scholarly journals The Portuguese–Spanish Border ... Back Again?!

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Iva Miranda Pires
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Border Controls

Unexpectedly, over 30 years after the removal of border controls between Portugal and Spain as a result of their joint adhesion to the European Union, border restrictions were reinstated as a preventive measure to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). This paper discusses what has changed in the Portuguese–Spanish border as a consequence of the COVID-19 outbreak.

scholarly journals Coronavirus: Impact on Stock Prices and Growth Expectations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Joachim Gormsen ◽  
Ralph S J Koijen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Lower Bound ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract We use data from aggregate stock and dividend futures markets to quantify how investors’ expectations about economic growth evolved across horizons following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and subsequent policy responses until July 2020. Dividend futures, which are claims to dividends on the aggregate stock market in a particular year, can be used to directly compute a lower bound on growth expectations across maturities or to estimate expected growth using a forecasting model. We show how the actual forecast and the bound evolve over time. As of July 20th, our forecast of annual growth in dividends points to a decline of 8% in both the United States and Japan and a 14% decline in the European Union compared to January 1. Our forecast of GDP growth points to a decline of 2% in the United States and Japan and 3% in the European Union. The lower bound on the change in expected dividends is -17% in the United States and Japan and -28% in the European Union at the 2-year horizon. News about U.S. monetary policy and the fiscal stimulus bill around March 24 boosted the stock market and long-term growth but did little to increase short-term growth expectations. Expected dividend growth has improved since April 1 in all geographies.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mobility on the Spread of COVID-19 in Light of Regional Differences in the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5395
Author(s):  
Ali Cheshmehzangi ◽  
Maycon Sedrez ◽  
Junhang Ren ◽  
Dezhou Kong ◽  
Yifan Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Geographical Locations

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly all over the world, affecting many countries to varying degrees. In this study, an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing the spread of COVID-19 is offered mainly through big data in the European Union (EU) context. In doing so, the data of the first wave of the pandemic are assessed. Afterward, we evaluate the impacts of the COVID-19 spread in specific countries and regions. Based on the existing literature, mobility is recognized as a significant direct factor affecting disease transmission. The same applies to the case of COVID-19. However, compared with the analysis of mobility itself, this paper explores more profound reasons that affect mobility, ranging from policy and economy to geographical and transportation factors. Specifically, this paper studies nine EU countries based on their population density and the degree of impact of the epidemic in the first six months (February to July 2020) of the pandemic. Our study aims to illustrate how policies, economies, and geographical locations (including transportation factors) directly or indirectly affect the spread of the novel coronavirus by applying the SEIR model to analyze all selected countries’ big data. The key findings of this research are: (1) the timeliness of relevant policies and the effectiveness of government implementation indirectly limit the spread of the epidemic by reducing population mobility; (2) a better medical level would contribute to detect, isolate, and treat patients, and help control the epidemic; and (3) the large land borders and developed transportation between countries exacerbate the spread of the COVID-19. The paper contributes to ongoing research on COVID-19 by addressing the above points.

scholarly journals Healthcare risk management during the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic in the European Union: The guaranteed access to medicines

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Silvia Enríquez-Fernández ◽  
Carlos del Castillo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
The Precautionary Principle ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

BACKGROUND: The disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread escalating the situation to an international pandemic. The absence of a vaccine or an efficient treatment with enough scientific evidence against the virus has generated a healthcare crisis of great magnitude. The precautionary principle justifies the selection of the recommended medicines, whose demand has increased dramatically. METHODS: we carried out an analysis of the healthcare risk management and the main measures taken by the state healthcare authorities to a possible shortage of medicines in the most affected countries of the European Union: Spain, France, Italy and Germany. RESULTS: the healthcare risk management in the European Union countries is carried out based on the precautionary principle, as we do not have enough scientific evidence to recommend a specific treatment against the new virus. Some measures aimed to guarantee the access to medicines for the population has been adopted in the most affected countries by the novel coronavirus. CONCLUSIONS: in Spain, Italy and Germany, some rules based on the precautionary principle were pronounced in order to guarantee the supply of medicines, while in France, besides that, the competences of pharmacists in pharmacy offices have been extended to guarantee the access to medicines for the population.

scholarly journals Sea Buckthorn Leaves and the Novel Food Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Sanna Kauppinen
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
History Of

AbstractNovel food means any food that was not used for human consumption to a significant degree within the European Union before 1997. The novel food regulation (EC) 258/97 concerns also foods and food ingredients consisting of or isolated from plants, except the food having a history of safe food use within the European Union before 1997. According to the knowledge thus far, sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) leaves have not been used to a significant degree as food, food supplement, or spice in European Union before 1997. The new regulation on novel foods (EU) No. 2015/2283 (Anonymous, 2015) comes into force in the beginning of 2018. After that also history of safe use in a third country is accepted as information of its traditional use. This means continued use for at least 25 years in the customary diet of a significant number of people. Novel food application has to include the description of the product, production process, characteristics and composition, proposed uses and use levels, anticipated intake, history of its use, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, nutritional and toxicological information and allergenicity. Sea buckthorn leaves have been under active research lately and a lot of information is already available, but safety assessment required for novel food evaluation may still be needed.

