scholarly journals Divine Justice and the Issue of Evil in Sahifa Al-Sajjadiyya

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Sodeif Motlagh
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Divine Justice ◽  
The World ◽  
Theological Foundations ◽  
Human World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Devil

The issue of "divine justice", which is the one of the most important doctrinal principles and a characteristic of the theological religions such Shiite and Mu'tazilite, in fact is one of the Perfect Attributes of Allah and due to its indescribable importance, it has a special place in doctrinal discussions. On the other hand, the existence of evils and calamities, poverty and deprivation, oppression and disease and moral corruption, and even the manner of punishment in the hereafter, always raises doubts in the human mind and calls into question Allah's justice. The generality of such suspicions has led Islamic thinkers to solve these problems in defense of divine justice. In this regard, the present study seeks to use the words of the fourth Shiite Imam in the divine invocations of the complete Sahifa Al_ Sajjadiyya, to achieve the theological foundations to solve some evil doubts in the realm of creation and the human world. The method of collecting materials in this research is library and the research method is "descriptive -analytical". After investigations, it became clear that from Imam Sajjad's point of view, neglecting and inclining the soul to the world and other than Allah, and consequently being caught in the trap of the devil and carnal soul, and contamination with sin and transgression, is the real evil. According to him, the divine test and punishment and return to the truth, the flourishing of talents and the appreciation of blessings are the benefits of evil and suffering. also meanings such as: the inherent richness of the Almighty, the bestowal of goodness and abundant blessings, the guidance of the servants to the good religion and the punishment of the same action in the prayers of Imam (A.S), all three types of genetic justice, legislative justice and criminal justice can be proved.

scholarly journals MEREFLEKSIKAN TUHAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF METAFISIKA, DAN RELEVASINYA BAGI MULTIKULTURALISME INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
Agustinus Wisnu Dewantara
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Analogical Approach ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
The Relationship

Talking about God can not be separated from the activity of human thought. Activity is the heart of metaphysics. Searching religious authenticity tends to lead to a leap in harsh encounter with other religions. This interfaith encounter harsh posed a dilemma. Why? Because on the one hand religion is the peacemaker, but on the other hand it’s has of encouraging conflict and even violence. Understanding God is not quite done only by understanding the religion dogma, but to understand God rationally it is needed. It is true that humans understand the world according to his own ego, but it is not simultaneously affirm that God is only a projection of the human mind. Humans understand things outside of himself because no awareness of it. On this side of metaphysics finds itself. Analogical approach allows humans to approach and express God metaphysically. Human clearly can not express the reality of the divine in human language, but with the human intellect is able to reflect something about the relationship with God. Analogy allows humans to enter the metaphysical discussion about God. People who are at this point should come to the understanding that God is the Same One More From My mind, The Impossible is defined, the Supreme Mystery, and infinitely far above any human thoughts.

The Animistic Way: Contemporary Paganism and the Posthuman

Poligrafi ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107-127
Author(s):  
Victoria Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Natural World ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relational Ontology ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Human World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Contemporary Paganism

This article aims to explore the affinities between contemporary Paganism and the posthuman project in how they approach the non-human natural world. On the one hand, posthumanism explores new ways of considering the notion of humans and how they are linked with the non-human world. On the other hand, Neopaganism expands this reflection to the spiritual domain through its animistic relational sensibility. Both perspectives challenge the modern paradigm where nature and humans are opposed and mutually disconnected. They instead propose a relational ontology that welcomes the “different other.” This integrated relationship between humans and the “other than human” can be understood through the semiotic Chora, a notion belonging to Julia Kristeva that addresses how the subject is not symbolically separated from the world in which it is contained.

The Devil Wears White: Teutonic Knights and the Problem of Evil in Polish Historiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-155
Author(s):  
Adam Kożuchowski
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Imagination ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Problem Of Evil ◽  
The One ◽  
The Devil ◽  
Teutonic Knights

This paper addresses the intersection of moral condemnation, national antagonism, and civilizational critique in the images of the Teutonic Order as presented in Polish historical discourse since the early nineteenth century, with references to their medieval and early modern origins. For more than 150 years, the Order played the role of the archenemy in the historical imagination of Poles. This image is typically considered an element of the anti-German sentiment, fueled by modern nationalism. In this paper I argue that the scale and nature of the demonization of the Teutonic Knights in Polish historiography is more complex, and should be interpreted in the contexts of pre-modern religious rhetoric on the one hand, and the critique of Western civilization from a peripheral or semi-colonial point of view on the other. The durability and flexibility of the black legend of the Order, born in the late Middle Ages, and adapted by Romantic, modern nationalist, and communist historians, makes it a unique phenomenon, surpassing the framework of modern nationalism. It is the modern anti-German stereotype that owes much to this legend, rather than the other way around.

