat Desa ◽  
Ahmad Fudholi ◽  
Henny Sudibyo ◽  
Ghalya Pikra ◽  
Nugrahaning Sani Dewi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Double Pass ◽  
Moisture Extraction ◽  
Solar Air Collector ◽  
Mass Basis

In this study, a greenhouse solar dryer with double-pass multi-hollow collector for leaf drying was design, constructed, and evaluated. From the result, the double pass solar air collector with multi-hollow tube is capable of increasing air temperature by 5.5℃-10.8℃ compared to ambient air temperature. Thermal efficiency of the dryer was evaluated for passive and active modes, where 47.2% and 50% are recorded respectively. The moisture reduction on mass basis in passive and active dryer recorded was 44% and 74%, respectively. The specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) and specific energy consumption (SEC) of passive dryer was determined to be 0.198 kg per kWh and 5.047 kWh per kg, and active dryer at 0.210 kg per kWh and 4.769 kWh per kg, respectively.

Effect of microwave, infrared, and convection hot-air on drying kinetics and quality properties of okra pods

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany S. EL-Mesery ◽  
Mona A. Elabd
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Rehydration Ratio ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Shrinkage Ratio ◽  
Hot Air

Abstract Okra pods were dried using the following drying regimes; microwave (MWD), infrared (IRD) and convective hot-air drying (CHD). The objective of this investigate was to report the influences of drying methods on okra quality under different drying conditions. Data analysis showed that rehydration ratio and colour change increased with increase in drying air temperature and air velocity while specific energy consumption and shrinkage ratio decreased with increase in drying air temperature under (CHD). The rehydration ratio and colour of dried okra increased with increase in both infrared intensity but it also increased with a decrease in air velocity under (IRD). In the MWD method, drying time, specific energy consumption and shrinkage ratio decreased with increases in microwave power while the rehydration ratio and colour increased. Optimum drying period, specific energy consumption, colour, shrinkage and rehydration ratio were obtained for microwave drying. The model of Midilli et al. is the greatest for describing the drying curves of okra under all the drying processing conditions.

Optimization of Pistachio Nut Drying in a Fluidized Bed Dryer with Microwave Pretreatment Applying Response Surface Methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Amiri Chayjan ◽  
Mohammad Kaveh ◽  
Nesa Dibagar ◽  
Moein Zarrin Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Total Color Change

Abstract Thin-layer drying kinetics of pistachio nuts were examined experimentally as a function of drying conditions in a fluidized bed dryer with microwave pretreatment. Four drying specifications of diffusivity, shrinkage, specific energy consumption and total color change were calculated and the effects of parameters were studied. Numerous experimentations were conducted at three levels of air temperature (40, 55, 70 °C), air velocity (1.2, 2.93, 4.01 m/s), and microwave power (270, 450, 630 W). The variation ranges of diffusivity, shrinkage, energy consumption and color change were recorded from 5.01×10–10 to 5.07×10–9 m2/s, from 26.95 % to 13.13 %, from 1.04 to 9.23 kWh and from 10.44 to 17.17, respectively. According to response surface methodology, optimum condition of drying process occurred at microwave power of 630, air temperature of 70 ˚C, and air velocity of 1.2 m/s. In this optimum point, the values of diffusivity, shrinkage, specific energy consumption and total color change were 4.865×10–9, 14.22 %, 2.164 kWh and 12.312, respectively.

scholarly journals Determination of drying kinetics, specific energy consumption, shrinkage, and colour properties of pomegranate arils submitted to microwave and convective drying

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kaveh ◽  
Iman Golpour ◽  
João Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
Sara Ghafouri ◽  
Raquel Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Effective Moisture ◽  
Pomegranate Arils

Abstract In this study, the drying kinetics, effective moisture diffusivity (D eff), specific energy consumption (SEC), colour, and shrinkage (S b) of pomegranate arils were compared when dried by convective (CV) drying and microwave (MW) drying. The experiments were performed at air temperature of 50, 60, and 70°C and air velocity of 1 m/s for CV drying and 270, 450, and 630 W for MW drying. The results showed that increasing air temperature and MW power increased the D eff. The calculations demonstrated that the maximum D eff for pomegranate arils was obtained for MW drying (630 W). Maximum SEC for pomegranate arils in the CV dryer was 145.12 kWh/kg, whereas in the MW dryer was 35.42 kWh/kg. In MW dryer, the lowest values of colour change and shrinkage were 6.77 and 50.5%, respectively. Comprehensive comparison of the different drying methods (MW and CV) revealed that MW drying had best drying performance for pomegranate arils, considering the drying time, effective moisture diffusion, SEC, colour, and shrinkage.

Effects of Drying Conditions of Fixed Bed Longan Drying on Optimal Bed Thickness

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aree Achariyaviriya ◽  
Paradorn Nuthong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Bed Thickness ◽  
Drying Conditions

In this work, it is presented a study of the effects of drying conditions on the optimal bed thickness of the whole longan. The criteria for evaluation of the drying process are specific energy consumption and drying time which the difference of moisture between top and bottom of drying chamber is less than 10%dry basis. The mathematical model is developed for finding the effects of the drying conditions on the optimal bed thickness. The drying conditions are drying air temperature, specific air flow rate, and fraction of recycled air. Experimental data were compared with the simulated results to verify the model. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis of the fraction of air recycled, drying air temperature, specific airflow rate, initial moisture content, and bed thickness of longan are study. The results showed that there was good agreement between the simulated drying rate and those experimentally observed. In addition, there was a well agreement with respect to the shapes of the drying air temperature and product temperature profiles. From the simulated results, the optimal bed thickness of 40 cm, the specific energy consumption of 10.56 MJ/kg-water and drying time of 64.2 h were found. The responsive conditions were drying air temperature of 75°C, the fraction of recycled air of 90%, and the specific air flow rate of 73 kg-dry air/h-kg dry longan.

Determination of grinding parameters of fenugreek seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Balasubramanian ◽  
Rajkumar Rajkumar ◽  
K K Singh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Fenugreek Seed

Experiment to identify ambient grinding conditions and energy consumed was conducted for fenugreek. Fenugreek seeds at three moisture content (5.1%, 11.5% and 17.3%, d.b.) were ground using a micro pulverizer hammer mill with different grinding screen openings (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm) and feed rate (8, 16 and 24 kg h-1) at 3000 rpm. Physical properties of fenugreek seeds were also determined. Specific energy consumptions were found to decrease from 204.67 to 23.09 kJ kg-1 for increasing levels of feed rate and grinder screen openings. On the other hand specific energy consumption increased with increasing moisture content. The highest specific energy consumption was recorded for 17.3% moisture content and 8 kg h-1 feed rate with 0.5 mm screen opening. Average particle size decreased from 1.06 to 0.39 mm with increase of moisture content and grinder screen opening. It has been observed that the average particle size was minimum at 0.5 mm screen opening and 8 kg h-1 feed rate at lower moisture content. Bond’s work index and Kick’s constant were found to increase from 8.97 to 950.92 kWh kg-1 and 0.932 to 78.851 kWh kg-1 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. Size reduction ratio and grinding effectiveness of fenugreek seed were found to decrease from 4.11 to 1.61 and 0.0118 to 0.0018 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. The loose and compact bulk densities varied from 219.2 to 719.4 kg m-3 and 137.3 to 736.2 kg m-3, respectively.  

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