Sublethal Effects and Mortality of Tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) Induced by Fenvalerate Treatment of Cattle

The effect of fenvalerate spray treatments of cattle upon the feeding success and survival of tabanids was examined. There was a reduction in feeding time for tabanids feeding on treated cows ranging from 27.4 to 38.8%. There was also a 31% reduction in engorgement weight of Tabanus fuscicostatus Hine. The time that flies were allowed to feed upon fenvalerate-treated steers had no significant effect upon mortality rates or knockdown percentages.

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Sublethal effects of different fungal isolates on Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-020-00327-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tamires Doroteo de Souza ◽

Fabricio Oliveira Fernandes ◽

Ariadne Costa Sanches ◽

Ricardo Antônio Polanczyk

Keyword(s):

Helicoverpa Armigera ◽

Sublethal Effects ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Control Measures ◽

Pupal Weight ◽

Main Body ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Helicoverpa Armígera ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Broad-spectrum pesticides and Bt crops have been used against the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), but their effect on the environment and the development of resistance are the main limitations for these control measures. The use of mycobiopesticides is an ecofriendly and efficient alternative. Fungicides have a wide distribution and a high genetic variability, which allows their screening for more virulent isolates. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the interactions of H. armigera larvae with Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, on mortality, virulence, sublethal effects, and life table aspects. Main body The isolates that caused mortality rates of H. armigera above 80% were selected for further assays. Virulence was measured by LC50 estimates, using Probit analysis to sublethal effects, and the bootstrap procedure to estimate the biological parameters: time for development, fertility, longevity, pre-ovipositional period, egg viability, and sex ratio. The H. armigera mortality rates caused by B. bassiana and M. anisopliae ranged from 45 to 100% and from 40 to 90%, respectively. Longevity, fertility, and survival rates are affected in all treatments. The pupal weight of individuals treated with fungi was lower than in the control. Deformations were observed in H. armigera pupae developed from larvae treated with B. bassiana. Conclusion The use of sublethal concentrations of isolates of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana resulted in an adverse effect on the biological parameters of H. armigera.

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Evaluation of the toxicity and sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin against horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) via bioassays and exposure to treated hosts

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300042565 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 493-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D.J. Leprince ◽

L.J. Hribar ◽

L.D. Foil

Keyword(s):

Filter Paper ◽

Sublethal Effects ◽

Feeding Time ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Horse Flies

AbstractMortality ofTabanus fuscicostatusHine females, engorged to repletion on bullocks treated with lambda-cyhalothrin impregnated ear tags, or placed on treated bullocks for periods of 15, 30, 45 or 60 s but not allowed to feed, was equal to or greater than 96%, while from 0% to 8% mortality was observed for controls. Average feeding time was significantly lower inT. fuscicostatusfed on treated bullocks (33%) than in flies fed on control bullocks, but average engorged weight was not significantly different between treatments. Mortality ofT. americanusForster females, placed on the backs of treated bullocks but not allowed to feed for periods of 15, 30, 45 or 60 s, was 16%, 44%, 76% and 100%, respectively. Results of bioassays in which flies were exposed to treated filter paper (LC50) or were topically treated (LD50) are presented per fly and per weight forT. fuscicostatusandT. lineolacomplex.

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133: Comparisons of Prostate Cancer Mortality Rates with Changes in Dietary Practices in the United States from 1930 to 2000

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)32400-5 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 175 (4S) ◽

pp. 42-43

Author(s):

Jan L. Colli ◽

Albert Colli

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

United States ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Dietary Practices ◽

Prostate Cancer Mortality

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Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000084 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 178-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Maurizio Pompili ◽

Marco Innamorati ◽

Monica Vichi ◽

Maria Masocco ◽

Nicola Vanacore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Premature Death ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Italian Population ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Younger Age ◽

Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

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