Seasonal Density and Impact of Mining of Lyonetia prunifoliella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) on Semidwarf Apple Trees in Connecticut

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-452
Author(s):  
Chris T. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Woody Growth ◽  
Impact Of Mining ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

Number of adults on unbaited yellow sticky traps and of new mines and pupae on semidwarf ‘Mcintosh’ or ‘Mutsu’ apple, Malus domestica Borkhausen, trees was recorded weekly at Southington, CT, to determine the seasonal density of Lyonetia prunifoliella (Hübner) in 1989 and 1990. Densities were highest between August and October when leaves of the second flush were developing. On sprayed ‘Mutsu’ trees, L. prunifoliella had at least six generations between May and November 1989, and four during these months in 1990. An application of permethrin in April probably eliminated the first generation in 1990. On ‘Mutsu’ apple trees, the loss of leaves of the second flush in 1990 was significantly greater on terminal shoots with mining than on those without it. Foliar mining also significantly reduced the length and basal diameter of terminal shoots. By reducing woody growth on young trees, the premature loss of leaves may delay the first harvest. Pruning in summer and fewer applications of fertilizer might slow the population growth of L. prunifoliella.

scholarly journals Fewer Whiteflies Found on CO2-enriched Greenhouse Tomatoes with High C: N Ratios

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1079-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim E. Tripp ◽  
William K. Kroen ◽  
Mary M. Peet ◽  
Daniel H. Willits
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Enrichment ◽  
Plant Composition ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Greenhouse Tomatoes ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

Eight tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars were grown for 16 weeks in greenhouses enriched for an average of 8.1 hours daily to 1000 μl CO /liter of air or in greenhouses maintained at ambient CO. Carbon dioxide enrichment significantly decreased the mean number of greenhouse whiteflies [Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westward), Homoptera: Aleyrodidae] as measured by counts from commercial yellow sticky traps. The number of whiteflies present was negatively correlated with both seasonal foliar C: N ratio and percent C but positively correlated with percent N in the foliage. Thus, CO enrichment apparently alters plant composition in such a way as to reduce significantly the population growth of greenhouse whiteflies.

MOVEMENT BETWEEN WILD AND CULTIVATED BLUEBERRY1 BY TWO SPECIES OF SHARPNOSED LEAFHOPPERS (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE)2 IN NORTH CAROLINA3

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan P. Whitney ◽  
John R. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Fluorescent Pigment ◽  
Wooded Area ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

Field-collected Scaphytopius spp. adults were marked with fluorescent pigment, released in a cultivated blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) field and an adjacent wooded site in Bladen Lakes State Forest, NC, and recaptured on yellow sticky traps. Of those S. magdalensis (Provancher) released in the wooded site, 17.3, 27.1 and 43.7% were recaptured in the wooded area during generations I-III, respectively. Of those S. magdalensis released in the cultivated field, recapture in the same field was 11.5 and 27.9% during the first two generations, but only 1.5% at the beginning of the 3rd generation. Adults apparently moved out of the wild habitat during the 1st generation and out of cultivated fields during the 3rd. This movement pattern was not found in S. verecundus (Van Duzee). First-generation S. magdalensis should be controlled during their flight into cultivated fields.

scholarly journals Hybridisation of Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. with Malus × domestica Borkh. and Implications for the Production of Forest Reproductive Material

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Mateja Kišek ◽  
Kristjan Jarni ◽  
Robert Brus
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Malus Sylvestris ◽  
Forest Reproductive Material ◽  
Reproductive Material ◽  
Crab Apple

