LIFE HISTORY OF THE WOOLLY PINE SCALE PSEUDOPHILIPPIA QUAINTANCII COCKERELL (HOMOPTERA: COCCIDAE) IN LOBLOLLY PINE SEED ORCHARDS

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Clarke ◽  
Gary L. DeBarr ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford

The woolly pine scale, Pseudophilippia quaintancii Cockerell, had 2 generations per year in the Georgia coastal plain. Crawler activity peaked in late March-early April and late May to mid-June. First-generation males were wingless and emergence began in late April. Second-generation males were alate and their emergence peaked in early July. Populations of P. quaintancii increased during the first generation and dispersal occurred during the second. Fecundity averaged about 500 offspring per female. Populations were significantly affected by tree clone and crown level, with higher average survival in the upper crown. Parasitism of the woolly pine scale was low.

1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Clarke ◽  
Gary L. Debarr ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 853-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Clarke ◽  
Gary L. DeBarr ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford

AbstractThe striped pine scale, Toumeyella pini (King), had three generations per year in south Georgia. Females developed on snoots and males developed on needles of loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L. Generations overlapped and crawlers were most abundant in May, mid-July to early August, and late October to early November. The average fecundity was 1865 crawlers per female. Parasitism averaged ca. 15%, but the predation rate reached 50%. Coccophagus lycimnia Walker (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) was the most common parasitoid reared from both males and females. A pyralid larva, Laetitia coccidivora (Comstock), was a frequent predator of females.


2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 3790-3794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Tabashnik ◽  
Timothy J. Dennehy ◽  
Maria A. Sims ◽  
Karen Larkin ◽  
Graham P. Head ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Crops genetically engineered to produce Bacillus thuringiensis toxins for insect control can reduce use of conventional insecticides, but insect resistance could limit the success of this technology. The first generation of transgenic cotton with B. thuringiensis produces a single toxin, Cry1Ac, that is highly effective against susceptible larvae of pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), a major cotton pest. To counter potential problems with resistance, second-generation transgenic cotton that produces B. thuringiensis toxin Cry2Ab alone or in combination with Cry1Ac has been developed. In greenhouse bioassays, a pink bollworm strain selected in the laboratory for resistance to Cry1Ac survived equally well on transgenic cotton with Cry1Ac and on cotton without Cry1Ac. In contrast, Cry1Ac-resistant pink bollworm had little or no survival on second-generation transgenic cotton with Cry2Ab alone or with Cry1Ac plus Cry2Ab. Artificial diet bioassays showed that resistance to Cry1Ac did not confer strong cross-resistance to Cry2Aa. Strains with >90% larval survival on diet with 10 μg of Cry1Ac per ml showed 0% survival on diet with 3.2 or 10 μg of Cry2Aa per ml. However, the average survival of larvae fed a diet with 1 μg of Cry2Aa per ml was higher for Cry1Ac-resistant strains (2 to 10%) than for susceptible strains (0%). If plants with Cry1Ac plus Cry2Ab are deployed while genes that confer resistance to each of these toxins are rare, and if the inheritance of resistance to both toxins is recessive, the efficacy of transgenic cotton might be greatly extended.


1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris C. Kondratieff ◽  
J. Reese Voshell Jr.

The life history of Heterocloeon curiosum was compared in the impounded North Anna River (NAR) and the free-flowing South Anna River (SAR) in Virginia, U.S.A. The study site on the NAR was 32 km below Lake Anna, a surface-release reservoir. Heterocloeon curiosum was bivoltine in both rivers with two summer generations and probable overwintering in the egg stage. It passed through 10 larval instars (range 9–12) in both rivers. The density of larvae was twice as great in the SAR as the NAR. Factors which may have contributed to the lesser success of H. curiosum in the NAR included bottom scouring produced by sudden increases in discharge, absence of the macrophyte Podostemum, quality of available food, and alterations of the temperature regime. Of these four factors, temperature probably had the most significant effect. The emergence of the second generation was 1 month later in the NAR because the reservoir delayed the normal seasonal cooling of the river. The nonoptimal temperature regime appeared to significantly reduce the fecundity of H. curiosum in the NAR. Our data indicate that surface-release reservoirs may have subtle but significant effects on the life histories of benthic macroinvertebrates.