A Contested Asylum System: The European Union between Refugee Protection and Border Control in the Mediterranean Sea

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silja Klepp
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Border Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Border Controls

Abstract During the past few years the border waters between Europe and Africa have become an EU-policy crucible. In the midst of the tightening of EU border controls and refugee protection claims, supranational, national and local actors find themselves in a phase of legal insecurity and negotiation. This article is based on ethnographical research carried out in Libya, Italy and Malta. It sheds light on the different actors’ practices at sea and in the surrounding border region. It also explores how new parameters for refugee protection are emerging in the border regions of the European Union. The article argues that the policy practices of the co-operation between Italy and Libya as well as the informal operational methods carried out in the Mediterranean Sea function as a trailblazer of the overall EU refugee policy. In the long term, some of these practices will affect and change the legal basis and the formal regulations of the European refugee regime. The principle of non-refoulement could first be undermined and then abolished in this process. Using an approach that combines the empirical study of border regions with a legal anthropological perspective, the article analyses the Union’s processes of change and decision-making on local, national and supranational levels and their interconnections.

scholarly journals Robert Menasse, The Capital. A satirical novel on the European Union

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Teresa Martins de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Narrative Space ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Robert Menasse ◽  
The Eu

After a short introduction to Menasse´s ideas about the European Union presented in different theoretical texts, the paper will concentrate on the novel The Capital, published in 2016. It will focus on the idea the reader will react with strangeness to the diminished narrative space taken in the text by topics like migrations, terrorism and islamofobia, which are generally accepted as the main issues affecting the EU today (Griffen 2019). Nonetheless, a more detailed analysis of three moments of the novel that critics tend to consider as subsidiary according to their place in the textual economy will show the importance of the aforementioned topics and their (possible) recognition as the new challenges that mark the EU.

Cybersecurity regulation in the financial sector: prospects of legal harmonization in the European Union and beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-167
Author(s):  
Anton N Didenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Legal Harmonization ◽  
Regulatory Landscape ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Abstract Over the past several years, the cybersecurity regulatory landscape has undergone unprecedented change. Bespoke cybersecurity laws and regulations have replaced pre-existing general risk management and business continuity rules in a number of jurisdictions, including the European Union, Hong Kong, Russia, the USA, and Singapore. Cybersecurity has also become the focus of international rules and recommendations adopted by numerous international organizations. The financial sector lies at the centre of the new regulatory initiatives—which, in the absence of an agreed international approach, vary substantially across jurisdictions. This article analyses these emerging legal frameworks by (i) conducting a comparative study of the novel cybersecurity regulations in finance; (ii) identifying the common features of such frameworks; and (iii) assessing the prospect of their harmonization at an international level. It argues that international harmonization in this area is necessary to overcome the underlying regulatory challenges and outlines the scope of rules amenable, first, to initial (de minimis) and, second, subsequent (more expansive) harmonization. The article concludes with a list of main upcoming challenges in designing and harmonizing cybersecurity regulations in finance and practical recommendations for overcoming them.

An Ayurvedic perspective of COVID 19: A Pandemic Situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1627-1634
Author(s):  
Megha Dipak Rudey ◽  
Renu Rathi ◽  
Bharat Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Transmission Of Disease

COVID-19 (Novel coronavirus or corona disease is spreading continuously all over the world. Overloading of ICU and health care system capacity. Along with age factor, community spread, vertical transmission of disease and clinical manifestation is the risk factor for the poor outcomes. The transmission is mainly through respiratory droplets when individual sneezes or coughs and also due to the close contact with an infected individual. Every researcher is in found of preventive measure, and in found of effective treatment for it. As the population is rushing to keep themselves protected from the infection, Ayurveda practitioners are in stress that the kalpas cited in Ayurveda literature will be helpful in strengthening the immunity and to fight against COVID-19. It is an attempt to study the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) it's clinical diagnostic and management in Ayurveda perspective. Various Samhitas, such as Charaka Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Madhava Nidana  articles were referred for this study. According to Ayurveda literature, a unique method of impending a fresh identified illness Rather than centring on the bacteriological etiology, Ayurveda encirclements a universal skill for particularising the details of the illness at hand. Till the date, no vaccination is being found for COVID-19 yet, but the concepts given in Vedas have information about diagnostic and management. This attempt is to encourage Ayurveda  practitioners and young researcher’s to work on the formulations, which are cited thousands of years ago to breakdown the pathology of disease and work for the development and promotion of Ayurveda.

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