scholarly journals Subset and Superset Language Relations as Way of Expression of Linguistic and Philosophical Generalization and Specialization Categories

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01208
Author(s):  
Irina Nekipelova
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
General Concept ◽  
The Other ◽  
Informational Content ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
World Language ◽  
High Coefficient ◽  
World Picture ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to a research of a linguistic and philosophical category of generalization and specialization. The generalization category is one of the most important categories of human mind. It is as important as the other categories, like analyzing and synthesizing, classification, extrapolation and analogy. On the one hand, generalization is a philosophical category, because it is one of world designing instruments and a world picture creation in mind of the human. On the other hand, generalization is also a linguistic category, because it is one of instruments of designing a world language picture. The certificate of it are the cross-disciplinary researches using knowledge of different sciences. The ability to draw conclusions is a feature of human minds. It allows a human to unite a logical and figurative approach to perception and understanding of the world. The research has shown that the generalization category realizes the subset and superset relations between language units. These relations assume communication of the general concept with the private concepts included in it. In the pragmatical plan, the generalization category is expressed in existing words having the generalized value. These words designate nonexistent denotations. At the same time, they correspond too many denotations. However, they do not call these denotations directly, but that is what it means. Designating a lot of things, the generalized words have a high coefficient of informational content. But this coefficient significantly decreases in specific conditions of a context. It is necessary to tell that the criterion of informational content is the important criterion of the language development. And we should see that generalization is one of ways of information growth in language. Subset and superset relations make human communications more successful.

Melissus And His Opponents: The Argument of DK 30 B 8

Phronesis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Makin
Keyword(s):  
Prima Facie ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Argument ◽  
Orthodox Interpretation ◽  
Realist Position ◽  
The World ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
The One

AbstractIn this paper I offer a new interpretation of Melissus' argument at DK 30 B8.In this passage Melissus uses an Eleatic argument against change to challenge an opponent who appeals to the authority of perception in order to support the view that there are a plurality of items in the world. I identify an orthodox type of approach to this passage, but argue that it cannot give a charitable interpretation of Melissus' strategy. In order to assess Melissus' overall argument we have to identify the opponent at whom it is aimed. The orthodox interpretation of the argument faces a dilemma: Melissus' argument is either a poor argument against a plausible opponent or a good argument against an implausible opponent.My interpretation turns on identifying a new target for Melissus' argument. I explain the position I call Bluff Realism (contrasting it with two other views: the Pig Headed and the Fully Engaged). These are positions concerning the dialectical relation between perception on the one hand, and arguments to counter-perceptual conclusions on the other. I argue that Bluff Realism represents a serious threat from an Eleatic point of view, and is prima facie an attractive position in its own right.I then give a charitable interpretation of Melissus' argument in DK 30 B8, showing how he produces a strong and incisive argument against the Bluff Realist position I have identified. Melissus emerges as an innovative and astute philosopher.

scholarly journals Translation, Interpretation, and Common Meaning: Victoria Welby’s Significal Perspective1

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Petrilli
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Human World ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
The One

Abstract As she worked through the nineteenth century Victoria Welby elaborated a fascinating theory of translation based on her theory of sign and meaning, which she designated with the term significs. This means to say that, on the one hand, Welby’s theory of translation took account of the vastness and variety of the world of signs, therefore of the unbounded nature of translative-interpretive processes which cannot be limited to the mere transition from one language to another. The condition for interlingual translation in the human world is the larger context where translative processes converge with life processes and maybe push beyond in what would seem to be an unbounded cosmic dimension. On the other hand, that Welby should have related her translation theory to her theory of sign and meaning also implies that she founded her translation theory in a theory of value recognizing the inevitable importance of the latter when translating within a single language as much as across different languages in a plurilingual and intercultural world. Ultimately, in the properly human world, to translate means to interpret, that is, to translate transfiguring and transvaluating significance.

scholarly journals Eesti- ja Liivimaa libahundipärimus rahvapärase ontoloogia muutumise peegeldajana