2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey W. Martin ◽  
Barry D. Shiver

Abstract A designed study was established in the Coastal Plain of Georgia and northern Florida, and in the Piedmont of South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama with the objectives of evaluating the impacts of first-generation genetic improvement and of combining genetic improvement and vegetation control on yields of loblolly pine. The two levels of competition control were either none, other than that provided by the operational mechanical site preparation, or complete competition control. Genetic treatments consisted of unimproved seed stock, bulk lot first-generation improved stock or single family first-generation improved stock. In terms of total volume, increases up to 45% (882 ft3/ac) and 39% (863 ft3/ac) were obtained from using complete vegetation control in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions, respectively. Improved genetic stock increased total volume an average of 11% (246 ft3/ac) to 16% (364 ft3/ac) in the Coastal Plain and 12% (277 ft3/ac) to 19% (445 ft3/ac) in the Piedmont for bulk lot and single families, respectively. For total volume, the effects of competition control and genetics were additive, indicating the managers should obtain the full benefit of these two treatments. In both regions, improved genetics significantly reduced the percent fusiform infection. In addition, no statistically significant differences were detected between bulk lot and single family plantings across all dependent variables. South. J. Appl. For. 26(1):37–42.


2020 ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Кринка [Krinka] Видаковић-Петров [Vidaković-Petrov]

Transgenerational Memory: From Pre-Holocaust to Post-YugoslaviaThe study focuses on Fanika as an example of documentary writing by firstand second-generation survivors, i.e. women in the mother-daughter relationship (Hanna Altarac/Fanika Lučić and Branka Jovičić), both from Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. The timeline of the life story of Hanna/Fanika, born in 1922 in a Sephardic family from Sarajevo, coincides on the macro level with the history of Yugoslavia (the establishment of the state and the interwar period, World War Two and the Holocaust, the postwar socialist period, the break-up of the country and post-Yugoslavia), which is important for the contextualization of the narrative. We have analyzed the motivation of first-generation survivor Fanika Lučić to present her memories of the Holocaust, highlighting the importance of communicative memory as an instrument of their transmission to a second-generation survivor as well as the process involved in their transfer from private to public narrative. Further analysis refers to the generic frames of the narrative, its hybrid character, and its liminal position at a point where biography and autobiography meet and interact. Mediation is a key procedure in Fanika, so attention has been dedicated to determining the degrees of mediation, their variation throughout the narrative and their impact on the substructures (narrative segments). Finally, we have identified, interpreted, and contextualized several gender markers appearing at various levels of the text. In conclusion, the book was designed not only to transmit the Holocaust testimony of Fanika Lučić, but also to provide a biographical account of her life in socialist Yugoslavia, her experience of the war in Bosnia, and the final phase of her life as a Canadian immigrant. Transgenerational memory and gender play a key role in the hybrid structure of this book, which is a welcome contribution to Yugoslav Holocaust literature. Pamięć międzypokoleniowa: od czasów przed Holokaustem do okresu postjugosłowiańskiegoArtykuł analizuje książkę Fanika jako przykład prozy dokumentalnej, autorstwa dwóch kobiet należących kolejno do pierwszego i drugiego pokolenia ocalałych z Holokaustu. Są to pochodzące z Sarajewa matka i córka – Hanna Altarac/Fanika Lučic i Branka Jovičic. Ramy czasowe historii życia Hanny/Faniki (ur. 1922 w sefardyjskiej rodzinie) zbiegają się z historią Jugosławii (powstanie państwa i okres międzywojenny, II wojna światowa i Holokaust, powojenny socjalistyczny okres, rozpad kraju i okres postjugosłowiański), co stanowi istotny punkt wyjścia dla kontekstualizacji narracji. W artykule poddano analizie zarówno motywację ocalałej z pierwszego pokolenia Faniki Lučić do przedstawienia swoich wspomnień z Holokaustu, podkreślając znaczenie pamięci komunikacyjnej jako narzędzia służącego do przekazywania wspomnień ocalałemu z drugiego pokolenia, jak i proces transferu wspomnień z narracji prywatnej do publicznej. Dalsza analiza odnosi się do ogólnych ram narracji, jej hybrydowego charakteru i jej pozycji liminalnej w punkcie, w którym biografia i autobiografia spotykają się i współdziałają. Ponieważ mediacja jest procedurą kluczową w Fanice, zwrócono uwagę na określenie stopnia mediacji, jej zmienności poprzez narrację, a także jej wpływu na narracyjne podstruktury (segmenty narracyjne). Wreszcie zidentyfikowano, zinterpretowano i osadzono w kontekście kilka wyznaczników płci pojawiających się na różnych poziomach tekstu. Podsumowując, książka miała na celu nie tylko przekazanie świadectwa o Holokauście Faniki Lučić, ale także przedstawienie biograficznego opisu jej życia w socjalistycznej Jugosławii, jej doświadczeń wojny w Bośni i ostatniej fazy jej życia jako imigrantki w Kanadzie. Pamięć międzypokoleniowa i płeć odgrywają kluczową rolę w hybrydowej strukturze tej książki, która wnosi istotny wkład do jugosłowiańskiej literatury Holokaustu.