This study focuses on the morphological and genetic characteristics of European crab apple (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) and the occurrence of hybrids in its populations. We analyzed a total of 107 putative European crab apple trees in Slovenia: 92 from nine natural populations, five from a seed stand and 10 from a stand of unnatural origin. We also included 18 domesticated apple trees (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and two Japanese flowering crab apple trees (Malusfloribunda van Houtte) as outliers. The trees were classified into groups of European crab apples, hybrids and domesticated apples according to their morphological and genetic characteristics. Classification based on morphological traits produced different results (58.75% European crab apple, 37.11% hybrids and 4.14% domesticated apple) compared to those based on genetic analysis (70.10% European crab apple, 21.64% hybrids and 8.26% domesticated apple). When genetic and morphological characteristics were combined, only 40.20% of the trees were classified as European crab apple, and an additional group of feral cultivars of domesticated apples (6.18%) was identified. The analysis revealed that hybridization with domesticated apple is taking place in all studied natural European crab apple populations; however, hybrids and feral cultivars only occur to a limited extent. When introducing European crab apple into forests in the future, only genetically verified forest reproductive material obtained exclusively from suitable seed stands should be used.

The Brown Mite, Bryobia arborea Morgan and Anderson (Acarina: Tetranychidae), on Apple in Nova Scotia.: I. Influence of Intratree Distribution on the Selection of Sampling Units. II. Differences in Habits and Seasonal Trends in Orchards With Bivoltine and Trivoltine Populations. III. Distribution of Diapause Eggs. IV. Hatching of Diapause Eggs

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1303-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Sample Unit ◽  
The Third ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIn Nova Scotia one leaf cluster with an adjoining 1 inch of twig taken from the inside of each of 10 apple trees replicated four times is an adequate sample unit to measure the density of the brown mite.The brown mite has one generation with a partial second in some orchards and one with a partial second and partial third in others. The first generation adults in the bivoltine and trivoltine populations lay summer eggs on the leaves and twigs, and diapause eggs on tin twigs. The second generation adults in the bivoltine populations lay only diapause eggs; in the trivoltine populations they lay both summer and diapause eggs. The adults of the third generation lay only diapause eggs.The brown mite is found on both the leaves and woody parts of the tree. In orchards with bivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80% by mid-July, but thereafter gradually decreased to 10% by the end of August. However, in orchards with trivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80 to 90% by mid-July, remained constant until mid-August, and thereafter decreased to approximately 40% by the end of August.The number of diapause eggs laid by adults of each generation in both the bivoltine and trivoltine populations varies widely. The eggs are deposited on the trunk as well as on the branches, with the heaviest deposition in the central area of the tree. The diapause eggs laid by adults of the first generation are the last to hatch and those laid by the third generation are the first to hatch the following spring.The factors responsible for the differences in the number of generations and in the number of diapause eggs laid are unknown.

scholarly journals The Effect of NAA and BA on Carbon Dioxide Assimilation by Shoot Leaves of Spur-type `Delicious' and `Empire' Apple Trees

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Stopar ◽  
Brent L. Black ◽  
Martin J. Bukovac
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Assimilation ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Exchange Parameters

The effects of NAA, BA, or Accel on CO2 assimilation of shoot leaves of mature bearing Redchief `Delicious' and `Empire' apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) trees were evaluated over two seasons. BA at 50 mg·L-1 did not significantly affect any of the gas-exchange parameters measured. NAA (15 mg·L-1) consistently suppressed CO2 assimilation rate (from ≈10% to 24% below that of the control). This suppression was NAA-concentration dependent, continued for >15 days after treatment, and was completely overcome in `Empire', but only partially or not at all in `Delicious' when BA was combined with NAA. These results are discussed in relation to fruit thinning and NAA-induced inhibition of fruit growth in spur-type `Delicious'. Chemical names used: 2-(1-napthyl) acetic acid (NAA); N-(phenyl)-1H-purine-6-amine (BA); BA + gibberellin A (GA)4+7 (Accel).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Yellow Sticky Traps for Monitoring the Population of Thrips (Thysanoptera) in a Mango Orchard

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamaseh Aliakbarpour ◽  
Che Salmah Md. Rawi
Keyword(s):  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps
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