scholarly journals Post hoc analysis of fecal samples from responders and non-responders to Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 intervention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henryk Szymanski ◽  
Piotr Mlynarz ◽  
Badr Qasem ◽  
Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal ◽  
Bogumiła Szponar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Calprotectin Level ◽  
Post Hoc

We compared fecal samples from responders and non-responders to administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938. Data for this post hoc analysis were collected from an RCT assessing the efficacy of L. reuteri for the management of acute gastroenteritis. Responders were defined as subjects with diarrhea lasting no longer than 48 h. 44 children (17 responders and 27 non-responders) were analyzed. There were no differences in clinical characteristics and gut colonization between both groups. In the responder group, there were significantly lower levels of five metabolites before beginning of the intervention: lactate, choline, ethanol, creatine, and formate. The fecal calprotectin level did not differ between groups prior to the intervention, but its level was significantly lower after intervention in the responder group. Possibly, the responder group with a “metabolic niche”, including lower level of metabolites, especially lactate, that are potential products of Lactobacillus genus, would determine the response to probiotic treatment. These findings need to be confirmed, but identification of some differences in the fecal metabolomics and the calprotectin level suggests that further studies are warranted.

scholarly journals Association of Biomarker Cutoffs and Endoscopic Outcomes in Crohn’s Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis From the CALM Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1562-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Reinisch ◽  
Remo Panaccione ◽  
Peter Bossuyt ◽  
Filip Baert ◽  
Alessandro Armuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
End Points ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Disease Location

Abstract Background CALM was a randomized phase 3 trial in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) that demonstrated improved endoscopic outcomes when treatment was escalated based on cutoffs for inflammatory biomarkers, fecal calprotectin (FC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and CD Activity Index (CDAI) remission vs CDAI response alone. The purpose of this post hoc analysis of CALM was to identify drivers of treatment escalation and evaluate the association between biomarker cutoff concentrations and endoscopic end points. Methods The proportion of patients achieving CD Endoscopic Index of Severity (CDEIS) <4 and no deep ulcers 48 weeks after randomization was evaluated according to CRP <5 mg/L or ≥5 mg/L and FC <250 μg/g or ≥250 μg/g. Subgroup analyses were performed according to disease location, and sensitivity analyses were conducted in patients with elevated CRP and/or FC at baseline. The association between endoscopic end points and biomarker cutoffs was performed using χ 2 test. Results The proportion of patients who achieved the primary end point CDEIS <4 and no deep ulcers was significantly greater for those with FC <250 µg/g (74%; P < 0.001), with an additive effect for CRP <5 mg/L. The association of FC <250 µg/g with improved endoscopic outcomes was independent of disease location, although the greatest association was observed for ileocolonic disease. Fecal calprotectin <250 µg/g, CRP <5 mg/L, and CDAI <150 gave a sensitivity/specificity of 72%/63% and positive/negative predictive values of 86%/42% for CDEIS <4 and no deep ulcers 48 weeks after randomization. Conclusion This post hoc analysis of CALM demonstrated that a cutoff of FC <250 µg/g is a useful surrogate marker for mucosal healing in CD.

Predictors of futile recanalization in patients undergoing endovascular treatment in the DIRECT-MT trial

2021 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2021-017765
Author(s):  
Tengfei Zhou ◽  
Tingyu Yi ◽  
Tianxiao Li ◽  
Liangfu Zhu ◽  
Yucheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Baseline Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Post Hoc

BackgroundFutile recanalization—when patients have a successful recanalization but fail to achieve a satisfactory functional outcome— is a common phenomenon of endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The present study aimed to identify the predictors of futile recanalization in AIS patients who received endovascular treatment.MethodsThis is a post-hoc analysis of the DIRECT-MT trial. Demographics, clinical characteristics, acute stroke workflow interval times, biochemical parameters, and imaging characteristics were compared between futile and meaningful recanalization groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the predictors of futile recanalization.ResultsFutile recanalization was observed in 277 patients. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age (p<0.001), higher baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.032), incomplete reperfusion defined by extended Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (eTICI) grades (p=0.020), and larger final infarct volume (FIV) (p<0.001) were independent predictors of futile recanalization.ConclusionsOld age, high baseline SBP, incomplete reperfusion defined by eTICI, and large FIV were independent predictors of futile recanalization after endovascular therapy for AIS.

scholarly journals Serum MMP-9: a novel biomarker for prediction of clinical relapse in patients with quiescent Crohn’s disease, a post hoc analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481988159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doron Yablecovitch ◽  
Uri Kopylov ◽  
Adi Lahat ◽  
Michal M. Amitai ◽  
Eyal Klang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Clinical Relapse ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a novel marker of intestinal inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess if serum MMP-9 levels predict clinical flare in patients with quiescent Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods: This study was a post hoc analysis of a prospective observational study in which quiescent CD patients were included and followed until clinical relapse or the end of a 2-year follow-up period. Serial C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (FC) levels were measured, and the patients underwent repeated capsule endoscopies (CEs) every 6 months. Small bowel inflammation was quantified by Lewis score (LS) for CE. A baseline magnetic resonance enterography was also performed, and MaRIA score was calculated. Serum MMP-9 levels in baseline blood samples were quantified by ELISA. Results: Out of 58 eligible enrolled patients, 16 had a flare. Higher levels of baseline MMP-9 were found in patients who developed subsequent symptomatic flare compared with patients who did not [median 661 ng/ml, 25–75 interquartile range (IQR; 478.2–1441.3) versus 525.5 ng/ ml (339–662.7), respectively, p = 0.01]. Patients with serum MMP-9 levels of 945 ng/ ml or higher were at increased risk for relapse within 24 months [area under the curve (AUC) of 0.72 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.88]; hazard ratio 8.1 (95% CI 3.0–21.9, p < 0.001)]. Serum MMP-9 concentrations showed weak and moderate correlation to baseline LS and FC, respectively ( r = 0.31, p = 0.02; r = 0.46, p < 0.001). No correlation was found between serum MMP-9 to CRP and MaRIA score. Conclusions: Serum MMP-9 may be a promising biomarker for prediction of clinical flare in CD patients with quiescent disease.