2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Larissa A. Kozlova

The book reviewed in this article is the result of many years of historical-sociological and historical-biographical studies conducted by B.Z. Doktorov. It contains generalizations of certain results of analyzing biographies, while also introducing the reader to the methodology and procedure of the historical-sociological pursuit. The book was written, in the words of the author himself, in the form of a “mental dialog” with the characters of the biographical narrative; it contains methodological clarifications, as well as descriptions of the creation of the texts included within the book. It contains the author’s previously published work, dedicated to American scientists who conducted studies of public opinion (G. Gallup, H. Cantril, D. Ogilvy), as well as Russian sociologists belonging to the four eldest generations (B.A. Grushin, V.A. Yadov, T.I. Zaslavskaya, Y.A. Levada, A.N. Alekseev, V.B. Golofast, G.S. Batygin). The early activity of the first generation is associated with a period of rebirth (second generation) for Russian sociology during the 1950’s and 1960’s. This review describes the origins of B.Z. Doktorov’s interest towards the research problems; a short summary of the book is given; described is the research methodology of a generational approach; also revealed is the importance of B.Z. Doktorov’s work when it comes to the history of Russian sociology and historical-biographical studies.


1997 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hutchinson ◽  
N. Takei ◽  
D. Bhugra ◽  
T. A. Fahy ◽  
C. Gilvarry ◽  
...  

BackgroundIt has been suggested that the increased rate of psychotic illness among African–Caribbeans living in Britain is due to an excess of pregnancy and birth complications (PBCs).MethodWe therefore compared the frequency of PBCs in a group of White psychotic patients (n=103) and a comparable group of patients of African–Caribbean origin (n=61); the latter consisted of 30 first-generation (born in the Caribbean) and 31 second-generation (born in Britain) individuals.ResultsWhite psychotic patients were more than twice as likely to have a history of PBCs as their African–Caribbean counterparts (odds ratio=2.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88–6.47, P=0.062). The same trend was observed among patients with a DSM–III diagnosis of schizophrenia (odds ratio=l.65, 95% CI 0.56–4.97, P=0.32). The rate of PBCs was similar among the first- and second-generation Caribbean psychotic patients.ConclusionsThe increased rate of psychotic illness that has been reported among the African–Caribbean population in Britain is not due to an increased prevalence of PBCs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-344
Author(s):  
Parlindungan Siregar

This study aimed to explain that the intellectual community who studied at and was born from the state Institute of Islamic Studies Syarif Hidayatullah (IAIN Jakarta) in the 1970s to 1985 were the second-generation intellectuals who had their own characteristics. As the study was library research, the data collection was done by examining deeply the written documents or literatures that were relevant with the problems being investigated. The obtained data were then qualitatively analyzed by comparing and connecting the existing variables; and inferences were drawn from the findings to get an ideal concept of building a good national and state life based on the Islamic substantial values. The results of the study showed that second generation intellectuals became international intellectuals as Islamic historians in Southeast Asia, theologians, political or socio-economic analysts, and activists of Islamic movements. The study also pointed out that it was not only the first generation that made the second generation successful in their career and studies, but many factors on and off campus contributed significantly, and affect the next generations continuously from time to time. Evidently, in their development, discussion activities of intra-or extra campus organizations, talked not only about Islam but also political issues, such as the old order government policies. The study concluded that the second generation of IAIN Jakarta Intellectual community played many roles in Islamic studies in national and international level. It suggested that studies on the same topis with different points of views are still necessary to conduct.


1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
Taku IWASAKl ◽  
Masato AOYAGI ◽  
Yasuyuki DODO ◽  
Minoru ISHII

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