Mäetagused ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Merili Metsvahi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article gives a short overview of the Estonian werewolf tradition in the 16th and 17th centuries and a glimpse into the 19th–20th-century werewolf beliefs. The image of werewolf of the earlier and later periods is compared. The differences between the images of these two periods are explained with the help of the approaches of Tim Ingold and Philipp Descola, which ground the changes in the worldview taking place together with the shift from the pre-modern society into modernity. The mental world of the 16th–17th-century Estonian and Livonian peasant did not encompass the category of nature, and the borders between the human being and the animal on the one side and organism and environment on the other side were not so rigid as they are in today’s people’s comprehension of the world. The ability to change into a wolf was seen as an added possibility of acquiring new experiences and benefits. As the popular ontology had changed by the second half of the 19th century – the human mind was raised into the ultimate position and the animal was comprehended as being inferior – the transformation of a man into an animal, if it was seriously taken at all, seemed to be strange and unnatural.

scholarly journals MEREFLEKSIKAN TUHAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF METAFISIKA, DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI MULTIKULTURALISME INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustinus Dewantara
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
Religious Dogma ◽  
The One ◽  
Analogical Approach ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
The Relationship

Talking about God can not be separated from the activity of human thought. Activity is the heart of metaphysics. Searching religious authenticity tends to lead to a leap in harsh encounter with other religions. This interfaith encounter harsh posed a dilemma. Why? Because on the one hand religion is the peacemaker, but on the other hand it’s has of encouraging conflict and even violence. Understanding God is not quite done only by understanding the religious dogma, but to understand God rationally it is needed. It is true that humans understand the world according to his own ego, but it is not simultaneously affirm that God is only a projection of the human mind. Humans understand things outside of himself because no awareness of it. On this side of metaphysics finds itself. Analogical approach allows humans to approach and express God metaphysically. Humans clearly can not express the reality of the divine in human language, but with the human intellect is able to reflect something about the relationship with God. Analogy allows humans to enter the metaphysical discussion about God. People who are at this point should come to the understanding that God is the Same One More From My mind, The Impossible is defined, the Supreme Mystery, and infinitely far above any human thoughts.

scholarly journals Ethnolinguistics in etymological research

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Mariola Jakubowicz
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Traditional Evaluation

The article is devoted to the relationship between etymology and ethnolinguistics, with particular reference to the usefulness of ethnolinguistic research in the work of etymologists. In the last thirty years numerous Slavists have combined their interest in one of these branches with an application of their research in the other branch. The article focuses on ethnolinguistics as it is represented in Słownik stereotypów i symboli ludowych [Dictionary of Folk Stereotypes and Symbols], which explores mainly texts of folklore. It presents links binding two directions of research: (1) relations between elements of the world, from the immediate environment to the Cosmos, considered from the point of view of texts of folklore on the one hand and etymology on the other; (2) analyses of synonymous and antonymous conceptual pairs that manifest parallelism both in folklore and etymology; (3) traditional evaluation and the associated linguistic taboo.

scholarly journals LA NOCIÓN DE PERSONA Y EL CONCEPTO DE IXTLAMATKI EN LA VISIÓN DEL MUNDO DE LOS NAHUAS DE LA SIERRA NEGRA DE PUEBLA

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Romero
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The World ◽  
San Sebastian ◽  
Human World ◽  
Other World ◽  
The One ◽  
Alter Ego ◽  
Sierra Negra

En la cosmovisión de los nahuas de San Sebastián Tlacotepec, municipio perteneciente a la Sierra Negra de Puebla, la noción de persona es uno de los ejes vertebrales para entender la forma en que es concebido elixtlamatki, el que sabe ver, especialista ritual encargado de los problemas de salud originados por la pérdida del alma, el daño al animal compañero y la brujería. A partir del análisis de los atributos otorgados al ixtlamatki, mismos que lo definen como un ser humano “especial”, podemos entender su función como intermediario entre el mundo humano y el “mundo-otro”, sus capacidades como “recuperador” de almas, su capacidad de transformarse en animal, la fortaleza de sus entidades anímicas y su facultad de actuar a voluntad durante sus sueños.   ABSTRACT In the world view of the nahua population of San Sebastian Tlacotepec, a village localized in the region denominated Sierra Negra in the state of Puebla, the “notion of person” is one of the principals elements necessary to understand the concept of ixtlamatki, “ the one who knows how to see”, ritual specialist in charge of health problems en cases like loss of soul, witchcraft or when the alter ego has been hurt. Beginning with the analysis of his attributes, which define him as special human being, we come closer to understand his function as intermediary between the human world and the “other world”; his power as “soul retriever” and other special abilities, for example, his capacity of transforming himself as well as his faculty to act intentionally in his dreams.

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