scholarly journals Fecal Calprotectin Responses Following Induction Therapy With Vedolizumab in Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Post Hoc Analysis of GEMINI 1

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Reinisch ◽  
Brian Bressler ◽  
Rebecca Curtis ◽  
Asit Parikh ◽  
Huyuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Severe Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

Comparative analysis of ocular redness score evaluated automatically in glaucoma patients under different topical medications

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212096961
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Giannaccare ◽  
Marco Pellegrini ◽  
Federico Bernabei ◽  
Carlotta Senni ◽  
Maria Aloi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Topical Medications

Purpose: To compare ocular redness score calculated automatically between glaucoma patients and healthy controls, and to assess the associations between this score and both demographical and clinical characteristics. Methods: Glaucoma patients under different topical medications and matched controls were enrolled in this observational cross-sectional study. The Keratograph 5M (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) was used to automatically measure 5 redness scores: global; nasal bulbar; temporal bulbar; nasal limbal; temporal limbal. The Student t and ANOVA tests were used to compare continuous variables between groups. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between redness scores and the use of different active principles. Results: One hundred two glaucoma patients and 32 controls were included. Ocular redness scores were significantly higher in glaucoma patients compared to controls (always p < 0.001). The number of active principles was significantly associated with all the redness scores (always p < 0.05). The use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) was the strongest predictor of overall redness, followed by prostaglandin analogs (PAs) and alpha-adrenergic agonists (AAAs) (respectively, β = 0.400, p = 0.002; β = 0.330, p = 0.013; β = 0.311, p = 0.044). The post hoc analysis measuring the effect of different PAs on redness scores showed that overall redness and bulbar nasal redness scores were significantly lower in patients using tafluprost and latanoprost compared to those using travoprost and bimatoprost 0.01% (respectively, p = 0.025 and p = 0.024). Conclusion: Ocular redness was significantly higher in patients with glaucoma compared to control subjects. The number of active principles and the use of PAs, CAIs and AAAs were associated with higher redness scores.

scholarly journals Nonresponsiveness and Susceptibility of Opioid Side Effects Related to Cancer Patients’ Clinical Characteristics: A Post-Hoc Analysis

Pain Practice ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 748-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Corli ◽  
Anna Roberto ◽  
Michael I. Bennett ◽  
Francesca Galli ◽  
Nicole Corsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

Human Isolated Coronary Artery Contraction To Sumatriptan: A Post Hoc Analysis

Cephalalgia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maassen Van Den Brink ◽  
WA Bax ◽  
NN Ramrattan ◽  
MD Ferrari ◽  
PR Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Small Contraction ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Endothelial Integrity ◽  
Post Hoc

A post hoc analysis was performed on concentration response curves to sumatriptan in 62 human isolated coronary arteries. We determined whether donor-related clinical characteristics (age, sex, cause of death) and properties of the coronary artery (functional endothelial integrity, muscle mass) were related to the potency and efficacy of sumatriptan in contracting the human isolated coronary artery. The efficacy of sumatriptan was inversely related to the functional integrity of the vessel endothelium. Thus, contrary to expectation, coronary artery constriction to sumatriptan seems to be more pronounced in patients with nondiseased coronary arteries where the endothelium is intact. Nevertheless, in view of the high coronary reserve in these patients, myocardial ischemia after the use of sumatriptan is unlikely to occur, whereas in patients with coronary artery disease even a small contraction may be deleterious.

scholarly journals Budesonide MMX Is Effective in Patients Having Persistent Symptoms and Raised Fecal Calprotectin Following Treatments for Diverticular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Antonio Tursi ◽  
Claudio Cassieri ◽  
Raffaele Colucci ◽  
Walter Elisei ◽  
Marcello Picchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Post Hoc

Background and Aim: Although rifaximin and mesalazine seem to be effective in treating the majority of people suffering from diverticular disease (DD), some patients still experience symptoms following those treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of budesonide MMXTM in managing symptoms and raised fecal calprotectin (FC) in patients with endoscopic diagnosis of DD and not responding to standard treatments. Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of the patients enrolled in the DICA prospective study. All patients were at the first diagnosis of DD, scored according to DICA classification. We assessed abdominal pain, meteorism, constipation and diarrhea (scored from 0 to 10) and FC expression at baseline and after six months. Patients were treated with budesonide MMXTM for 4 weeks (9 mg/day for 2 weeks, followed by 9 mg every other day for further 2 weeks), followed by mesalazine 2.4 grams/day for further 5 months. Results: We studied 24 patients (18 females and 6 males, median age 64, inter quartile range (IQR): 57.5- 73.5), previously treated with mesalazine and/or rifaximin (equally subdivided between DICA 2 and DICA 3). At 6-month follow-up, a significant reduction of all symptoms assessed was observed (abdominal pain and meteorism: p<0.001; constipation: p=0.007; diarrhea: p=0.009). Median (IQR) FC level was 244.5 (171.5- 322.0) μg/g at baseline and 51.0 (IQR: 35.5-61.5) μg/g (p< 0.001) after 6 months. No side effects were recorded. Conclusions: Treatment with budesonide MMXTM seems to be effective in obtaining symptoms’ control and dropping of FC in patients with DD and not responding to standard treatments.

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